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METOPROLOL

Name of
Drug
Metoprolol
Tartate
(Lopressor)

Classification

Mechanism of
Action

Inhibits
Antianginal
stimulation of
beta1 receptor
Antihypertensi sites in decreased
cardiac
ve
excitability,
cardiac output and
MI Prophylaxis
myocardial
and treatment oxygen demand.
These effects help
relieve angina and
reduce blood
pressure.

Contraindicatio
n
Acute heart
failure,
Bradycardia <
45 bpm,
Hypersensitivit
y to metoprolol
or its
components

Indications,
Route and
Dosage
I: Hypertension
D:50 mg/tab

Side and
Adverse Effects

Nursing Responsibilities

CNS: Anxiety,
Confusion,
Dizziness,
Drowsiness,
Fatigue,
Headache
CV: Angina,
arrhythmias,
Orthostatic
hypotension
EENT: Nasal
congestion,
Taste
disturbance
GI:
Constipation,
Diarrhea,
Nausea,
Vomiting
MS: Backpain,
Myalgia
RESP: Dyspnea
SKIN:
Diaphoresis,
Rash, Urticaria

-Advise patient to notify


prescriber if pulse rate
falls below 60 bpm or is
significantly lower than
usual.
-be aware that patients
who take metoprolol may
be at risk for AV block.
-If AV block results from
depressed AV node
conduction, prepare to
administer appropriate
drug, as prescribed, or
assist with insertion of
temporary pacemaker.
-Be aware that abrupt
withdrawal of drug can
precipitate thyroid storm
in patient with
hyperthyroidism or
thyrotoxicosis.
-Abrupt discontinuation of
drug can cause
myocardial ischemia, Mi or
severe hypertension
especially in patient with
cardiac diseases.
-Check blood pressure an

hour or two after


administering the drug.

NICARDIPINE
Name of Drug

Classification

Mechanism of
Action

Contraindication

Indications

Side and Adverse


Effects

Nursing
Responsibilities

Nicardipine

Calcium
Channel Blocker
Antihypertensiv
e

LOSARTAN

Inhibits
calcium
Ion
movement
across cell
membran
es,
depressin
g
contractio
n of
cardiac
smooth
muscle.

Advance
aortic
stenosis

Treatment
of
hypertensi
on

Headache
Facial
flushing
Edema
Dizziness
Nausea
Palpitation
Dry mouth
Confusion
Slurred
speech
Drowsiness
Hypotension
Bradycardia

Give
without
regard of
food
Monitor
blood
pressure
Assess
pulse for
tachycardi
a
Avoid
alcohol

Name of
Drug
Generic
Name:
Losartan
Potassium

Brand
Name:
Cosaar

Classification

Mechanism of Action

Contraindication

Antihypertensive

Inhibits
vasoconstrictive
and aldosterone
secreting action o
f angiotensin II by
blocking
angiotensin II
receptor on the
surface of
vascular smooth
muscle and other
tissue cells.

Patients hypersensitive
to drug, breast-feeding
is not
recommended,c a u s e s
fetal and neonatal
morbidity and
death

Indications,
Route and
Dosage
Hypetension,
Nephepatically
in type 2
daibetic
patients, to
reduce risk
of CVA in patients
with hypertension
and left ventricular
hypertrophy

Side and
Adverse Effects

Nursing
Responsibilities

CNS-dizziness,
asthenia, fatig
ue, headache,
insomia.

>>Monitor patients
BP.

CV
edema,chest
pain.
EENT
-nasal
congestion,
sinusitis,
pharyngitis,
sinus disorder.
GI
-Abdominal pain,
nausea,
diarrhea,
dyspepsia.
Musculoskeletal
-muscle cramps,
myalgia, back or
leg pain.
Respiratory
-cough, upper
respiratory infec

>>Monitor patients
who are also taking
diuretics
for symptomatic
hypotension.
>>Assess patients
renal function
>>Tell patient to
avoid salt substitutes

tion.

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