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Requirements
MCAR-Part 21
Airworthiness
_____________________
Second Edition
2010
Part 21 Airworthiness
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PREFACE
Myanmar is a Signatory to the Convention on International Civil Aviation (Chicago Convention, signed at
Chicago on 7 December 1944). Under Article 12 of the Convention, Myanmar, as a Contracting State, is
obligated to adopt measures to insure safety through conformity with international standards in its safety
oversight obligations. The fundamental elements of national safety oversight legislation are establishing
and empowering Department of civil aviation in Myanmar.
MCAR Part-21 is part of the Myanmar Legislation and stipulates requirements in respect of Airworthiness of
aircraft on Myanmar registered and aircraft operated under Myanmar AOCs. Most of the aircraft registered
in Myanmar have the range to operate in both local and international Aviation. Simplicity in the legislation of
civil aviation under such circumstances will support the consistent application of ICAO SARPs throughout
the aviation community within Myanmar.
This part sets forth requirements for the airworthiness of aircraft expected to operate in Myanmar using
Myanmar aircraft rules, the SARPs in ICAO annex 6 and annex 8. Maintenance requirements in this part
are also for persons who are neither employees of an Approved Maintenance Organization nor an Air
Operator Certificates holder.
All Myanmar Registered aircraft shall meets all the requirements related to airworthiness specified in
Myanmar Aircraft Rules, Myanmar Civil Aviation Requirements and in addition to this requirement.
This requirement has been issued under authority conferred by Section 5-A (c) of the Myanmar Aircraft Act
(1934) by the Director General.
Enquires on the contents of this requirement should be addressed to __
Director (Airworthiness)
Airworthiness Division
Department of Civil Aviation
Yangon International Airport, Yangon 11021
Tel: 95 1 533 003
95 1 533 014
Fax: 95 1 533 016
_______________________
Director General
Department of Civil Aviation
Union of Myanmar
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CONTENTS
21.1 GENERAL................................................................................................................................................ 3
21.1.1.1 Applicability.............................................................................................................................. 3
21.1.1.2 Definitions................................................................................................................................ 3
21.1.1.3 Acronyms................................................................................................................................. 7
21.2 AIRCRAFT AND COMPONENT ORIGINAL CERTIFICATION................................................................ 7
21.2.1.1 Applicability.............................................................................................................................. 7
21.3 SUPPLEMENTAL TYPE CERTIFICATES ............................................................................................... 7
21.3.1.1 Applicability.............................................................................................................................. 7
21.3.1.2 Issuance of a Supplemental Type Certificate........................................................................... 6
21.4 AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATES ........................................................................................................ 6
21.4.1.1 Applicability.............................................................................................................................. 6
21.4.1.2 Eligibility................................................................................................................................... 8
21.4.1. 3 CLASSIFICATIONS OF AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATES..8
21.4.1.4 Amendment of Airworthiness Certificate.................................................................................. 8
21.4.1.5 Transfer or Surrender of Airworthiness Certificate................................................................... 8
21.4.1.6 Effective Dates of Airworthiness Certificate ............................................................................. 8
21.4.1.7 Aircraft Identification ................................................................................................................ 9
21.4.1.8 Issue, Validate and Renewal of Airworthiness Certificates ...................................................... 9
21.4.1.9 Commercial Air Transport........................................................................................................ 9
21.4.1.10 Airworthiness Directives .......................................................................................................... 9
21.4.1.11 Issue of Special Airworthiness Certificates ............................................................................ 10
21.5 CONTINUED AIRWORTHINESS OF AIRCRAFT AND COMPONENTS ............................................... 11
21.5.1.1 Applicability............................................................................................................................ 11
21.5.1.2 Responsibility......................................................................................................................... 11
21.5.1.3 General.................................................................................................................................. 11
21.5.1.4 Requirements for Certificate of release to Service................................................................. 12
21.5.1.5 Requirements for Certificate of Maintenance Review ............................................................ 12
21.5.1.6 Aircraft, Engine and Propeller Log Books .............................................................................. 11
21.5.1.7 Technical Log ........................................................................................................................ 12
21.5.1.8 Equipment of Aircraft ............................................................................................................. 12
21.5.1.9 Qualification Requirements for NDT Personnel ..................................................................... 13
21.5.1.10 Reporting of Failures, Malfunctions, and Defects .................................................................. 14
21.6 AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION................................................................................... 16
21.6.1.1 Applicability............................................................................................................................ 16
21.6.1.2 Persons Authorised to Perform Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance, and Modifications ..16
21.6.1.3 Persons Authorised to Perform Maintenance ........................................................................ 17
21.6.1.4 Authorised Personnel to Approve for Return to Service ........................................................ 17
21.6.1.5 Persons Authorised to Perform Inspections........................................................................... 18
21.6.1.6 Persons Authorised to Perform Duplicate Inspection of controls ........................................... 18
21.6.1.7 Performance Rules : Maintenance......................................................................................... 18
21.6.1.8 Performance Rules : Inspections ........................................................................................... 19
21.6.1.9 Performance Rules : Airworthiness Limitations...................................................................... 19
21.7 MAINTENANCE RECORDS AND ENTRIES ......................................................................................... 20
21.7.1.1 Content, Form, and Disposition of Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance, Rebuilding,
and Modification Records ...................................................................................................... 20
21.7.1.2 Records of Overhaul and Rebuilding ..................................................................................... 20
21.7.1.3 Approval for Return to Service After Maintenance, Preventive maintenance, Rebuilding,or
Modification............................................................................................................................ 20
21.7.1.4 Content, Form, and Disposition of Records for Inspections................................................... 20
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21.1 GENERAL
21.1.1.1 APPLICABILITY
This part prescribes the requirements for
(1) Apply to aircraft registered in a contracting state and operated pursuant to an agreement for the
lease, charter or interchange of the aircraft or any similar arrangement by an operator who has
his principal place of business, or, if he has no such place of business, his permanent resident in
Myanmar, provided that an agreement has been reached between the government of the State
of registry of the Aircraft and the Government of Myanmar in regard to transfer of functions and
duties pursuant to Article 83 bis of the Convention. The extent of application of this part to
such aircraft shall be as per the agreement between the two Governments.
(2) Not apply to aircraft registered in Myanmar and operated pursuant to an agreement for the
lease, charter or interchange of the aircraft or any similar arrangement by an operator who has
his principal place of business, or, if he has no such place of business, his permanent resident in
a contracting State, provided that an agreement has been reached between the Government of
Myanmar and the Government of that contracting state in regard to transfer of functions and
duties pursuant to Article 83 bis of the Convention. The extent of non-application of this part to
such aircraft shall be as per the agreement between the two Governments.
(3) Certification of aircraft and aeronautical components; Issue, validate and renewal for Certificate
of Airworthiness and other certifications of aeronautical products; Continued airworthiness of
aircraft and aeronautical components; Rebuilding and modifications of aircraft and aeronautical
components; Maintenance of aircraft and aeronautical components; Aircraft inspection
requirements; and Air operator aircraft maintenance and inspection requirements.
21.1.1.2 DEFINITIONS
For the purpose of this Part, the following definitions shall apply
1. Aeroplane. A power-driven heavier-than-air aircraft, deriving its lift in flight chiefly from aerodynamic
reactions on surfaces which remain fixed under given conditions of flight.
2. Aircraft. Any machine that can derive support in the atmosphere from the reactions of the air other
than the reactions of the air against the earths surface.
3. Anticipated operating conditions. Those conditions which are known from experience or which can
be reasonably envisaged to occur during the operational life of the aircraft taking into account the
operations for which the aircraft is made eligible, the conditions so considered being relative to the
meteorological state of the atmosphere, to the configuration of terrain, to the functioning of the aircraft,
to the efficiency of personnel and to all the factors affecting safety in flight. Anticipated operating
conditions do not include:
a) those extremes which can be effectively avoided by means of operating procedures; and
b) those extremes which occur so infrequently that to require the Standards to be met in such extremes
would give a higher level of airworthiness than experience has shown to be necessary and practical.
4. Appropriate airworthiness requirements. The comprehensive and detailed airworthiness codes
established, adopted or accepted by a Contracting State for the class of aircraft, engine or propeller
under consideration.
5. Approved. Accepted by a Contracting State as suitable for a particular purpose.
6. Category A Helicopters. With respect to helicopters, means a multi-engine helicopter designed with
engine and system isolation features specified in Part IVB of Annex 8 and capable of operations using
take-off and landing data scheduled under a critical engine failure concept which assures adequate
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7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
designated surface area and adequate performance capability for continued safe flight or safe rejected
take-off.
Category B Helicopters. With respect to helicopters, means a single-engine or multi-engine helicopter
which does not meet Category A standards. Category B helicopters have no guaranteed capability to
continue safe flight in the event of an engine failure, and a forced landing is assumed.
Configuration (as applied to the aeroplane). A particular combination of the positions of the
moveable elements, such as wing flaps and landing gear, etc., that affects the aerodynamic
characteristics of the aeroplane.
Critical power-unit(s). The power-unit(s) failure of which gives the most adverse effect on the aircraft
characteristics relative to the case under consideration.
Design landing mass. The maximum mass of the aircraft at which, for structural design purposes, it is
assumed that it will be planned to land.
Design take-off mass. The maximum mass at which the aircraft, for structural design purposes, is
assumed to be planned to be at the start of the take-off run.
Design taxiing mass. The maximum mass of the aircraft at which structural provision is made for load
liable to occur during use of the aircraft on the ground prior to the start of take-off.
Discrete source damage. Structural damage of the aeroplane that is likely to result from: impact with
a bird, uncontained fan blade failure, uncontained engine failure, uncontained high-energy rotating
machinery failure or similar causes.
Engine. A unit used or intended to be used for aircraft propulsion. It consists of at least those
components and equipment necessary for functioning and control, but excludes the propeller (if
applicable).
Factor of safety. A design factor used to provide for the possibility of loads greater than those
assumed, and for uncertainties in design and fabrication.
Final approach and take-off area (FATO). A defined area over which the final phase of the approach
manoeuvre to hover or landing is completed and from which the take-off manoeuvre is commenced.
Where the FATO is to be used by performance Class 1 helicopters, the defined area includes the
rejected take-off area available.
Fireproof. The capability to withstand the application of heat by a flame for a period of 15 minutes.
Fire resistant. The capability to withstand the application of heat by a flame for a period of 5 minutes.
Helicopter. A heavier-than-air aircraft supported in flight chiefly by the reactions of the air on one or
more power-driven rotors on substantially vertical axes.
Human Factors principles. Principles which apply to aeronautical design, certification, training,
operations and maintenance and which seek safe interface between the human and other system
components by proper consideration to human performance.
Human performance. Human capabilities and limitations which have an impact on the safety and
efficiency of aeronautical operations.
Landing surface. That part of the surface of an aerodrome which the aerodrome authority has
declared available for the normal ground or water run of aircraft landing in a particular direction.
Limit loads. The maximum loads assumed to occur in the anticipated operating conditions.
Load factor. The ratio of a specified load to the weight of the aircraft, the former being expressed in
terms of aerodynamic forces, inertia forces, or ground reactions.
Maintenance. The performance of tasks required to ensure the continuing airworthiness of an aircraft,
including any one or combination of overhaul, inspection, replacement, defect rectification, and the
embodiment of a modification or repair.
Performance Class 1 helicopter. A helicopter with performance such that, in case of engine failure, it
is able to land on the rejected take-off area or safely continue the flight to an appropriate landing area.
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27. Performance Class 2 Helicopter. A helicopter with performance such that, in case of engine failure, it
is able to safely continue the flight, except when the failure occurs prior to a defined point after take-off
or after a defined point before landing, in which cases a forced landing may be required.
28. Performance Class 3 Helicopter. A helicopter with performance such that, in case of engine failure at
any point in the flight profile, a forced landing must be performed.
29. Power-unit. A system of one or more engines and ancillary parts which are together necessary to
provide thrust, independently of the continued operation of any other power unit(s), but not including
short period thrust-producing devices.
30. Pressure-altitude. An atmospheric pressure expressed in terms of altitude which corresponds to that
pressure in the Standard Atmosphere.
31. Rendering (a Certificate of Airworthiness) valid. The action taken by a Contracting State, as an
alternative to issuing its own Certificate of Airworthiness, in accepting a Certificate of Airworthiness
issued by any other Contracting State as the equivalent of its own Certificate of Airworthiness.
32. Repair. The restoration of an aeronautical product to an airworthy condition as defined by the
appropriate airworthiness requirements.
33. Safety management system. A systematic approach to managing safety, including the necessary
organizational structures, accountabilities, policies and procedures.
34. Satisfactory evidence. A set of documents or activities that a Contracting State accepts as sufficient
to show compliance with an airworthiness requirement.
35. Standard atmosphere. An atmosphere defined as follows:
a) the air is a perfect dry gas;
b) the physical constants are:
To
11.0
20.0
32.0
47.0
51.0
71.0
80.0
Temperature gradient
(Kelvin per standard
geopotential kilometre)
6.5
0.0
+1.0
+2.8
0.0
2.8
2.0
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36. State of Design. The State having jurisdiction over the organization responsible for the type design.
37. State of Manufacture. The State having jurisdiction over the organization responsible for the final
assembly of the aircraft.
38. State safety programme. An integrated set of regulations and activities aimed at improving safety.
39. Take-off surface. That part of the surface of an aerodrome which the aerodrome authority has
declared available for the normal ground or water run of aircraft taking off in a particular direction.
40. Ultimate load. The limit load multiplied by the appropriate factor of safety. Aeronautical product. Any
aircraft, aircraft engine, propeller, or subassembly, appliance, material, part or component to be
installed thereon.
41. Airworthiness approval tag. A tag (Model CAA Form AAT) that may be attached to a part. The tag
must include the part number, serial number, and current life status of the part. Each time the part is
removed from a type certificated product, a new tag must be created or the existing tag must be
updated with the current life status. The Model CAA Form AAT has two distinct purposes (1) is as a
certification of release to service of a part, component or assembly after maintenance, preventive
maintenance, overhaul or rebuilding, and (2) the other is as shipping of a newly manufactured part.
42. Airworthiness directive. Continuing airworthiness information that applies to the following products:
aircraft, aircraft engines, propellers, and appliances. An airworthiness directive is mandatory if issued
by the State of Design.
43. Life-limited part. Any part for which a mandatory replacement limit is specified in the type design, the
Instructions for Continued Airworthiness, or the maintenance manual.
44. Major Modification. Major Modification means an alteration not listed in the aircraft, aircraft engine, or
propeller specifications (1) that might appreciably affect weight, balance, structural strength,
performance, power-plant, operations, flight characteristics, or other qualities affecting airworthiness; or
(2) that cannot be done by elementary operations.
45. Major repair. Major repair means a repair: (1) that if improperly done might appreciably affect weight,
balance, structural strength, performance, power-plant, operations, flight characteristics, or other
qualities affecting airworthiness; or (2) that is not done according to accepted practices or cannot be
done by elementary operations.
46. Overhaul. The restoration of an aircraft/aeronautical product using methods, techniques, and practices
acceptable to the Authority, including disassembly, cleaning, and inspection as permitted, repair as
necessary, and reassembly; and tested in accordance with approved standards and technical data, or
in accordance with current standards and technical data acceptable to the Authority, which have been
developed and documented by the State of Design, holder of the type certificate, supplemental type
certificate, or a material, part, process, or appliance approval under a Technical Standard Order (TSO).
47. Preventive maintenance. Simple or minor preservation operations and the replacement of small
standard parts not involving complex assembly operations.
48. Rebuild. The restoration of an aircraft/aeronautical product by using methods, techniques, and
practices acceptable to the Authority, when it has been disassembled, cleaned, inspected as permitted,
repaired as necessary, reassembled, and tested to the same tolerances and limits as a new item, using
either new parts or used parts that conform to new part tolerances and limits.
49. Required inspection items. Maintenance items and/or alterations that must be inspected by a
qualified and authorised person other than the one performing the work, and include at least those that
could result in a failure, malfunction, or defect endangering the safe operation of the aircraft, if not
properly performed or if improper parts or materials are used.
50. Type Certificate. A document issued by a Contracting State to define the design of an aircraft type
and to certify that this design meets the appropriate airworthiness requirements of that State.
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21.3.1.2
ISSUANCE OF A SUPPLEMENTAL TYPE CERTIFICATE
Any person who proposes to alter a product by introducing a major change in type design, not great
enough to require a new application for a type certificate, shall apply for a Supplemental Type Certificate to
the regulatory agency of the State of Design that approved the type certificate for that product, or to the
State of Registry of the aircraft provided that the State of Registry has the technical expertise to evaluate
the proposed change in accordance with the type design. The applicant shall apply in accordance with the
procedures prescribed by that State. Upon receiving a request for a supplemental type certificate for an
aircraft registered in any STATE shall forward the request to the State of Design.
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(c) When an aircraft imported for registration in Myanmar has a Certificate of Airworthiness issued by
another Contracting State, Myanmar may, as an alternative to issuance of its own Certificate of
Airworthiness, establish validity by suitable authorisation to be carried with the former Certificate of
Airworthiness accepting it as the equivalent of a Certificate of Airworthiness issued by Myanmar. The
validity of the authorisation shall not extend beyond the period of validity of the Certificate of
Airworthiness or one year, whichever is less.
(d) The continuing airworthiness of the aircraft shall be determined by a periodical inspection at
appropriate intervals having regard to lapse of time and type of service.
(e) Failure to maintain an aircraft in an airworthy condition as defined by the appropriate airworthiness
requirements of the State of Registry shall render the aircraft ineligible for operations until the aircraft is
restored to an airworthy condition.
21.4.1.7 AIRCRAFT IDENTIFICATION
Each applicant for an airworthiness certificate shall show that the aircraft is properly registered and marked,
including identification plates.
21.4.1.8 ISSUE, VALIDATE AND RENEWAL OF AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATES
(a) The DCA may issue an Airworthiness certificate if
(1) The applicant presents evidence to the DCA to satisfy that the Aircraft manufactured/ imported
meet the approved Airworthiness Standards in respect of design, method of construction,
equipment and performance etc. in this regard the Design Standards specified in JAR 23 and JAR
25 of Airworthiness Authorities (JAA/EASA) of Europe and FAR 23 and FAR 25 of Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA) of USA, is generally acceptable for Light and Transport Category aircraft. For
Helicopters, Design Standards followed by FAA as specified FAR 27 & 29 are acceptable for Light
and Transport Category helicopters, respectively.
(2) The aircraft has been inspected in accordance with the performance rules of this regulation for
inspections and found airworthy by persons authorised by the DCA to make such determinations
within the last 30 calendar days; and
(3) The DCA finds after an inspection that the aircraft conforms to type design and is in a condition for
safe operation.
(b) The DCA may validate an airworthiness certificate issued by another Contracting State upon
registration of the aircraft in Myanmar for the period specified in that certificate but in no case for a
period longer than 12 months.
(c) The DCA may renew an airworthiness certificate if _
The applicant presents evidence to the DCA that the aircraft conforms to aircraft, or such of its
equipment as is necessary for the airworthiness of the aircraft, is overhauled, repaired or modified, or if
any part of the aircraft or of such equipment is removed or is replaced, either generally until the
satisfactory completion of any inspection made for the purpose of ascertaining whether the aircraft
remains airworthy or maintenance of the aircraft or of any equipment for the purpose of ensuring that
the aircraft remains airworthy.
21.4.1.9 COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT
The DCA will consider an airworthiness certificate valid for commercial air transport only when
accompanied by an evaluation form issued by the state of design which identifies the specific types of
commercial air transport authorised.
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(b) a separate log book in respect of each engine fitted in the aircraft; and
(c) a separate log book in respect of each variable pitch propeller fitted to the aircraft.
(2) Each entry in the log book:
(a) such an entry shall be made as soon as practicable after the occurrence to which it relates, but in
no event more than 7 days after the expiration of the certificate of maintenance review (if any) in
force in respect of the aircraft at the time of the occurrence;
(b) such an entry shall be made upon each occasion that any maintenance, overhaul, repair,
replacement, modification or inspection is undertaken on the aircraft, engine or propeller.
(3) Every log book shall be preserved by the operator of the aircraft for a period of at least 2 years after the
aircraft, the engine or the variable pitch propeller, as the case may be, has been destroyed or has been
permanently withdrawn from use.
21.5.1.7 TECHNICAL LOG
(1) Any public transport and aerial work aircraft registered in Myanmar shall have_
(a) a technical log to be kept in respect of every aircraft to which this part applies.
(b) an approved record to be kept instead of a technical log In the case of an aircraft of which the
maximum total weight authorised is 2730 kg or less and which is not operated by the holder of an
air operators certificate granted by the DCA.
(2) At the end of every flight by an aircraft the commander shall enter in the technical log or the approved
record as the case may be _
(a) The times when the aircraft took off and landed;
(b) Particulars of any defect which is known to him and which affects the airworthiness or safe
operation of the aircraft, or if no such defect is known to him, an entry to that effect; and
(c) such other particulars in respect of the airworthiness or operation of the aircraft as the DCA may
require; and he shall sign and date the entries.
Note: In the case of two or more consecutive flights each of which begins and ends
(iii) within the same period of 24 hours; at the same aerodrome,
(ii) except where each such flight is for the purpose of dropping or projecting any material for
agricultural, public health or similar purposes; and
(iii) with the same person as commander of the aircraft, the commander may, except where he/she
becomes aware of a defect during an earlier flight, make the entries at the end of the last of
such consecutive flights.
(3) Upon the rectification of any defect which has been entered in a technical log or approved record, a
person issuing a certificate of release to service issued under this Part or under MCAR Part-145 in
respect of that defect shall enter the certificate in the technical log or approved record in such a
position as to be readily identifiable with the defect to which it relates.
(4) the technical log or approved record shall be carried in the aircraft and copies of the entries required by
this article shall be kept on the ground.
(5) In the case of an aeroplane of which the maximum total weight authorized is 2730 kg or less, or a
helicopter, if it is not reasonably practicable for the copy of the technical log or approved record to be
kept on the ground it may be carried in the aeroplane or helicopter, as the case may be, in a container
approved by the DCA for that purpose.
(6) a technical log or approved record required by this article shall be preserved by the operator of the
aircraft to which it relates for a period of at least 2 years after the aircraft has been destroyed or has
been permanently withdrawn from use, or for such shorter period as the DCA may permit in a particular
case.
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European Standards EN473 1 or EN4179 2 or equivalent Standards and the Approved Organisations
written practice/ procedures for the authorisation of NDT personnel.
(2) The term NDT is used throughout this part to include, but not be limited to, Liquid Penetrant, Magnetic
Particle, Eddy Current, Ultrasonic, Radiographic and other recognized methods as identified in the
above reference standard and shall be applicable to all NDT methods used by Approved Organization.
Other methods and their associated procedures will be subject to acceptance by the DCA.
1 EN473 General Principle for Qualification and Certification of NDT Personnel,
2 EN4179 Qualification and Approval of personnel for non-destructive testing,
21.5.1.10 REPORTING OF FAILURES, MALFUNCTIONS, AND DEFECTS
(a) Owners or operators of aircraft shall report to the DCA any failures, malfunctions, or defects that result
in at least the following
(1) Fires during flight and whether the related fire-warning system properly operated;
(2) Fires during flight not protected by a related fire-warning system;
(3) False fire warning during flight;
(4) An engine exhaust system that causes damage during flight to the engine, adjacent structure,
equipment, or components;
(5) An aircraft component that causes accumulation or circulation of smoke, vapour, or toxic or
noxious fumes in the crew compartment or passenger cabin during flight;
(6) Engine shutdown during flight because of flameout;
(7) Engine shutdown during flight when external damage to the engine or aircraft structure occurs;
(8) Engine shutdown during flight due to foreign object ingestion or icing;
(9) Shutdown during flight of more than one engine;
(10) A propeller feathering system or ability of the system to control over speed during flight;
(11) A fuel or fuel-dumping system that affects fuel flow or causes hazardous leakage during flight;
(12) An unintended landing gear extension or retraction, or opening or closing of landing gear doors
during flight;
(13) Brake system components that result in loss of brake actuating force when the aircraft is in motion
on the ground;
(14) Aircraft structure that requires major repair;
(15) Cracks, permanent deformation, or corrosion of aircraft structure, if more than the maximum
acceptable to the manufacturer or the DCA;
(16) Aircraft components or systems malfunctions that result in taking emergency actions during flight
(except action to shut down an engine);
(17) Each interruption to a flight, unscheduled change of aircraft en route, or unscheduled stop or
diversion from a route, caused by known or suspected technical difficulties or malfunctions;
(18) Any abnormal vibration or buffeting caused by a structural or system malfunction, defect, or failure;
(19) A failure or malfunction of more than one attitude, airspeed, or altitude instrument during a given
operation of the aircraft.
(20) The number of engines removed prematurely because of malfunction, failure or defect, listed by
make and model and the aircraft type in which it was installed; or
(21) The number of propeller featherings in flight, listed by type of propeller and engine and aircraft on
which it was installed.
(22) Defect of the aircraft or part(s) related to any bird-strike.
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(b) This Subpart outlines the privileges and limitations of these entities with respect to the extent and type
of work they may perform regarding
(1) Maintenance,
(2) Modification,
(3) Inspection, and
(4) Approvals for return to service.
21.6.1.3 PERSONS AUTHORISED TO PERFORM MAINTENANCE
No person may perform any task defined as maintenance on an aircraft or aeronautical products, except as
provided in the following
(1) A pilot licensed by the DCA may perform that maintenance as may be specifically approved by the
DCA on any aircraft owned or operated by that pilot so long as the aircraft is not listed for use by
an AOC holder.
(2) A person working under the supervision of a aircraft maintenance engineer, may perform the
maintenance, and modifications that the supervisory aircraft maintenance engineer is authorised to
perform If the supervisor personally observes the work being done to the extent necessary to
ensure that it is being done properly, and If the supervisor is readily available, in person, for
consultation.
(3) A person working under supervision of an aircraft maintenance engineer may not perform any
inspection required or any inspection performed after a major repair or modification.
(4) A licensed aircraft maintenance engineer may perform or supervise the maintenance or
modification of an aircraft or aeronautical product for which he or she is rated by the limitation.
(5) A holder of an Inspection Authorisation may perform or supervise the maintenance or modification
of an aircraft or aeronautical product rated by the limitation.
(6) An aircraft repair specialist may perform or supervise the maintenance or modification of an aircraft
or aeronautical product for which he or she is rated by the limitation.
(7) A holder of a certificate of maintenance approval may perform the maintenance or modification of
an aircraft or aeronautical product as specified in its Authorization.
(8) An AMO may perform aircraft maintenance within the limits specified by the DCA.
(9) The AOC holder may perform aircraft maintenance as specified by the DCA.
(10) A manufacturer holding an AMO certificate may
(i) Rebuild or alter any aeronautical product manufactured by that manufacturer under a type or
production certificate;
(ii) Rebuild or alter any aeronautical product manufactured by that manufacturer under a TSO
Authorisation, a Parts Manufacturer Approval by the State of Design, or Product and Process
Specification issued by the State of Design; and
(iii) Perform any inspection required on aircraft it manufacturers, while currently operating under a
production certificate or under currently approved production inspection system for such aircraft.
21.6.1.4
AUTHORISED PERSONNEL TO APPROVE FOR RETURN TO SERVICE
No person or entity, other than the DCA, may approve an aircraft, airframe, aircraft engine, propeller,
appliance, or component part for return to service after it has undergone maintenance, rebuilding, or
modification, except as provided in the following:
(1) A pilot licensed by the DCA may return his or her aircraft to service after performing limited
maintenance when specifically authorised by the DCA to do so.
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(2) A licensed aircraft maintenance engineer may approve aircraft and aeronautical products for return
to service after he or she has performed, supervised, or inspected its maintenance subject to the
limitation.
(3) A holder of a Inspection Authorisation may approve any aircraft and aeronautical products for
return to service subject to the limitation.
(4) A holder of a certificate of maintenance approval may approve any aircraft for return to service as
specified in the certificate and subject to the limitation.
(5) An AMO may approve aircraft and aeronautical products for return to service as provided in the
specifications approved by the DCA.
(6) An AOC holder may approve aircraft and aeronautical products for return to service as specified by
the DCA.
21.6.1.5 PERSONS AUTHORISED TO PERFORM INSPECTIONS
No person, other than the Director, may perform the inspections required by and an aeronautical product
prior to or after it has undergone maintenance, rebuilding, or modification, except as provided in the
following:
(1) An aircraft maintenance engineer may conduct the required inspections of aircraft and aeronautical
products for which he or she is rated and current.
(2) An AMO may perform the required inspections of aircraft and aeronautical products as provided in
the specifications approved by the Director.
(3) An AOC holder may perform the required inspections of aircraft and aeronautical products in
accordance with specifications issued by the Director.
21.6.1.6 PERSONS AUTHORISED TO PERFORM DUPLICATE INSPECTION OF CONTROLS
A person shall not certify an aircraft or component for release to service after the initial assembly,
subsequent disturbance, or adjustment of any part of an aircraft control system or component control
system unless a duplicate inspection of the control system has been performed that includes
(1) an inspection after maintenance by a person authorized to certify the release to service of the control
system; and
(2) a second inspection by another person who has adequate training, knowledge and experience to carry
out the second inspection; and is nominated by the person specified in subparagraph (1).
21.6.1.7
PERFORMANCE RULES: MAINTENANCE
(a) Each person performing maintenance, or modification on an aeronautical product shall use the
methods, techniques, and practices prescribed in
(1) The current manufacturers maintenance manual or instructions for Continued Airworthiness
prepared by its manufacturer; and
(2) Additional methods, techniques and practices required by the DCA; or methods, techniques and
practices designated by the DCA where the manufacturers documents were not available.
(b) Each person shall use the tools, equipment, and test apparatus necessary to assure completion of the
work in accordance with accepted industry practices. If the manufacturer involved recommends special
equipment or test apparatus, the person performing maintenance shall use that equipment or
apparatus or its equivalent acceptable to the DCA.
(c) Each person performing maintenance, or modification on an aeronautical product shall do that work in
such a manner, and use materials of such a quality, that the condition of the aeronautical product
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worked on will be at least equal to its original or properly altered condition with regard to aerodynamic
function, structural strength, resistance to vibration and deterioration, and other qualities affecting
airworthiness.
(d) The methods, techniques, and practices contained in an AOC holders maintenance control manual
and continuous maintenance program, as approved by the DCA, will constitute an acceptable means of
compliance with the requirements of this subsection.
21.6.1.8
PERFORMANCE RULES: INSPECTIONS
(a) General. Each person performing an inspection required by the DCA shall
(1) Perform the inspection so as to determine whether the aircraft, or portion(s) thereof under
inspection, meets all applicable airworthiness requirements; and
(2) If there is an inspection program required or accepted for the specific aircraft being inspected
perform the inspection in accordance with the instructions and procedures set forth in the
inspection program.
(b) Rotorcraft. Each person performing an inspection required on a rotorcraft shall inspect the following
systems in accordance with the maintenance manual or Instructions for Continued Airworthiness of the
manufacturer concerned
(1) The drive shafts or similar systems,
(2) The main rotor transmission gear box for obvious defects,
(3) The main rotor and centre section (or the equivalent area), and
(4) The auxiliary rotor on helicopters.
(c) Annual inspections.
(1) Each person performing an annual inspection shall use a checklist while performing the inspection.
The checklist may be of the persons own design, one provided by the manufacturer of the
equipment being inspected, or one obtained from another source. This checklist shall include the
scope and detail of the items prescribed by the DCA.
(2) Each person approving a reciprocating-engine-powered aircraft for return to service after an annual
inspection shall, before that approval, run the aircraft engine or engines to determine satisfactory
performance in accordance with the current manufacturers recommendations of
Power output (static and idle rpm);
Magnetos;
Fuel;
Oil pressure; Cylinder and Oil temperature;
(3) Each person approving a turbine-engine-powered aircraft for return to service after an annual or
inspection shall, before that approval, run the aircraft engine or engines to determine satisfactory
performance in accordance with the current manufacturers recommendations.
21.6.1.9
PERFORMANCE RULES: AIRWORTHINESS LIMITATIONS
Each person performing an inspection or other maintenance specified in an airworthiness limitations
section of a current manufacturers maintenance manual, or Instructions for Continued Airworthiness, shall
perform the inspection or other maintenance in accordance with that section, or in accordance with
specifications approved by the DCA.
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Aircraft Rules and Myanmar Civil Aviation Requirements and (insert type) inspection schedule and
was determined to be in an airworthy condition ;
(5) If the aircraft is not approved for return to service because of needed maintenance, noncompliance with the applicable specifications, airworthiness directives, or other approved data, the
following or a similarly worded statement I certify that this aircraft has been inspected in
accordance with the Myanmar Aircraft Rules and Myanmar Civil Aviation Requirements and (insert
type) inspection schedule and a list of discrepancies and un-airworthy items (date) has been
provided for the aircraft owner or operator ; and
(6) If an inspection is conducted under an inspection program, the person performing the inspection
shall make an entry identifying the inspection program accomplished, and containing a statement
that the inspection was performed in accordance with the inspections and procedures for that
particular program.
(b) Listing of discrepancies. The person performing any inspection required, who finds that the aircraft
is not airworthy or does not meet the applicable type certificate data sheet, airworthiness directives
or other approved data upon which its airworthiness depends, shall give the owner/operator a
signed and dated list of those discrepancies.
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