Ratio and Proportions

1. In a mixture 60 liters, the ratio of milk and water is 2: 1. If this ratio is to be 1: 2, then the
quantity of water to be further added is:
a) 20 liters
b) 30 liters
c) 40 liters
d) 60 liters
Answer: d
Explanation:
2
liters = 40 liters
3
Quantity of water in it = (60-40) liters = 20 liters.

Quantity of milk = 60

New ratio = 1 : 2
Let quantity of water to be added further be x liters.
Then, milk: water =

Now

40
20 x

40
1

20 x 2

20 + x = 80
x = 60.
Quantity of water to be added = 60 liters.
2. The fourth proportional to 5, 8 and 10 is:
a) 16
b) 24
c) 19
d) 20
Answer: a
Explanation:
Let the fourth proportional to 5, 8, 15 be x.
Then, 5: 8 :: 10: x
5x = (8 x 10)

x = 16.

3. If Rs.1260 is divided between A, B and C in the ratio 2:3:4, what is C's share?
a)Rs. 520
b) Rs. 560
c) Rs. 510
d) Rs. 600
Answer: b

Explanation:
C's share = 1260 x

4
= 560
9

4. What number should be added to or subtracted from each term of the ratio 17: 24 so that it
becomes equal to 1: 2?
a) 10
b) 5 c) 6 d) 12
Answer: a
17 x 1
x 10

9 x 2
5. If 4:6 is the ratio of number of girls and boys in a computer coaching class. If 50% of girls and

Explanation:

40% of boys are degree holders then the percentage of the candidates who are non-degree
holders is:
a) 12%

b) 38%

c) 56%

d) 49%

Answer: c
Explanation: 44% are degree holders and 56% are non-degree holders.
6. If a: b=3:7, find the value of (5a+b): (4a+5b)
a) 15:44

b) 22:35

c) 15:49

d) 22:47

Answer: d
7. If 0.75: x :: 5 : 8, then x is equal to:
a) 1.12

b) 1.20

c) 1.24

d) 2.0

Answer: b
Explanation: (x x 5) = (0.75 x 8)

x = 1.20

8. A sum of money is to be distributed among A, B, C, D in the proportion of 5 : 2 : 4 : 3. If C

gets Rs. 1000 more than D, what is A's share?
a) Rs. 500
b) Rs. 1500 c) Rs. 2000 d) Rs. 5000
Answer: c
Explanation:
Let the shares of A, B, C and D be Rs. 5x, Rs. 2x, Rs. 4x and Rs. 3x respectively.
Then, 4x - 3x = 1000
x = 1000.
A's share = Rs. 5x = Rs. (5 x 1000) = Rs. 5000.
9. Two numbers are respectively 20% and 40% more than a third number. The ratio of the two
numbers is:

a) 6:7

b) 2:4

c) 1:4

d) 3:4

Answer: a
Explanation:
Let the third number be x.
120 x
100
140 x
Second number = 140% of x =
100
Ratio of first two numbers = 12x: 14x = 6: 7.

Then, first number = 120% of x =

10. Salaries of Ravi and Raju are in the ratio 2: 3. If the salary of each is increased by Rs. 4000,
the new ratio becomes 4: 5. What is Raju's present salary?
a) Rs. 20, 000

b) Rs. 10,000

c) Rs. 6000

d) 12,000

Answer: d
Explanation:
Let the original salaries of Ravi and Sumit be Rs. 2x and Rs. 3x respectively.
2 x 4000 4

Then,
3 x 4000 5
5(2x + 4000) = 4(3x + 4000)
x = 2000
Raju's present salary = (3x + 4000) = Rs.(6000 + 4000) = Rs. 10,000.
11. If Rs.9000 is divided between between A, B and C in the ratio 2:3:4, what is A's share?
a)Rs. 1000

b) Rs. 2000

c) Rs. 3000

d) Rs. 4000

Answer: b
2
Rs.2000 .
9
12. In a match total runs scored by Sachin, Sourav and Dravid are 342. The ratio of runs scored

Explanation: C's share = Rs. 9000

by Sachin and Sourav is 3:2 and Sourav to Dravid is 3:2. Then what is the no of runs scored by
Sachin?
a) 162

b) 173

c)185

d)200

Answer: a
Explanation: sachin + sourav + dravid = 342
sachin : sourav = 3:2, sourav: dravid = 3:2
Sachin: Sourav: Dravid = 9:6:4

Runs scored by Sachin= 342

13. A/B = 3/5 15A = ?
a)8B
b)10B

9
162 .
19

c)9B

d)none

Answer: c
14. Two number are in the ratio 3: 5. If 9 are subtracted from each, the new numbers are in the
ratio 12: 23. The smaller number is:
a) 27
b) 33 c) 49
d) 55
Answer: b
Explanation:
Let the numbers be 3x and 5x.
3 x 9 12

Then,
5 x 9 23
23(3x - 9) = 12(5x - 9)
9x = 99
x = 11.
The smaller number = (3 x 11) = 33.
15. The average age of three boys is 25 years and their ages are in the proportion 3:5:7.The
age of the youngest boy is
a) 21
b) 18
c) 15
d) 9
Answer: c
Explanation: The total age of three boys is 75 years.
3
The age of the youngest boy is = 75 15 years
15
16. In a college the ratio of number of girls to boys is 8:5.If there are 160 girls, the total
number of students in the college is
a) 100
b) 250
c) 260
d) 416
Answer: c
8
13 160
260
Explanation: Number of girls in the college, Total 160 Total
13
8
17. Find x: y: z, if 2x+y-5z = 0 and 3x-2y-4z=0
a) 1:2:1
b) 1:1:1
c) 1:1:2
d) 2:1:1
Answer: d
18. The ratio between two numbers is 3:5 and their sum is 40. Find the larger of two numbers
a) 15
b) 20
c) 25
d) 40
Answer: c
19. A sum of Rs 53 is divided among A, B, C in such a way that A gets Rs 7 more than what B
gets and B gets Rs 8 more than what C gets. The ratio of their shares is
a) 16:9:18
b) 25:18:10 c) 18:25:10 d) 15:8:30

Answer: b
20. If 10% of x = 20% of y, then x: y is equal to
a) 1:2
b) 2:1
c) 5:1
d) 10:1
Answer: b
21. The ages of A and B are in the ratio 3:1.Fifteen years hence, the ratio will be 2:1.Their
present ages are
a)30,10
b)45,15
c)21,7
d)60,20
Answer: b
Explanation: Let the numbers be 3x and x.
3 x 15 2

Then
x 15 1
x = 15.
Therefore, their present ages are 45, 15.
22. A sum of money is to be distributed among A, B, C, D in the proportion of 5 : 2 : 4 : 3. If C
gets Rs. 1000 more than D, what is B's share?
a) Rs. 500
b) Rs. 1500 c) Rs. 2000 d) None of these
Answer: c
Explanation:
Let the shares of A, B, C and D be Rs. 5x, Rs. 2x, Rs. 4x and Rs. 3x respectively.
Then, 4x - 3x = 1000
x = 1000.
B's share = Rs. 2x = Rs. (2 x 1000) = Rs. 2000
23. If 40% of a number is equal to two-third of another number, what is the ratio of first number
to the second number?
a) 2:5
b) 3:7
c) 5:3
d) 7:3
Answer: c
Explanation:
Let 40% of A =
Then,

2
B
3

40
2
A B
100
3

A : B = 5 : 3.
24. Seats for Mathematics, Physics and Biology in a school are in the ratio 5 : 7 : 8. There is a
proposal to increase these seats by 40%, 50% and 75% respectively. What will be the ratio of
increased seats?

A.2 : 3 : 4
B. 6 : 7 : 8
C. 6 : 8 : 9
D.None of these
Answer: a
Explanation:
Originally, let the number of seats for Mathematics, Physics and Biology be 5x, 7x and 8x
respectively.
Number of increased seats are (140% of 5x), (150% of 7x) and (175% of 8x).
140
150
175
x 5x ,
x 7x and
x 8x
100
100
100
21x
7x, and 14x.
2
21x
The required ratio = 7x : : 14x
2
14x : 21x : 28x
2 : 3 : 4.
25. A certain amount was divided between A and B in the ratio 4:3.If B's share was Rs 4800,the
total amount was
a)Rs 11,200 b)Rs 6,400
c)Rs 19,200 d)Rs 39,200
Answer: a
Given A: B = 4:3
B's share, 4800 =

3
Total amount Total amount = Rs. 11,200
7

Profit and Loss

1. Find Selling Price, when Cost Price = Rs 56.25 and Gain=20%
a) 60
b) 65
c) 67.5
d) 66.25
Answer: c
Explanation: 56.25 * 1.2 = 67.5
2. If the cost price is 96% of the selling price, then what is the profit percent?
a) 4.17%
Answer: a

b) 4%

c) 4.5%

d) none of these

Explanation: 4/96 * 100 = 4.17%

3. If the selling price doubled, the profit gets tripled then what is the profit percentage?
a) 33.33%

b) 10%

c) 50%

d) 100%

Answer: d
Explanation: C.P = x, S.P = y,
3(y-x) = 2y x,

y = 2x

Profit % = (2x-x/x)* 100 % = 100%

4. A discount dealer professes to sell his goods at cost price but uses a weight of 960 gms instead
of a Kg weight .Find his gain %?
a) 4.166 %

b) 2%

c) no gain

d) 5%

Answer: a
Explanation: gain % = ( Error/(True value error))*100% = 4.166%
5. If a radio is purchased for Rs 490 and sold for Rs 465.50, find the loss%?
a) 10 %
b) 2%
c) 5%
d) 3%
Answer: c
Explanation: Loss = 490 465.5 = 24.5 loss in % = 24.5/ 490 *100 = 5%
6. Swapna bought 15 apples for Rs.10 and sold them at the rate of 12 apples for Rs.12. What is
the percentage of profit made by her?
a) 100%
b) 150%
c) 125%
4) None of these
Answer: b
Explanation: She got profit => profit % = 15/10 X 12/12 = 1.5 => 50%.
7. Arun purchased a house for Rs.75000 and a site for Rs.15000 respectively, if he sold the house
for Rs.83000 and the site for Rs.10000, then find the resultant percentage of gain?
a) 3%
b) 31/3%
c) 30%
d) 331/3%
Answer: a
Explanation: Total CP = 90000 & total SP = 93000 => gain = SP/CP = 93000/90000 =1.0333 =
3.33%
8. The manufacturing cost of a watch is Rs.180 and the transportation lost is Rs.500 for 100
watches. What will be the selling price if it is sold at 20% gains
a) Rs.222
b) Rs.216
c) Rs.221
d) Rs.220
Answer: a

Explanation: Total cost of a watch = 180 + (500/100) = 185. Gain = 20% => SP = 1.2CP = 1.2
X 185 = 222
9. Sujan buys a binocular for Rs.1800 and sells it at 10% loss. Find its S.P.
a) Rs.1620
b) Rs.1730
c) Rs.1650
d) None
Answer: a
10. Mr.Shekar sold his bike for Rs.10500 at a profit of 5%. Find the C.P. of the bike.
a) Rs.10300
b) Rs.10700
c) Rs.10000 d) None
Answer: c
11. The cost price of 25 tables is same as the selling price of 20 tables. Find the Profit/Loss
percentage?
a) Profit 25%
b) Profit 20%
c) Loss 25%
d) Loss 20%
Answer: a
12. A dealer professes to sell his goods at cost price and uses an 880gm weight instead of a kg.
What is his percentage of gain?
a)13.13%
b) 13.33%
c) 13.36%
d) 13.63%
Answer: d
13. A Shop keeper sells an item at 20% profit and due to lake in demand he sells the remaining
items at 10% loss. Find the change in percentage?
a) 8% loss
b) 8 % profit c) 12% profit
d) 12% loss
Answer: b
Explanation: Change in percentage = (20-10- (200/100)) % = 8% profit
14. P sold an article for Rs.1080 thereby losing 10% Q sold another article for Rs.1800 at a loss
of 10%. Who incurred a greater loss?
a)P
b) Q
c) Cannot say
d) Both have equal
Answer: b
Explanation: For P, SP=1080 and loss=10% => CP = 1080/0.9 =1200 => loss = 1200-1080 =
120. For Q, SP=1800 and loss=10% => CP = 1800/0.9 = 2000 => loss = 2000-1800 = 200
15. The marked prices of two articles are in the ratio of 1:2, their discount percentages are also in
the ratio of 1:2 and the profit they get is also in the ratio of 1:2. What is the ratio of their cost
price
a)1:2 b) 5:8

c) 2:5

d) Cant be determined

Answer: d
Explanation: Without the knowledge of at least one of the prices the ratio of CPs cant be
determined
16. Find C.P when S.P=Rs 40.60, gain=16%?

a) 35
b) 45
c)55
Answer: a
Explanation : 40.6 *100/116 = 35

d)65

17. Kumar purchased an article for Rs.5200 and spent Rs.800 on its repair. He had to sell it for
Rs.5500. Find his profit or loss percentage.
a) 8.33 % loss
b) 8.33 % profit
c) 9% loss
d) None
Answer: a
Explanation: loss percentage = (6000-5500/6000)*100% = 8.33%
18. Raju buys a watch for Rs.350 and sells it for Rs.392. Find his profit percentage.
a) 9% b) 12%
c) 14%
d) None
Answer: b
Explanation: profit percentage = (42/350)*100% = 12%
19. If a radio is purchased for Rs 490 and sold for Rs 465.50 Find the loss%?
a) 10%
b) 2%
c)5%
d) None
Answer: c
Explanation: Loss = 490 465.5 = 24.5 24.5 / 490 * 100 = 5%
20. Find S.P when C.P=Rs 80.40, loss=5%
a) 76.38
b) 100%
c) 50%
d) 70%
Answer: a
Explanation: 80.4 * 95/100= 76.38