ABSTRACT

LED matrix display has become an important symbol of the city lighting, modernization and
information society with continuous improvement and beautification of people's living
environment.
Notice board is primary thing in any institution/organization or public utility places like bus
stations, railway stations and parks. But sticking various notice day-to-day is a very difficult
process. A separate person is required to take care of this notice displays. This project deals
about an advanced hi-tech notice board.
Matrix type displays is designed the AT89C52 Microcontroller from Atmel. This micro
controller provides all the functionality of the displays and control. It is also take care of
creating different displays effect of the given text.
Matrix type displays is designed using 5mm LED on a printed circuit board. A driver circuit is
designed to drive all these LEDs . a simple pc can be connected to this system to enter the
required text or notice. Several scrolling effects can be selected using functions of keyboard.
The scrolling speed of the text also can be changed according to the user requirement.
After entering the text. The user can disconnect the pc. At any time the user can add or remove
alter the text according to his requirement.
This project uses regulated 5V, 1A power supply. 7805 three terminal voltage regulator is used
for voltage regulation. Bridge type full wave rectifier is used to rectify the AC output of
secondary of 230/12V step-down transformer.

INTRODUCTION
Our aim is to build an automated wireless pantry order system using zigbee. We shall
provide each bogie/compartment with a microcontroller based order placement unit. The unit
shall have a keypad to browse through the menu. The menu items, their cost and information
shall be displayed on the Smart Notice Board connected to microcontroller. User can navigate
thorugh menu using keypad provided. The data for the menu can be written on an EEPROM
connected to each such microcontroller based unit, so that portable data updation is possible (by
changing only the EEPROM). Upon finalizing the order the user will be able to place it using
keypad. The order placed shall be transmitted to the central server (PC) which will also have a
zigbee module connected to it for data reception. Multiple such slave units can be installed; one
in each compartment and so on.

Here is the project that I made on 34 pieces but here just for a sample I am driving it on 4
pieces of 8*8. I use 34 pieces of 7*5 sizes at that time. But basic idea behind it is same that is
multiplexing.
For 34 pieces multiplexing ICs increases and if pieces are so big then for better
brightness we can use NPN transistor array like ULN2803. Here for driving rows I use also
pnp logic array UDN2981 that transfer power to row when controller logic is 1 and no power
when logic is 0.
UDN2981 max supply input is 15 volt. so it can maximum transfer almost 14 to 15 volt
to the rows but red leds enough bright on 5 volt . dot matrix pieces are also multicolor
normally red and green in one package so for driving green leds logic is same as for reds but
that need some high power as compare to red so raise the supply of UDN2981. UDN2981 can
also be replaced by a 8 pnp transistor to use it as a switch.
This project can be used as a digital notice board in university it has a pc interface so
message can be updated to it and on power failure it remain in it because EEPROM is used in
this project . EEPROM is AT 24C16 serial EEPROM having 2048 bytes.

BLOCK DIAGRAM
Transmitter

Receiver

Working

The ZigBee module on PC is interfaced to computer using serial port via

microcontroller.

A ZigBee module requires only three wires to interface with any serial device may it be a
microcontroller or a PC. Those are Serial Transmit Tx, Serial Receive Rx, and Serial
Ground (GND).

The remote module consists of a microcontroller based system with an 8X8 Dot matrix
Display, EEPROM to save menu options and a ZigBee module to interface with central
computer ZigBee module.

On PC side MAX232 is used in between microcontroller and PC to convert PC side voltage

levels to microcontroller side and vice versa

METHODOLOGY
ZigBee
ZigBee is a specification for a suite of high level communication protocols using small,
low-power digital radios based on the IEEE 802.15.4-2003 standard for wireless home area
networks (WHANs), such as wireless light switches with lamps, electrical meters with in-homedisplays, consumer electronics equipment via short-range radio. The technology defined by the
ZigBee specification is intended to be simpler and less expensive than other WPANs, such as
Bluetooth. ZigBee is targeted at radio-frequency (RF) applications that require a low data rate,
long battery life, and secure networking.

Features:

3.3V @ 40mA
250kbps Max data rate

2mW output (+3dBm)

400ft (120m) range

Built-in antenna

Fully FCC certified

6 10-bit ADC input pins

8 digital IO pins

128-bit encryption

Local or over-air configuration

AT or API command set

Serial Communication
Serial communication is a technique of transmitting data between two pieces of hardware. The
smallest piece of data that is transmitted is the byte. A byte is made up of 8 bits. When data is
transmitted between two pieces of hardware, the bits are sent one at a time. The hardware sends
these bits by sending varying voltages across the wires connecting the devices. The sender and
the receiver agree on how often a bit (or voltage level) will be sent.

How often a bit will be sent is referred to as baud rate or bits per second (bps). Then with the
help of very precise clocks they can send a series of voltage levels between each other and then
reassmble these voltage levels into bytes.

Zigbee Overview
ZigBee is a low-cost, low-power, wireless mesh networking standard. First, the low cost allows
the technology to be widely deployed in wireless control and monitoring applications. Second,
the low power-usage allows longer life with smaller batteries. Third, the mesh networking
provides high reliability and more extensive range. The ZigBee Alliance is an association of
companies working together to enable reliable, cost-effective, and low-power wirelessly
networked monitoring and control products based on an open global standard. As per its main
role, it standardizes the body that defines ZigBee, and also publishes application profiles that
allow multiple OEM vendors to create interoperable products.

Why ZigBee?
Reliable
Supports large number of nodes
Easy to deploy
Very long battery life
Secure
Low cost
Can be used globally

Microcontroller
The AT89C51 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcomputer with 4
Kbytes of Flash Programmable and Erasable Read Only Memory (PEROM). The device
is manufactured using Atmels high density nonvolatile memory technology and is
compatible with the industry standard MCS-51 instruction set and pinout.
The on-chip Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed in-system or by a
conventional nonvolatile memory programmer. By combining a versatile 8-bit CPU with
Flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmel AT89C51 is a powerful microcomputer which
provides a highly flexible and cost effective solution to many embedded control
applications.

Features
Compatible with MCS-51 Products
4 Kbytes of In-System Reprogrammable Flash Memory. Endurance 1,000 Write/Erase
Cycles
Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 24 MHz
Three-Level Program Memory Lock
128 x 8-Bit Internal RAM
32 Programmable I/O Lines
Two 16-Bit Timer/Counters
Six Interrupt Sources
Programmable Serial Channel
Low Power Idle and Power Down Modes

APPLICATIONS

Activity schedules

Internal communication

Promotion of events

Canteen menus

Health and Safety

Performance feedback

Community development

Room Scheduling

Evacuation procedures

Local instant messaging

Restaurants

Hotels,

Stadiums,

Cafes,

Where quick service establishments.

REFERENCE
http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/robot.htm
http://www.seas.upenn.edu/~meam100/hando...botics.pdf
http://engineering-ed.org/Robotics/documents
http://www.site.uottawa.ca/~rabielmo/miniCourse