Department of Mercantile Law

Departement Handelsreg
BER 310/410 Business Law/Besigheidsreg
Supplementary Examination / Hereksamen
3 July / Julie 2013
Time / Tyd: 60 minutes
Marks / Punte: 25
Internal examiners / Interne eksaminatore:
CT Chokuda / H Coetzee
Internal modertor / Interne moderator: T Morajane

INSTRUCTIONS / INSTRUKSIES
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Answer all the questions / Beantwoord al die vrae.

Write legibly / Skryf leesbaar.
Number your answers correctly / Nommer u antwoorde korrek.
Give reasons for statements you make / Verskaf redes vir stellings wat u maak.
No tippex may be used / Geen tippex mag gebruik word nie.

BUSINESS ENTITIES / ONDERNEMINGSVORME [15]

QUESTION 1 / VRAAG 1 (4 marks / 4 punte)

List the essentialia of a partnership agreement. / Lys die essentialia van n
vennootskapsooreenkoms.

QUESTION 2 / VRAAG 2 (3 marks / 3 punte)

List three statutory remedies provided for in the Companies Act of 2008. / Lys drie
statutre remedies waarvoor die Maatskappywet van 2008 voorsiening maak.

QUESTION 3 / VRAAG 3 (1 marks / 1 punte)

Explain the solvency and liquidity test. / Verduidelik die solvensie- en likiditeitstoets.

QUESTION 4 / VRAAG 4 (4 marks / 4 punte)

Archie and Stan graduated with law degrees from the University of Pretoria six
years ago. During those six years they completed their articles and earned
experience working as attorneys in big law firms. Now the two want to strike it on
their own and they plan to form a company through which they can pursue their
professional careers as attorneys while making money for themselves. / Archie en
Stan het ses jaar gelede met regsgrade aan die Universiteit van Pretoria gegradueer.
Gedurende die afgelope ses jaar het hul hul leerklerskap voltooi en ervaring as prokureurs
in groot firmas opgedoen. Die twee wil nou op hul eie voortgaan en beplan om n

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maatskappy te stig waardeur hul hul professionle beroepe as prokureurs kan voortsit
deur vir eie rekening te praktiseer.

Discuss the specific type and key characteristics of the company provided for in the
Companies Act of 2008 that would best suit Archie and Stans purposes in this
case. / Bespreek die besondere tipe en die sleutel kenmerke van die mees gepaste
maatskappy vir Archie en Stan se doeleindes waarvoor die Maatskappywet van 2008
voorsiening maak.

QUESTION 5 / VRAAG 5 (3 marks / 3 punte)

A close corporation is a juristic person and, as such, it offers the advantage of
limited liability for its members. However, the Close Corporations Act of 1984
provides for certain instances in which the member(s) of a close corporation will be
held jointly and severally liable for the debts of the close corporation together with
the corporation. List any three such instances. / n Beslote korporasie is n
regspersoon wat sodanig die voordeel van beperkte aanspreeklikheid aan lede bied. Die
Wet op Beslote Korporasies van 1984 bepaal egter dat n lid (lede) in sekere
omstandighede gesamentlik en afsonderlik tesame met die beslote korporasie vir die
skulde van die beslote korporasie aanpreeklik gehou kan word. Lys enige drie van hierdie
gevalle.

ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION / ALTERNATIEWE GESKILBESLEGTING

LABOUR LAW / ARBEIDSREG [10]

QUESTION 6 / VRAAG 6 (3 marks / 3 punte)

Mr Smith had a dispute with ABC Ltd concerning goods that he supplied to the
company. The dispute was referred to arbitration as per the arbitration agreement
between Mr Smith and ABC Ltd. Unfortunately the arbitrators decision went against
Mr Smith. Naturally Mr Smith is not satisfied with the arbitral award and is considering taking action to have the award set aside by applying for a review thereof. Answer the following questions: / Mnr. Smith het n geskil met ABC Bpk met betrekking tot
goedere wat hy aan die maatskappy gelewer het. Die geskil is vir arbitrasie verwys soos
ingevolge die arbitrasie-ooreenkoms tussen Mnr. Smith en die maatskappy. Die arbiter het
ongelukkig teen Mnr. Smith besluit. Mnr. Smith is natuurlik nie met die arbitrasiebevel

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tevrede nie en oorweeg om aksie in te stel ten einde die bevel ter syde te stel deur vir
hersiening aansoek te doen. Beantwoord die volgende vrae:

6.1

State two statutory grounds upon which Mr Smith can possibly have the
award set aside by the courts. / Noem twee statutre gronde waarop Mnr. Smith
moontlik die toekenning deur n hof tersyde kan laat stel. (2)

6.2

What is the time limit within which he would have to take this step? / Wat is
die tydsbeperking waarbinne hy hierdie stap sal moet neem? (1)

QUESTION 7 / VRAAG 7 (4 marks / 4 punte)

Mr Davel is an employee in the employ of Sondo Construction Inc. He was negligent
in the performance of his duties in that he mixed the cement that was used in the
construction of a parking lot incorrectly. The structure collapsed and Ms Pillay was
seriously injured. Advise Ms Pillay whether, and on what basis, she can hold Sondo
Construction Inc liable for her injuries. Advise her further regarding the requirements that have to be met for her to succeed. / Mnr. Davel is n werknemer van Sondo
Construction Genk. Hy was nalatig in die uitvoering van sy verpligtinge deurdat hy nie die
sement wat gebruik is in die oprigting van n parkeerterrein korrek gemeng het nie. Die
stuktuur het inmekaargestort en Me. Pillay is ernstig beseer. Adviseer Me. Pillay of en op
welke basis sy Sondo Construction Genk vir haar beserings aanspreeklik kan hou. Adviseer haar ook ten aansien van die vereistes waaraan sy moet voldoen ten einde
suksesvol te wees.

QUESTION 8 / VRAAG 8 (3 marks / 3 punte)

In order to provide more clarity in all the confusion surrounding the term employee the Labour Relations Act of 1995 has, in section 200A, provided rebuttable presumptions, regardless of the form of the contract, about whether a person is to be
regarded as an employee or not. The Act provides that a person who works for or
renders services to any other person is presumed, until the contrary is provided, to
be an employee if any one or more specific factors are present. Name three of these
factors. / Ten einde meer duidelikheid te bewerkstellig ten opsigte van al die verwarring
en probleme wat met die begrip werknemer verband hou en daaruit voortspruit, het
artikel 200A van die Wet op Arbeidsverhoudinge van 1995 weerlegbare vermoedens geskep wat bepaal dat n persoon wat vir n ander persoon dienste lewer, ongeag die vorm
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van die kontrak, n werknemer is indien een of meer besondere faktore aanwesig is. Noem
drie van hierdie faktore.
TOTAL / TOTAAL: [25]

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