1, Principle of Utility: The principle that you should act that you yield

the greatest happiness for the greatest number.

2, Mill defines Happiness = Experience of Pleasure and Absence of Pain
3, Maxim (Kant) = a Subjective, Motivating Principle
4, a priori (Kant): independent of/ without experience
-> Morality is independent of experience for Kant. Kant uses reason to
find out about morality.
5, autonomy >< heteronomy
- Autonomy: self-legislation of the will/ self-rule: independence/
freedom. You can guide and choose your actions.
- Heteronomy: exterior causes: authority/ religious doctrines/ our
inclinations and desires
6, Kingdom of Ends: Imagined world where everyone is treated as an
end. This is an ideal of regulative. It is not going to be achieved, but we
should think of kingdom of ends when making policies/ regulations ->
aim at it.
7, What is enlightenment? How Kant defines it: Man's emergence from
self-imposed immaturity. Become enlightened is using reason, not just
following traditions.
- Public >< Private Uses of Reasons
8, Kant's transcendental move: Kant turns away from experience/ how
we are structuring experience -> There are conditions that must be in
place -> comprehensible experiences -> Organize things in space and
time. We find causality for experience
Kant's transcendental move -> Engage thinking person as organizing
experience. Move to examine ourselves -> how we are contributing to
experience.
9, Antinomy of Freedom and Determinism (Kant):
- Antinomy: Conflict between ideas that are mutually exclusive and
independently verifiable.
- Freedom is autonomy/ the ability to be the cause of an action. The
power/ freedom to choose to act in accordance with the laws.
- Determinism: We are influenced by chemical/ psychological makeups,
need for thrills, natural forces -> act certain ways -> We are not able to
freely choose.
-> Resolution of this conflict:
What is the part that we are contributing to experiences?

We put things within deterministic relationships: Event A -> Event B.

Nothings forces that. We put things in causal relationships.
He asserts that we are free on a metaphysical level. We still have room
to see ourselves as the true cause for our actions.
10, noumena: things in themselves >< phenomena: appearance of
things
11, architectonics: Kant's organization of idea
12, Sympathy -> moral actions for Mill?
- Sympathy is like an internal sanction.
- If you have sympathy, you can feel pain/ pleasure of other people ->
Motivating force to realize their happiness.
- Sympathy can limit moral actions. We sympathize with people who
are close to us: Family/ Geography/ Culture. Sympathy might not lead
to greatest happiness. We are more limited to things close to us.