ILF-SPC-SRT-EL-809-0 Earthing and Lightning Protection - Specification PDF

ILF-SPC-SRT-EL-809-0
THE HASHEMITE KINGDOM OF JORDAN

MINISTRY OF ENERGY AND MINERAL
RESOURCES
Amman Strategic Reserve

Terminal for Petroleum Products
EARTHING AND LIGHTNING
PROTECTION SPECIFICATION
07.11.2013
ILF CONSULTING ENGINEERS
Werner-Eckert-Str. 7, 81829 Munich,

GERMANY
Phone: +49-89-25 55 94 - 0
Fax:
+49-89-25 55 94 - 144
E-mail: info.muc@ilf.com
A m m a n S t r a t e g i c R e s e r ve T e r m i n a l for Petroleum Products

E a r t h i n g and Lightning
Protection Specification
07.11.2013
REVISION
7.11.2013 Approved
V.S.
P.B.
S. B.
4.10.2013 Issue for Review
V.S.
P.B.
S. B.
12.09.2013 Issue for IDC
V.S.
P.B.
S. B.
Prepared
Checked
Approved
Rev.
Date
Issue, Modification
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2013

07.11.2013
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1
GENERAL
1.1
Purpose of the Document
DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS
2.1
Definition
2.2
Abbreviations
STANDARDS
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
EARTHING SYSTEM
5.1
General
5.2
Soil Conditions
5.3
Design Requirements
5.4
Earthing Material
5.5
Installation of Earthing System
5.5.1
Main Earthing Grid
5.5.2
Foundation Earthing
5.5.3
Outdoor Connecting Terminals
5.5.4
Indoor Connecting Terminals
10
5.5.5
Buildings and Supports, Steel Structures
10
5.5.6
Transformers
10
5.5.7
Switchgears, Sub-Distribution Boards
11
5.5.8
Power Consumers
11
5.5.9
Cables and Junction Boxes
11
5.5.10 Instruments
11
5.5.11 Towers 12
5.5.12 Pipes
12
5.5.13 Fence, Lighting Poles

5.5.14 Risers
12
5.5.15 Surge Arrestors

6
12
12
LIGHTNING PROTECTION
13
6.1
13
General
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6.2
Air Termination Network
13
6.3
Natural Lightning Conductors
13
6.4
Mesh-Type Termination Network
14
6.5
Lightning Rods
14
6.6
Down Conductors
14
MARKING AND LABELLING
15
TESTS
15
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
16
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GENERAL
1.1
Purpose of the Document
07.11.2013
This document covers the requirements for design, construction, installation, testing and
commissioning of earthing and lightning protection system in the new Amman Strategic
Reserve Terminal for Petroleum Products.
DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS
2.1
Definition
In the present document the following definitions were used. Their meaning is explained
in the table below.
2.2
Definition
Explanation
Client
MEMR - Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources
Engineer
The engineering company entrusted with the project

management and construction supervision of the project
(ILF Beratende Ingenieure GmbH, Munchen).
Contractor
The company or group of companies entrusted by the

Client with Engineering, Procurement and Construction of
the project.
Terminal
The whole terminal within the limits defined on the Station

Layout Plan.
Abbreviations
Abbreviation
Explanation
LV
Low Voltage
LPS
Lightning Protection System
IEC
International Electrotechnical Commission
API, NEC
American Petroleum Institute, National Electrical Code
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STANDARDS
The design, manufacturing, construction, installation, test and commissioning of earthing
and LPS shall be in accordance with the IEC/API and ISO standards.
The following standards shall be applied, at least:
API RP 540
Electrical Installations in Petroleum Processing Plants
API RP 500
Explosion proof equipment in hazardous areas to suit area

classification.
94/9/EG (ATEX 95)
Equipment and protective systems intended for use in

potentially explosive atmospheres
IEC 60364
Electrical installations of buildings
IEC 61024
Protection of structures against lightning
IEC 61312
Protection against lightning electromagnetic impulse
As far as the energy provider or permits of other authorities require additional codes and
standards, respectively impose additional requirements, these are also part of the contract.
In the case of the conflict between the various codes, standards and order, the most
stringent of the requirements shall generally govern. The Contractor shall refer any such
conflict and any other matter to the attention of the Engineer and Clients, whose interpretation shall be final.
All conflicts between the requirements of this specification, contract documents, data
sheets, or drawings shall be referred to Engineer for clarification before proceeding with
the fabrication of the affected parts.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
The components for earthing and LPS has to be designed and constructed for continuous operation at full load under the climatic and environmental conditions as described in
the specification Design and Construction of Power Supply Systems.
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EARTHING SYSTEM
5.1
General
07.11.2013
To achieve equipotential bonding and satisfactory grounding properties, the terminal

shall be equipped with a meshed earthing network. All exposed conductive parts or elements of the station systems will be connected to this network. The earthing systems of
the various locations are part of the protection systems for electrical power supply, instrumentation, control and supervisory system.
The earthing system consists of the main earthing grid, the earthing rods, the building
foundation earthing and the equipment earthing.
5.2
Soil Conditions
Before design and installation of the earthing network the actual soil conditions in the station areas must be determined by adequate soil resistance measurements.
5.3
Design Requirements
The earth resistance of the overall interconnected terminal earthing network shall not exceed 1 . In case, this value cant be met, additional vertical grounding rods shall be installed.
The required conductor spacing, the total length of the earthing grid and the required
earthing material cross-section shall be calculated under consideration of the maximum
earth fault current, to maintain touch and step voltages within reasonable limits. The impedance of the fault current path and protective devices shall be chosen that the faulted
circuit will be disconnected from the supply within the required time. A respective earthing calculation with report shall be performed for the terminal and is to be submitted to
the Client for approval.
Multiple connections of earthing conductors shall only be carried out above ground. For
these connections the respective earthing bars are to be installed. Extensions of single
earthing conductors can be permitted below ground under use of compression connectors or welding connections, with repair painting and protective coating of the connection
point.
All connections of conductors on equipment shall be performed with pressure type lugs
or connectors and threaded bolts, screws, spring-washers and washers. Special care
must be taken to avoid galvanic corrosion of dissimilar metals. Especially bare steel and
copper connections shall be installed above ground using special bimetallic connectors.
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Connections between bare copper and iron parts must be protected in a special manner
and shall only be executed on above-ground connection points (earthing bars) or inside
of pits.
5.4
Earthing Material
The material and minimum dimension shall be selected in conformity with the relevant
standards. The earthing network shall consist of copper rope, stainless steel conductors,
earthing and potential equalisation bars, earthing rods, copper cable and fastening / connection parts.
For the different application the following materials with the minimum measures shall be
provided:
Main earthing grid, directly buried
Main earthing grid, directly buried stainless

steel strip or wire (30x4 / 8mm)
Earthing rods
Stainless steel rod, 20 mm, minimum

length 3 m
Earthing bars
Stainless steel bar, 50 x 5 mm, minimum

length 300 mm
Potential equalisation bars, within buildings
Copper, 10 x 10 mm, minimum length 200

mm, with cover
Foundation earthing
Stainless steel strip/wire (30x4 / 8mm)
Earthing ring within buildings, on the wall in earthing / potential equalisation bars contubes
nected with PVC insulated copper cables
with minimum cross section of 50 mm
Connection between inner and outer earth- Copper cable, minimum cross section
ing ring of buildings
50 mm
Earthing terminals for connections to con- Copper cable, minimum cross section
crete foundation earthing
50 mm
Equipment connections
Copper cable or insulated copper cable,

cross section of 50, 35 or 16 mm, depending on type of installation
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5.5
Installation of Earthing System
5.5.1
Main Earthing Grid
07.11.2013
The main earthing grid of a mashed earthing network consists of earthing conductors,
earthing rods and the connections between each earthing system.
The conductors for main earthing grid shall be laid at least 0.5 m below final grade in
natural soil. For combined laying of earthing conductors and other cables in the same
trench the conductors need to be surrounded with compacted material prior to sand bedding.
For each building, base plate or pan which is protected against lightning - a surrounding
earthing loop must be provided. Earthing conductors of loops shall be laid 1.0 m below
ground in sections connected via earthing bars.
Earthing rods shall be installed in sufficient number to reduce the effective earth resistance (if necessary). The earthing rods shall be driven into the ground and sheltered
by a suitable precast pit. The connection to the main earthing grid shall be performed inside the pit by compression connectors or screwed connection terminals.
5.5.2
Foundation Earthing
For foundation earthing a closed loop of stainless steel strip shall be laid into the concrete foundations of outer building walls. Larger buildings (e.g. pump houses, electrical
buildings, office buildings, etc.) are to be equipped with additional cross-connection to
achieve a meshed network.
The reinforcement must be connected at suitable points by welding and shall be connected at least every 10 m to the foundation earthing loop or cross-connections. For
connection to inside and outside of the buildings adequate earthing terminals shall be installed.
5.5.3
Outdoor Connecting Terminals

The outdoor connecting terminals on the foundation earthing are surface connections for
conductor of the lightning protection main earthing system.
The following distances shall be observed:
buildings containing control systems,

and inside hazardous areas
approx. 10 m
other buildings and shafts approx.
20 m
In each case, for buildings and shafts a minimum of two connection terminals shall be
provided. The connecting terminals on the foundation earthing shall be embedded in
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concrete and the outlets should be located above ground. The connecting lugs shall be
connected to earthing bars.
5.5.4
Indoor Connecting Terminals

The indoor foundation earthing terminals are provided for equipotential bonding of
equipment and conductive installations.
All buildings and rooms containing power supply/distribution facilities and control systems, or process installations shall be provided with indoor earthing terminals. The quantity of earthing terminals depends on size of structure and the equipment placed in the
respective building or room.
In the case of multiple connections in the vicinity of a single earthing terminal an additional equipotential earthing bars shall be provided. Earthing bars must be installed such
that easy access for inspection and maintenance is possible.
5.5.5
Buildings and Supports, Steel Structures

All foundations and shafts shall be equipped with foundation earthing. Small foundations
for lighting poles, earthing bars or electrical equipment (switches, socket outlets etc.) and
small concrete supports do not need foundation earthing.
Each building, base foundation etc which is protected against lightning or is provided with
an equipotential bonding system shall be provided with a earthing loop surrounding the
structure at a distance of 1 m and a depth of at least 0.5 m.
Earthing bars shall be used for the connection between loops and foundation earthing of
buildings, steel structures and shafts. Earthing bars shall be installed every 10 or 20 m
respectively at the outlet-points of foundation earthing terminals in a height of min.
0.35 m above ground level. Internal loops or internal equipotential bus bars shall be connected to the outside earthing bars at suitable points via separate cables.
Steel structures have to be welded or screwed together in a manner such that a good
conductivity of these connections is ensured. Each steel supporting pillar or stack is to be
connected to the earthing system.
For earthing connection of equipment inside of buildings PVC insulated copper conductor
shall be laid into cable ducts or conduits, on cable trays, or direct wall mounted with
clamps depending on equipment type and location.
5.5.6
Transformers
Power transformer steel tanks, transport rails and foundation steel structures have to be
connected to the corresponding earthing network.
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The connection of the neutral or star-point of the transformers to the earthing network
depends on the general system earthing of the various voltage levels. The neutral/starpoint connection for each transformer must be placed at an individually identified
and easy accessible terminal.
5.5.7
Switchgears, Sub-Distribution Boards

All switchgear protective earthing bus bars must be connected twice to the building
earthing or equipotential bonding system. For distribution boards a single connection is
sufficient.
Furthermore, each cabinet, cubical, enclosure or frames of a switchgear, distribution
board, or control unit shall be connected to the earthing system. If a cabinet consists of
more than one field, and if all neighbouring cabinets are conductively linked to each other
than earthing of the outer units is sufficient.
5.5.8
Power Consumers
All motors, generators, valve actuators, ventilators and other power consumers shall be
connected to the earthing network with the earthing conductor of their feeding power cable.
In addition the power consumer casings and/or their steel base frames shall be connected to the earthing network by separate copper cable.
5.5.9
Cables and Junction Boxes

In each cable jointing box the earthing conductor of the two cables has to be joined.
When using metal sleeves, the earthing conductor shall be connected to the sleeve casing, too.
Medium voltage cables have to be connected with their screens or shields to the earthing
terminal in the equipment terminal box and in the switchgear.
The metal screens or shields of the power, control and instrument cables have to be
connected with the earthing conductor. For instrument circuits the earthing conductor
and screen shall be connected with one side only, preferably in the instrument cabinet or
marshaling rack. Inside of junction boxes the screens and shields are to be interconnected.
Unused cores of the cables shall be earthed on both sides.
5.5.10
Instruments
Earthing network shall be brought to each instrument position. Maximum distance of the
earthning strip with the connection point shall be 1 meter from the instrument or instru-
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07.11.2013
ment stand. Instrument and instrument stand shall be connected to earthing strip via independent earthing conductor.
5.5.11
Towers
The steel structures of towers have to be welded or screwed together in a manner such
that conductivity of these connections is ensured. Each tower must be connected at two
points to the station earthing network. For remote towers a suitable earthing system must
be provided.
5.5.12
Pipes
Above ground pipes outside of buildings do not call for separate earthing systems but
shall have adequate conductive joints to pipe support structures.
At entries into buildings or shafts each metallic pipe shall be connected with the earthing
system.
5.5.13
Fence, Lighting Poles

Each lighting pole and mast shall be connected to the station earthing system. For termination with the buried part of earthing grid a multiple underground connection is allowed,
which is to be provided following the procedure for earthing conductor extensions.
In general, station fences will not be connected to the earthing system. Outdoor fences
surrounding a medium voltage installation shall be connected to the earthing network
every 30 - 40 metres and at least at two locations.
5.5.14
Risers
All conductors rising from below ground shall be protected with rigid nonmetallic, heavy
duty conduits for approx. 0.5 m below and 0.3 above ground. The conduits have to be
sealed with durable sealing compound and must be fixed on foundations, structures, etc.
Rising earthing steel strips do not require conduits. Nevertheless, steel strips shall be
isolated 0.3 m below and above ground using heat shrink tubing or equivalent isolation
material.
5.5.15
Surge Arrestors
For all equipment, which might be affected by lightning shocks, the necessary protection
measures shall be provided. Surge arrestors shall be provided in order to protect the
sensitive equipment and instruments (this applies in particular to electrical equipment,
field instrument circuits, station and unit control system, telecommunication system and
radio equipment).
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LIGHTNING PROTECTION
6.1
General
07.11.2013
All buildings, towers and other high structures of the stations must be protected against
lightning and electrostatic discharges by means of a lightning protection system.
The lightning system consists of lightning rods (air terminals), lightning conductors and
down conductors from steinless steel wire (10 mm) and the necessary fixing, connection and termination elements.
The lightning protection systems of the several buildings and structures are to be connected with the earthing system via the earthing bars of these buildings or structures.
Shafts shall not be equipped with separate lightning protection. All outer metallic parts
will be connected either with the internal potential equalisation bars or the earthing bars
at outside.
All connections between the different parts of lightning protection systems and the connections to the earthing system must be performed in a manner such that the arising galvanic corrosion of dissimilar metals will be avoided.
So called Active LPS is not allowed.
6.2
Air Termination Network

The air termination network shall be determined in accordance with the lightning ball
method.
The network may comprise a combination of the following components:
6.3
Lightning conductors
Lightning rods
Natural Lightning Conductors

Metal cladding, metal roof structures, metal components of roof structures, gutters and
railings may be considered as natural components of lightning conductors.
The requirements of the standards, such as the following, have to be considered:
Permanent conductive bonding of all parts
Minimum thickness of the metal involved
Cross-sections of the parts.
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Installations with metal casings meeting above-mentioned minimum requirements do not

require the installation of additional lightning conductor.
Protective coatings or insulation between metal parts shall be electrically bridged.
6.4
Mesh-Type Termination Network

Buildings shall be provided with mesh-type termination network. No part of the roof shall
be more than 5 m from air termination conductor.
The maximum permitted mesh size is as follows:
Buildings with telecommunication or control rooms 10 x 10 m
Buildings within hazardous areas 10 x 10 m
Other buildings 10 x 20 m
Protruding roof superstructures, such as ladders, chimney stacks pipes, antenna mounting brackets, etc. and other metallic parts of buildings which are located near the roof
(e.g. louvers of ventilation openings) must be directly connected to the lightning conductors.
6.5
Lightning Rods
Lightning rods shall be used for roof superstructures featuring mechanically or electrically
operated equipment, such as ventilators and non-conductive parts projecting from the
mesh plane by 0.3 m. The angle of protection and a certain minimum distance have to be
observed.
Outdoor electrical facilities for HVAC or other purposes not located in the protected area
of earthed structures, installations or buildings, including exposed electrical equipment
shall be protected by collectors.
Buildings with sheet metal roofs where the thickness of the sheet is smaller as the required value, the lightning conductor termination network must be equipped with rods of
sufficient quantity and length to avoid lightning strokes in the sheet metal.
6.6
Down Conductors
Down conductors shall be selected in a manner such that there are several parallel current paths between the air terminals and the earthing system. The length of each down
conductor is to be kept as short as possible.
Steel structures and steel stacks or pillars of buildings may be used as down conductor,
if the minimum cross-sections and thickness meet all standards. In each case the connections with the earthing system and down conductor must be visible and removable.
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07.11.2013
Starting from the corners of the structure all down conductors should be evenly spaced.
They should be routed as directly as possible from the air termination network to the
earth termination network. The minimum distance between conductors and
doors/windows shall be 0.5 m.
If not already connected with the air termination network or equipotential bonding system, larger metal parts mounted in/on the building outer walls (e.g. frames of doors, ventilation louvers) shall be connected with the down conductors.
The number of down conductors and the minimum distance between the conductors is
given as follows:
1.
2.
3.
Buildings containing telecommunication and control systems:
minimum number of conductors: 4
maximum distance between conductors: 10 m
Buildings within hazardous areas:
Other buildings:
All down conductors which are connected to the earthing system must be provided with
an accessible test clamp for measuring purposes. For termination the earthing bars of
earthing loops shall be used.
MARKING AND LABELLING

All earthing bars, terminating steel strips and earthing cables shall be individually identified and labeled.
Engraved hard plastic/inox labels shall be used to identify earth bars and steel strips, durable cable markers shall be used for earthing cables. Earth bars shall be numbered according to the drawings, steel strips and cables will be numbered according their destination.
TESTS
After erection of the earthing and lightning protection system, all installations shall be
tested in accordance with applicable regulations and standards.
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The following tests shall be carried out:
Measurements of corrosive currents
Check of all joints and connections
Measurements of earthing system resistance
Measurements of lightning protection system conductivity
Check of mechanical details
Compliance with specifications
The aim of the tests is to ensure the proper function of the complete scope.
The measuring results and the locations of the measuring points have to be indicated in
respective drawings as a basis for future measurements. Final test records and drawings
shall be summarized in a single test document which has to be delivered along with the
documentation.
The following data shall be included into test records:
Client
Contractor (Testing)
Equipment tested
Type of test point
Test equipment (including range etc.)
Date
Notes
Date for repair/removal of deficiencies
Proper completion of works and compliance with all standards shall be certified. All final
certificates shall be provided necessary for authority permission of the installation.
All installation which are vital for safe operation of the equipment and installation shall be
shown to the client to proof function, reliability and general plant safety.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
For documentation requirements, shipping instructions, spare parts policy refer to document: Design and Construction of Power Supply Systems - Specification.
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ILF-SPC-SRT-EL-809-0

THE HASHEMITE KINGDOM OF JORDAN

Amman Strategic Reserve

ILF CONSULTING ENGINEERS

Werner-Eckert-Str. 7, 81829 Munich,

A m m a n S t r a t e g i c R e s e r ve T e r m i n a l for Petroleum Products

4.10.2013 Issue for Review

12.09.2013 Issue for IDC

ILF CONSULTING ENGINEERS

A m m a n S t r a t e g i c R e s e r ve T e r m i n a l for Petroleum Products

Purpose of the Document

DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS

Installation of Earthing System

Main Earthing Grid

Outdoor Connecting Terminals

Indoor Connecting Terminals

Buildings and Supports, Steel Structures

Switchgears, Sub-Distribution Boards

Cables and Junction Boxes

5.5.13 Fence, Lighting Poles

5.5.15 Surge Arrestors

ILF CONSULTING ENGINEERS

A m m a n S t r a t e g i c R e s e r ve T e r m i n a l for Petroleum Products

Air Termination Network

Natural Lightning Conductors

Mesh-Type Termination Network

MARKING AND LABELLING

ILF CONSULTING ENGINEERS

A m m a n S t r a t e g i c R e s e r ve T e r m i n a l for Petroleum Products

Purpose of the Document

DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS

MEMR - Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources

The engineering company entrusted with the project

The company or group of companies entrusted by the

The whole terminal within the limits defined on the Station

Lightning Protection System

International Electrotechnical Commission

American Petroleum Institute, National Electrical Code

ILF CONSULTING ENGINEERS

A m m a n S t r a t e g i c R e s e r ve T e r m i n a l for Petroleum Products

Electrical Installations in Petroleum Processing Plants

Explosion proof equipment in hazardous areas to suit area

94/9/EG (ATEX 95)

Equipment and protective systems intended for use in

Electrical installations of buildings

Protection of structures against lightning

Protection against lightning electromagnetic impulse

ILF CONSULTING ENGINEERS

A m m a n S t r a t e g i c R e s e r ve T e r m i n a l for Petroleum Products

To achieve equipotential bonding and satisfactory grounding properties, the terminal

ILF CONSULTING ENGINEERS

A m m a n S t r a t e g i c R e s e r ve T e r m i n a l for Petroleum Products

Main earthing grid, directly buried stainless

Stainless steel rod, 20 mm, minimum

Stainless steel bar, 50 x 5 mm, minimum

Potential equalisation bars, within buildings

Copper, 10 x 10 mm, minimum length 200

Stainless steel strip/wire (30x4 / 8mm)

ILF CONSULTING ENGINEERS

Copper cable or insulated copper cable,

A m m a n S t r a t e g i c R e s e r ve T e r m i n a l for Petroleum Products

Installation of Earthing System

Main Earthing Grid