ENZYME

An enzyme is a biological catalyst produce by an organism that catalyzes the

biochemical reaction. Mainly enzymes are proteins (chain of amino acids covalently linked)
enzymes are those proteins which have catalytic activity.
Enzymatic reaction and Terminology
In these reactions the molecules at the beginning of the process are called substrates and
enzymes convert these substrates in to products. Enzyme increases the rate of reaction by
lowering its activation energy.
General example of enzymatic reaction
A+ B

A &B: Reactant
C:

Product

A+B + E

C+E

E: enzyme
In the above equation the E acts as Enzyme which catalyze the biochemical reaction
and the molecule A&B act as substrate. In product the enzyme is same as in the reactant because
enzyme not change or consumed in the reaction.
Reaction Specification
Enzymes are reaction specific a specific enzyme can react with a specific substrate to
catalyze a biochemical reaction. Enzymes are work like a lock and key a specific key can open a
specific lock similar in the case of enzymes. Enzyme fit with substrate like lock and key.

Enzyme Molecular Structure

Enzymes are molecules made of protein. They have e a globular 3 dimensional structure.

Enzyme is usually much larger than their substrates.

How do enzymes work?

The enzyme works by binding a specific chemical reactant to its active site, causing the substrate
to become unstable and react. After completion of reaction the product leave the active site of
enzyme.

Enzymes
catalyze reactions by weakening chemical bonds, which lower activation energy.

Enzymes have names that usually end in ase like sacrase, Maltase, Lactase.
Why Enzymes are so important?
Without enzymes, these reactions would take place too slowly to
keep you alive. Some enzymes, like the ones in your gut, break down large molecules into
smaller ones. Others, like the enzymes that make DNA, use small molecules to build up large
complex ones. Enzymes help cells to communicate with each other, keeping cell growth, life and
death under control.
Enzymes are also used in the fermentation process. Fermentation is a biochemical process occurs

in the presence of enzymes.

Fermented products have used as food as well as in general industry. For Example, Ethanol is
prepared on the industrial scale by fermentation in the presence of yeast enzyme. Similarly by
the process of fermentation we can convert Molasses in to Fructose and Glucose in the presence
of Invertase enzyme.

Why Enzymes are Necessity?

1. Digestion of Food
Digestive enzymes help in the digestion of all food. Our bodies make digestive enzymes as
well, mainly in the pancreas, the stomach, the small intestine, and the mouth. There are 22
digestive enzymes with names that end on -ase such as:
~ Amylase (digests carbohydrates);
~ Lipase (digests fats);
~ Protease (digests proteins);
~ Disaccharides (digest sugars).
2. Nutritional Support

Foods enzymes help digest the foods with the needed vitamins and minerals. Without the
enzymes, certain foods may not be easily digested, especially when the digestive system has
weakened.
3. Immune System Support
Plants enzymes also help digest and dispose of toxins in the blood stream, Plant enzymes also eat
the protein coating of certain viruses. Thus, enzymes help reduce inflammation and any health
condition associated with it.
FOODS WHICH ARE THE BEST SOURCE OF ENZYMES

Apple
An apple is high in carbohydrates, contains more Amylase than an avocado, which has a
high concentration of fat and is high in Lipase.
Papayas
Papayas are a tropical fruit. They contain large amounts of the enzyme known as papa
in. A plant-based enzyme, papain is referred to as a cysteine protease or proteolysis enzyme,
which refers to the papaya's ability to break the peptide bonds of proteins, hydrolyzing them into
smaller units known as amino acids so they can be ready for us in the growth of body.

Eating raw papaya is a good source of this

potent digestive and systematic enzyme. Chewable supplements are available in concentrated
form.
Pineapples

Raw pineapples contain the enzyme brome lain. Like papa in, brome lain is a
proteolysis enzyme. Besides contributing to the digestion of proteins, brome lain is a natural anti-

inflammatory and anti-coagulant.

The highest concentration of brome lain is found in the stem of the pineapple, which is edible,
though hardly palatable. Some brome lain is found in the pineapple fruit.
Those looking to supplement with larger amounts can find a bromeliad enzyme supplement at
any health food store.pineapple is rich in natural sugar; it is good to eat pineapple 15-40 minutes
before meal.
Raw Nuts and Seeds
Nuts and seeds contain lipase (lipase is a enzyme that break down lipids or fats in to smaller
molecule and help the stomach to digest the food). Most fat is digested in the small intestine.

Pancreas make lipase the deficiency of enzyme has a important effect on

this organ. There is expected that the enzymes of nuts and seeds are deactivate while they are
cook because temperature effect enzymes when temperature exceed the limit than enzyme
deactivate thats why the nuts and seeds are used in their food in raw form.
How to Recognize Enzyme Deficiency
If you have any of the following:
- Allergies
- Fatigue
- Bloating, gas, constipation, diarrhea, indigestion
- Headshakes
- Mood swings
- Poor immune function
What Causes Enzyme Deficiency
1. Polluted air,
2. water, and food
3.

pesticide use;

4. chemicals
Just over a century ago, food was unprocessed and unrefined, grown on clean, living soil, with
fresh air and pure water. It contained no preservatives, chemicals, or pesticides. Cooking
techniques were simple, and the microwave nonexistent.
Today, agriculture chemicals and pesticides destroy living soil. Dead soil creates dead food
deficient in enzymes and nutrients.
2. The way we eat.
Gulping down food without chewing.
3. Genetic Engineering, Pasteurization, Irradiation of Food.
4. Cooking at High Temperatures and Microwaving (because on high temperature enzymes
become deactivate)
5. Other pollutants such as a. heavy metals in dental fillings and b. root canals which may create
a 'permanent' infection that has to be constantly combated by enzymes.
Treatment of Enzyme deficiency
One line..like enzyme deficiency is not a severe case it can be treated by the
following ways

To remove the deficiency of enzyme you can take the enzyme supliment.

Enzyme replacement therapy ( is medical treatment in which the defective enzyme is

removed)

The use of enzyme rich food also prevent from the deficiency of enzymes.