Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
There are several different ways in English that you can talk about the future. This page is an
introduction to the most important ones:
- Predictions/statements of fact
- Intentions
- Arrangements
- Scheduled events
Predictions/statements of fact
The auxiliary verb will is used in making predictions or simple statements of fact about the
future.
In the year 2050 all students will have their own computers in school.
You won't pass your exams if you don't start working harder.
Intentions
The auxiliary verb going to is used in talking about intentions. (An intention is a plan for the
future that you have already thought about.)
He's not going to go to the dance. He's got too much work.
Note: going to is often used in the past tense to talk about an unfulfilled intention. Examples: I
was going to study for my grammar test, but I had no time. / He was going to call you, but he
couldn't find his mobile phone. / My grandmother was going to visit us, but she fell and broke
her arm.
Arrangements
The present continuous tense is used in talking about arrangements. (An arrangement is a plan
for the future that you have already thought aboutand discussed with someone else.)
Sorry, I can't stay after school today; I'm playing tennis with Jun-Sik.
I'm not returning home for the holidays, so I can come to your party after all!
Scheduled events
The present simple tense is usually used to refer to future events that are scheduled (and outside
of our control).
There's no need to hurry. The train doesn't leave for another 30 minutes.
subject
auxiliary will
will
auxiliary be
be
main verb
present participle
subject
auxiliary verb
auxiliary verb
main verb
will
be
working
at 10am.
You
will
be
lying
on a beach tomorrow.
She
will
not
be
using
the car.
We
will
not
be
having
dinner at home.
Will
you
be
playing
football?
Will
they
be
watching
TV?
I will
I'll
you will
you'll
he will
he'll
she will
it will
she'll
it'll
we will
we'll
they will
they'll
past
present
future
4pm
At 4pm, I will be in the middle of
working.
When we use the Future Continuous tense, our listener usually knows or understands what time
we are talking about. Look at these examples:
Future Perfect
FORM Future Perfect with "Will"
[will have + past participle]
Examples:
You will have perfected your English by the time you come back from the U.S.
Will you have perfected your English by the time you come back from the U.S.?
You will not have perfected your English by the time you come back from the U.S.
FORM Future Perfect with "Be Going To"
[am/is/are + going to have + past participle]
Examples:
You are going to have perfected your English by the time you come back from the U.S.
Are you going to have perfected your English by the time you come back from the
U.S.?
You are not going to have perfected your English by the time you come back from the
U.S.
NOTE: It is possible to use either "will" or "be going to" to create the Future Perfect with little or
no difference in meaning.
The Future Perfect expresses the idea that something will occur before another action in the
future. It can also show that something will happen before a specific time in the future.
Examples:
By next November, I will have received my promotion.
By the time he gets home, she is going to have cleaned the entire house.
I am not going to have finished this test by 3 o'clock.
Will she have learned enough Chinese to communicate before she moves to Beijing?
Future Perfect Continuous
FORM Future Perfect Continuous with "Will"
[will have been + present participle]
Examples:
You will have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives.
Will you have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives?
You will not have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives.
FORM Future Perfect Continuous with "Be Going To"
[am/is/are + going to have been + present participle]
Examples:
You are going to have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally
arrives.
Are you going to have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally
arrives?
You are not going to have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally
arrives.
We use the Future Perfect Continuous to show that something will continue up until a particular
event or time in the future. "For five minutes," "for two weeks," and "since Friday" are all
durations which can be used with the Future Perfect Continuous. Notice that this is related to
the Present Perfect Continuous and the Past Perfect Continuous; however, with Future Perfect
Continuous, the duration stops at or before a reference point in the future.
Examples:
They will have been talking for over an hour by the time Thomas arrives.
She is going to have been working at that company for three years when it
finally closes.
James will have been teaching at the university for more than a year by the time
he leaves for Asia.
How long will you have been studying when you graduate?
Future in the Past
Like Simple Future, Future in the Past has two different forms in English: "would" and "was
going to." Although the two forms can sometimes be used interchangeably, they often express
two different meanings.
FORM Would
[would + VERB]
Examples:
I knew you would help him.
I knew you would not help him.
FORM Was/Were Going To
[was/were + going to + VERB]
Examples:
I knew you were going to go to the party.
I knew you were not going to go to the party.
Future in the Past is used to express the idea that in the past you thought something would
happen in the future. It does not matter if you are correct or not. Future in the Past follows the
same basic rules as the Simple Future. "Would" is used to volunteer or promise, and "was going
to" is used to plan. Moreover, both forms can be used to make predictions about the future.
Examples:
I told you he was going to come to the party. PLAN
I knew Julie would make dinner. VOLUNTARY ACTION
Jane said Sam was going to bring his sister with him, but he came alone. PLAN
I had a feeling that the vacation was going to be a disaster. PREDICTION
very happy.
2. You (get)
a lot of money.
3. You (buy)
a beautiful house.
5. You (meet)
6. You (marry)
you.
a beautiful girl.
her.
8. People (serve)
9. They (not/refuse)
you.
4. By 2020, he
will work
5. Why don't you ask Jim for help? I'm sure that he
you.
will help
will have helped
will have been helping
6. Please don't ring the doorbell when you get here. My baby
.
will be sleeping
will have slept
will have been sleeping
7. Where are you going to spend your vacation? I don't know yet. Maybe we
summer.
will go
will have gone
will have been going
to Italy next
(finish)
washing the dishes. Everything will be perfect when your parents arrive.
around 6 o'clock.
2.
Nick: I just have two more courses before I graduate from university. By this time next year, I
(graduate)
Stacey: Does that scare you? Are you worried about the future?
a good job.
Stacey: That's a good idea.
Nick: I am also going to do an internship so that when I leave school, I (complete, not
only)
winter?
Fred: I can't believe how often she goes abroad. Where exactly does she want to go?
in
4.
Judy: How long have you been in Miami?
Elaine: I have only been here for a couple of weeks.
Judy: How long do you plan on staying?
just about
already)
eating.
Jack: It's your own fault. You took way too long in the bathroom.
Jane: I couldn't get my hair to look right.
even)
. Nobody (see,
your hair.
two years. She should be able to communicate fairly well while she is in Austria.
4. By the time you finish studying the verb tense tutorial, you (master)
all
the hospital.
6. I came to England six months ago. I started my economics course three months ago. When I
in
(wait)
jobs at least
my history
1.
Jack: Have you been watching the Eco-Challenge on TV?
Janet: Isn't that exciting? It has got to be the most unbelievably difficult sporting event in the
world.
Jack: I know. By the time they finish the course, they (raft)
2.
Oliver: When are going to get your bachelor's degree, Anne?
Anne: I am going to finish my degree next June. By the time I graduate, I (go)
to
years.
Oliver: Wow, that's a long time!
Anne: And I plan to continue on to get a Ph.D.
Oliver: Really? How long is that going to take?
3.
Max: Sarah has been in the kitchen all day long.
Jake: It doesn't sound like she's having a very good Thanksgiving.
everything by then.
(work)
on it for more than seven hours, and I don't think I am going to feel
(hike)
in a bed or (have)
a shower in
almost a week!
(work) in my office..
Check
Show Answ er
Check
Check
Check
Check
(rain)..
Show Answ er
Check
Check
Marcus: He (wait)
(stand)
Marcus: We (pick)
2.
about
same things.
3.
all of those?
Florence: Thanks.
Jack: When you get home this evening, that mountain will be gone and nice stacks of
in the cabinets.
4.
Nancy: I (call)
Doug: This is the first time I have ever been away from the kids.
5.
be fine.
on a tropical beach in
marketing project. How are you going to enjoy yourself knowing that I am working so hard?
Samantha: I 'll manage somehow.
Darren: You're terrible. Can't you take me with you?
to the beach.
TV as well.
(talk)
paperwork and
on a sunny,
4. We (hide)
, "Surprise!"
5. We work out at the fitness center every day after work. If you (come)
while we (work)
safe, we (leave)
over
out, we will not be able to let you into the house. Just to be
a key under the welcome mat so you will not have to wait
outside.
in class.
7. When I (get)
(make)
, John
something
for you.
up tomorrow
at
7. Tomorrow afternoon we're going to play tennis from 3 o'clock until 4.30. So at 4
o'clock, we
tennis. (play)
8. Do you think you
9. By the time you get home I
10. Tom is on holiday and he is spending his money very quickly. If he continues like this,
he
all his money before the end of his holiday. (spend)