Root, Prefix

or Suffix

Meaning

a, ac, ad, af,

ag, al, an, ap,
as, at

to, toward, near, in

addition to, by

a-, an-

not, without

ab, abs

away from, off

-able, -ible

Adjective: worth,
ability

acer, acid, acri bitter, sour, sharp

act, ag

do, act, drive

acu

sharp

-acy, -cy

Noun: state or quality

-ade

act, product, sweet

drink
air, atmosphere,
aviation

Examples

Translation

samping,
menemani,
aside, accompany,
menyesuaikan,
adjust, aggression,
agresi,
allocate, annihilate,
mengalokasikan,
affix, associate, attend, memusnahkan,
adverb
membubuhkan,
asosiasi, hadir,
adverbia
apolitis, ateis,
apolitical, atheist,
anarki, anonim,
anarchy, anonymous,
apatis, aphasia,
apathy, aphasia, anemia
anemia
membebaskan,
absolve, abrupt, absent
tiba-tiba, tidak ada
dipecahkan, luar
solvable, incredible
biasa
acerbic, acidity, acrid,
masam, keasaman,
acrimony
tajam, kepahitan
active, react, agent,
aktif, bereaksi,
active, agitate
agen, aktif, agitasi
acute, acupuncture,
akut, akupunktur,
accurate
akurat
privasi, bayi,
privacy, infancy,
kecukupan,
adequacy, intimacy,
keintiman,
supremacy
supremasi
blokade, limun
blockade, lemonade

udara, aerosol,
aerodrome
agen, agenda,
ag, agi, ig, act do, move, go
agitasi, navigasi,
ambigu, aksi
keberanian, hak
Noun: activity, or
courage, suffrage,
-age
pilih, penyusutan,
result of action
shrinkage, tonnage
tonase
pertaining to fields or
pertanian,
agri, agro
agriculture, agroindustry
soil
agroindustri
rujukan,
Noun: action, result of referral, disavowal,
pengingkaran,
-al
action
disposal, festival
pembuangan,
festival
aer, aero

aerial, aerosol,
aerodrome
agent, agenda, agitate,
navigate, ambiguous,
action

Root, Prefix
or Suffix

Meaning

Examples

alb, albo

Adjective: quality,
structural, territorial,
relation
categorical
white, without pigment albino, albite

ali, allo, alter

other

alt

high, deep

-al, -ial, -ical

am, ami, amor love, like, liking

ambi

both

Translation

struktural, teritorial,
kategoris
albino, albite
alias, alibi, alien,
alias, alibi, alien, alloy,
paduan, mengubah,
alter, alter ego, altruism
alter ego, altruisme
altimeter,
altimeter, altitude
ketinggian
amorous, amiable,
asmara, ramah,
amicable, enamoured
damai, terpikat
ambidextrous
sangat pandai

rawat jalan, amble,

ambulans, yg
ambul
to walk
berjalan sambil
tidur
artisan, guardian,
tukang, wali,
-an
Noun: person
historian, magician
sejarawan, pesulap
anode, anagram,
anoda, anagram,
ana, ano
up, back, again, anew
anagenetic
anagenetic
resistance,
perlawanan,
Noun: action, state,
independence,
kemandirian,
-ance, -ence
quality or process
extravagance,
pemborosan,
fraudulence
penipuan
lowongan, agen,
Noun: state, quality or vacancy, agency,
-ancy, -ency
pembolosan,
capacity
truancy, latency
latency
male, characteristics of
androsentris,
andr, andro
androcentric, android
men
android
ang
angular
angle
sudut
animal, animate,
hewan, bernyawa,
anim
mind, life, spirit, anger
animosity
permusuhan
tahunan, tahunan,
annual, annual, annuity,
ann, annu, enni yearly
anuitas, ulang
anniversary, perrenial
tahun, perrenial
Noun: an agent,
disinfektan,
disinfectant, dependent,
-ant, -ent
something that
tergantung, harum
fragrant
performs the action
Adjective: kind of
important, dependent,
penting, tergantung,
-ant, -ent, -ient
agent, indication
convenient
nyaman
anterior, anteroom,
anterior, ruang
ante
before
antebellum, antedate,
tunggu, sebelum
ambulatory, amble,
ambulance,
somnambulist

Root, Prefix
or Suffix

Meaning

anthrop

man

anti, ant

against, opposite

anti, antico

old

Examples

Translation

antecedent antediluvian perang,

mendahului, yg
kuno
anthropology,
antropologi,
misanthrope,
pembenci orang,
philanthropy
filantropi
antisosial,
antisocial, antiseptic,
antiseptik, antitesis,
antithesis, antibody,
antibodi,
antinomies, antifreeze,
antinomies,
antipathy
antibeku, antipati
antique, antiquated,
antik, kuno, kuno
antiquity
apology, apocalypse,
aphagia
aqueous

away from, detached,

formed
aqu
water
Adjective: resembling,
-ar, -ary
spectacular, unitary
related to
archangel, architect,
archaic, monarchy,
arch
chief, first, rule
matriarchy, patriarchy,
Archeozoic era
braggart, drunkard,
-ard, -art
Noun: characterized
wizard
aster, asterisk, asteroid,
aster, astr
star
astronomy, astronaut
Noun: state, office,
candidate, electorate,
-ate
fuction
delegate
graduate, ameliorate,
-ate
Verb: cause to be
amputate, colligate
-ate
Adjective: kind of state inviolate
Noun: action, resulting specialization,
-ation
state
aggravation, alternation
to originate, to
augment , author,
auc, aug, aut
increase
augment, auction
audience, audio, audible,
aud, audi, aur,
auditorium, audiovisual,
to hear, listen
aus
audition, auricular,
ausculate
aug, auc
increase
augur, augment, auction
automobile, automatic,
aut, auto
self
automotive, autograph,
apo, ap, aph

Root, Prefix
or Suffix

bar
be

Meaning

weight, pressure
on, around, over,
about, excessively,
make, cause, name,
affect

belli

war

bene

good, well, gentle

bi, bine

two

bibl, bibli,
biblio

book

bio, bi

life

brev

short

cad, cap, cas,

ceiv, cept,
capt, cid, cip

to take, to seize, to
hold

cad, cas

to fall

-cade

procession

calor

heat

capit, capt

head

carn

flesh

cat, cata, cath

down, with

caus, caut

burn, heat

cause, cuse,

cause, motive

Examples

Translation

autonomous,
autoimmune
barometer
berate, bedeck, bespeak,
belittle, beleaguer
rebellion, belligerent,
casus belli, bellicose
benefactor, beneficial,
benevolent, benediction,
beneficiary, benefit
biped, bifurcate,
biweekly, bivalve,
biannual
bibliophile,
bibliography, Bible
biography, biology,
biometricsm biome,
biosphere
abbreviate, brevity, brief
receive, deceive,
capable, capacious,
captive, accident,
capture, occasion,
concept, intercept,
forceps, except,
reciprocate
cadaver, cadence,
cascade
motorcade
calorie, caloric,
calorimeter
decapitate, capital,
captain, caption
carnivorous, incarnate,
reincarnation, carnal
catalogue, category,
catheter
caustic, cauldron,
cauterize
because, excuse,

Root, Prefix
or Suffix
cus

Meaning

Examples

Translation

accusation
succeed, proceed,
ceas, ced, cede, to go, to yield, move, precede, recede,
ceed, cess
go, surrender
secession, exceed,
succession
centennial, century,
cent
hundred
centipede
eccentricity, centrifugal,
centr, centri
center
concentric, eccentric
chrome, chromosome,
chrom
color
polychrome, chromatic
chronology, chronic,
chronicle chronometer,
chron
time
anachronism,
synchronize
fratricide, homicide,
cide, cis, cise to kill, to cut, cut down incision, incision,
circumcision, scissors
circumnavigate,
circumflex,
circumstance,
circumcision,
circum
around
circumference,
circumorbital,
circumlocution,
circumvent,
circumscribe, circulatory
cit
call, start
incite, citation, cite
civic, civil, civilian,
civ
citizen
civilization
exclamation, clamor,
clam, claim
cry out
proclamation,
reclamation, acclaim
decline, aclinic,
clin
lean, bend
inclination
include, exclude, clause,
claustrophobia, enclose,
clud, clus claus to close, shut
exclusive, reclusive,
conclude
cohesiveness, cognate,
co, cog, col,
collaborate, convene,
coll, con, com, with, together
commitment, compress,
cor
contemporary, converge,
compact, confluence,
5

Root, Prefix
or Suffix

Meaning

cogn, gnos

to know

com, con

fully

contr, contra,
counter

against, opposite

cord, cor, cardi heart

corp

body

cort

correct

cosm

universe, world

cour, cur, curr,

run, course
curs
crat, cracy

rule

cre, cresc, cret,

grow
crease
crea

create

cred

believe

cresc, cret,
crease, cru

rise, grow

crit

separate, choose

cur, curs

run

Examples

Translation

convenient, concatenate,
conjoin, combine,
correct
recognize, cognizant,
diagnose, agnostic,
incognito, prognosis
complete, compel,
conscious, condense,
confess, confirm
contradict, counteract,
contravene, contrary,
counterspy, contrapuntal
cordial, concord,
discord, courage,
encourage
corporation, corporal
punishment, corpse,
corpulent, corpus luteum
escort, cortage
cosmos, microcosm,
cosmopolitan,
cosmonaut
occur, excursion,
discourse, courier,
course
autocrat, aristocrat,
theocracy, technocracy
create, crescent,
accretion, increase
creature, recreation,
creation
creed, credo, credence,
credit, credulous,
incredulous, incredible
crescendo, concrete,
increase, decrease,
accrue
critical, criterion,
hypocrite
current, concurrent,
concur, incur, recur,
occur, courier,
precursor, cursive

Root, Prefix
or Suffix

Meaning

cura

care

cycl, cyclo

wheel, circle, circular

de-

from, down, away, to

do the opposite,
reverse, against

dec, deca

ten, ten times

dec, dign

suitable

dei, div

God

dem, demo

people, populace,
population

dent, dont

tooth

derm

skin, covering

di-, dy-

two, twice, double

dia

through, across,
between

dic, dict, dit

say, speak

dis, dif

not, opposite of,

reverse, separate,
deprive of, away

dit

give

doc, doct

teach, prove

Examples

Translation

curator, curative,
manicure
Cyclops, unicycle,
bicycle, cyclone, cyclic
detach, deploy, derange,
decrease, deodorize,
devoid, deflate,
degenerate
decimal, decade,
decalogue, decimate,
decathlon
decent decorate dignity
divinity, divine, deity,
divination, deify
democracy,
demography,
demagogue, epidemic
dental, denture,
orthodontist, periodontal
hypodermic,
dermatology, epidermis,
taxidermy
divide, diverge,
diglycerides
diameter, diagonal,
dialogue dialect,
dialectic, diagnosis,
diachronic
dictation, dictionary,
dictate, dictator,
Dictaphone, edict,
predict, verdict,
contradict, benediction
dismiss, differ, disallow,
disperse, dissuade,
divide, disconnect,
disproportion,
disrespect, distemper,
disarray
credit, audit
docile, doctor, doctrine,
document, dogma,
indoctrinate

Root, Prefix
or Suffix
domin
don
dorm
dox

Meaning
master, that which is
under control
give
sleep
thought, opinion,
praise

-drome

run, step

duc, duct

to lead, pull

dura

hard, lasting

dynam

power

dys-

eececoecto-ed
-ed
-en
-en
en-, em-

bad, abnormal,
difficult, impaired,
unfavorable
not, missing, out, fully,
away, computer
network related

Examples

Translation

dominate, dominion,
predominant, domain
donate, condone
dormant, dormitory
orthodox, heterodox,
paradox, doxology
syndrome, aerodrome,
velodrome
produce, abduct,
product, transducer,
viaduct, aqueduct,
induct, deduct, reduce,
induce
durable, duration,
endure
dynamo, dynamic,
dynamite,
hydrodynamics
dysfunctional, dyslexia,
dyspathy

emit, embed,
eternal,ether, erase,
email, e-tailer
echo, eclipse, eclectic,
out of, outside
ecesis, ecstasy, exzema
household,
ecology, economize,
environment, relating ecospheres,
to ecology or economy ecomanagement
ectomorph, ectoderm,
outside, external
ectoplasm
dressed, faded, patted,
Verb: past tense
closed, introduced
Adjective: having the
winged, moneyed,
quality or
dogged, tiered
characteristics of
Verb: to cause to
lengthen, moisten,
become
sharpen
Adjective: material
golden, woolen, silken
enamor, embolden,
put into, make, provide
enslave, empower,
with, surround with
entangle

Root, Prefix
or Suffix
-ence, -ency

end-

epi-

equi-er, -ier
-er, -or
-er, -or
erg

-ery

-es, -ies

-es, -ies

-ess
-est, -iest
ev-, etex-

Meaning

Examples

Translation

Noun: action or
process, quality or
state

reference, emergency,
dependence, eminence,
latency
endorse, endocardial,
endergonic,
inside, within
endoskeleton,
endoscope, endogenous
epicenter, epicarp,
upon, close to, over,
epilogue, epigone,
after, altered
epidiorite
equidistant, equilateral,
equal
equilibrium, equinox,
equation, equator
better, brighter, sooner,
Adjective: comparative
hotter, happier
flyer, reporter, player,
Noun: person or thing
member, fryer, collector,
that does something
concentrator
ponder, dishonor,
Verb: action
clamor
energy, erg, allergy,
work, effect
ergometer, ergograph,
ergophobia
collective qualities, art,
snobbery, bakery,
practice, trade,
geenery, gallery, slavery
collection, state,
condition
Noun: plural of most
nouns ending in -ch, - passes, glasses, ladies,
s, -sh, -o and -z and
heroes
some in -f and -y
Verb: third person
singular present
blesses, hushes, fizzes,
indicative of verbs that
defies
end in -ch, -s, -sh, and some in -y
female
actress, goddess, poetess
Adjective or Adverb: latest, strongest,
superlative
luckiest, lyingest
time, age
medieval, eternal
exit, exhale, exclusive,
out of, away from,
exceed, explosion, exlacking, former
mayor

Root, Prefix
or Suffix

Meaning

exter-, extra-,
extro-

outside of, beyond

fa, fess

speak

fac, fact, fec,

fect, fic, fas,
fea

do, make

fall, fals

deceive

femto

quadrillionth

fer

bear, carry

fic, feign, fain,

shape, make, fashion
fit, feat
fid

belief, faith

fid, fide, feder faith, trust

fig

shape, form

fila, fili

thread

fin

end, ended, finished

fix

repair, attach

flex, flect

bend

flict

strike

flu, fluc, fluv,

flux

flow

Examples

Translation

external, extrinsic,
extraordinary,
extrapolate, extraneous,
extrovert
fable, fabulous, fame,
famous, confess, profess
difficult, fashion,
feasible, feature, factory,
fact, effect,
manufacture,
amplification,
confection
fallacy, falsify,
fallacious
femtosecond
ferry, coniferous, fertile,
defer, infer, refer,
transfer
fiction, faint, feign
confide, diffident,
fidelity
confidante, fidelity,
confident, infidelity,
infidel, federal,
confederacy, semper fi
figurem, effigy, figure,
figment
filigree, filament, filter,
filet, filibuster
final, finite, finish,
confine, fine, refine,
define, finale
fix, fixation, fixture,
affix, prefix, suffix
flex, reflex, flexible,
flexor, inflexibility,
reflect,
deflect,circumflex
affliction, conflict,
inflict
influence, fluid, flue,
flush, fluently, fluctuate,

10

Root, Prefix
or Suffix

Meaning

Examples

Translation

reflux, influx

for, fore

Adverb: in a manner
of, marked by
before

forc, fort

strength, strong

form

shape, resemble

-fold

fract, frag, frai break

fuge

flee

fuse
-fy

Noun: an amount or
quanity that fills
Adjective: having,
giving, marked by
pour
make, form into

gam

marriage

gastr, gastro

stomach

gen

kind

gen

birth, race, produce

geo

earth

germ

vital part

gest
giga
gin

carry, bear
billion
careful

gloss, glot

tongue

glu, glo

lump, bond, glue

-ful
-ful

fourfold
forecast, fortune, foresee
effort, fort, forte,
fortifiable, fortify, forte,
fortitude
form, format, conform,
formulate, perform,
formal, formula
fracture, infraction,
fragile, fraction, refract,
frail
subterfuge, refuge,
centrifuge
mouthful
fanciful
confuse, transfuse
falsify, dandify
bigamy, monogamy,
polygamy
gastric, gastronomic,
gastritis, gastropod
generous
genesis, genetics,
eugenics, genealogy,
generate, genetic,
antigen, pathogen
geometry, geography,
geocentric, geology
germination, germ,
germane
congest, gestation
gigabyte, gigaflop
gingerly
glossary, polyglot,
epiglottis
glue, agglutinate,
conglomerate

11

Root, Prefix
or Suffix
gor
grad, gress,
gree

Meaning
to gather, to bring
together
to gather, to bring
together, step, go

graph, gram,
graf

write, written, draw

grat

pleasing

grav

heavy, weighty

greg

herd

hale, heal

make whole, sound

helio

sun

hema, hemo

blood

her, here, hes

stick

hetero

other, different

hex, ses, sex

six

homo

same

hum, human

earth, ground, man

hydr, hydra,
hydro

water

hyper

over, above

Examples

Translation

category, categorize
grade, degree, progress,
gradual, graduate, egress
graph, graphic,
autograph, photography,
graphite, telegram,
polygraph, grammar,
biography, lithograph,
graphic
congratulate, gratuity,
grateful, ingrate
grave, gravity,
aggravate, gravitate
gregarious,
congregation, segregate,
gregarian
inhale, exhale, heal,
healthy, healthiness
heliograph, heliotrope,
heliocentric
hemorrhage,
hemoglobin,
hemophilia, hemostat
adhere, cohere,
cohesion, inherent,
hereditary, hesitate
heterodox,
heterogeneous,
heterosexual, heterodyne
hexagon, hexameter,
sestet, sextuplets
homogenize,
homosexual, homonym,
homophone
humus, exhume, humane
dehydrate, hydrant,
hydraulic, hydraulics,
hydrogen, hydrophobia
hyperactive,
hypertensive,
hyperbolic,
hypersensitive,

12

Root, Prefix
or Suffix

hypn
-ia
-ian, an
-iatry
-ic
-ic, ics
-ice
-ify
ignis
-ile
in, im

in, im, il, ir

infra
-ing
-ing
-ing
inter

intra
intro
-ion
-ish

Meaning

Examples

Translation

hyperventilate,
hyperkinetic
sleep
hypnosis, hypnotherapy
Noun: names, diseases phobia
Noun: related to, one
pedestrian, human
that is
Noun: art of healing
psychiatry
Adjective: quality,
generic
relation
Noun: related to the
arithmetic, economics
arts and sciences
Noun: act
malice
Verb: cause
specify
fire
ignite, igneous, ignition
Adjective: having the
projectile
qualities of
into, on, near, towards instead, import
illegible, irresolute,
inaction, inviolate,
not
innocuous, intractable,
innocent, impregnable,
impossible, imposter
beneath
infrared, infrastructure
Noun: material made
flooring, swimming,
for, activity, result of
building
an activity
Verb: present
depicting
participle
Adjective: activity
cohering
international, intercept,
between, among
interject, intermission,
internal, intermittent,
within, during,
intramural, intranet,
between layers,
intranatal
underneath
interoffice, introvert,
into, within, inward
introspection, introduce
Noun: condition or
abduction
action
Adjective: having the
newish
character of

13

Root, Prefix
or Suffix

Meaning

-ite
-ity, ty
-ive
-ive, -ative, itive
-ize

Noun: doctrine, belief,

action or conduct
Noun: person or
member
Noun: state or quality
Noun: state or quality
Noun: condition
Adjective: having the
quality of
Verb: cause

jac, ject

throw

join, junct

join

judice

judge

-ism
-ist

jug, junct, just to join

juven
labor

young
work

lau, lav, lot, lut wash

lect, leg, lig
leg
-less
levi
lex, leag, leg
liber, liver
lide
liter

loc, loco

Examples

Translation

formalism
podiatrist
graphite
lucidity, novelty
native
festive, cooperative,
sensitive
fantasize
reject, eject, project,
trajectory, interject,
dejected, inject,
ejaculate, adjacent
adjoining, enjoin,
juncture, conjunction,
injunction, conjunction
prejudice
junction, adjust,
conjugal
juvenile, rejuvenate
laborious, belabor
launder, lavatory, lotion,
ablution, dilute

choose, gather, select,

collect, legible, eligible
read
legal, legislate,
law
legislature, legitimize
Adjective: without,
motiveless
missing
light
alleviate, levitate, levity
law
legal, college, league
liberty, liberal,
free
liberalize, deliverance
strike
collide, nuclide
literary, literature,
letters
literal, alliteration,
obliterate
location, locally,
place, area
locality, allocate,
locomotion

14

Root, Prefix
Meaning
or Suffix
log, logo,
word, study, say,
ology
speech, reason, study
loqu, locut

talk, speak

luc, lum, lun,

lus, lust

light

lude

Examples

Translation

catalog, prologue,
dialogue, zoology, logo
eloquent, loquacious,
colloquial,
circumlocution
translucent, luminary,
luster, luna, illuminate,
illustrate
prelude

play
Adverb: in the manner
-ly
fluently
of
macr-, macer lean
emaciated, meager
magnify, magnificent,
magn
great
magnanimous, magnate,
magnitude, magnum
mainstream, mainsail,
main
strength, foremost
domain, remain
malformation,
maladjusted, dismal,
mal
bad, badly
malady,
malcontent,malfunction,
malfeasance, maleficent
manual, manage,
manufacture, manacle,
man, manu
hand, make, do
manicure, manifest,
maneuver, emancipate,
management
mandatory, remand,
mand
command
mandate
mania, maniac,
mania
madness
kleptomania, pyromania
marine, marsh,
mar, mari, mer sea, pool
maritime, mermaid
matrimony, maternal,
matri
mother
matriarchate, matron
mediate, medieval,
half, middle, between,
medi
Mediterranean,
halfway
mediocre, medium
megaphone, megaton,
megaflop,
mega
great, million
megalomaniac,
megabyte, megalopolis
mem
recall, remember
memo, commemoration,

15

Root, Prefix
or Suffix

ment
-ment

Meaning

mind
Noun: condition or
result

meso

middle

meta

beyond, change

meter

measure

metr

admeasure, apportion

micro

small, millionth

migra

wander

mill, kilo

thousand

milli

thousandth

min

little, small

mis

wrong, bad, badly

mit, miss

send

mob, mov, mot move

mon

warn, remind

mono

one

Examples

Translation

memento, memoir,
memorable
mental, mention
document
mesomorph,
mesoamerica,
mesosphere
metaphor,
metamorphosis,
metabolism,
metahistorical,
metainformation
meter, voltammeter,
barometer, thermometer
metrics, asymmetric,
parametric, telemetry
microscope, microfilm,
microcard, microwave,
micrometer, microvolt
migrate, emigrant,
immigrate
millennium, kilobyte,
kiloton
millisecond, milligram,
millivolt
minute, minor,
minuscule
misconduct, misinform,
misinterpret,
mispronounce,
misnomer, mistake,
misogynist
emit, remit, submit,
admit, commit, permit,
transmit, omit,
intermittent, mission,
missile
motion, remove, mobile,
motor
monument, admonition,
monitor, premonition
monopoly, monotype,

16

Root, Prefix
or Suffix

Meaning

mor, mort

mortal, death

morph

shape, form

multi

many, much

nano
nasc, nat,
gnant, nai

billionth
to be born

nat, nasc

to be from, to spring
forth

neo

new

Examples

Translation

monologue,
mononucleosis,
monorail, monotheist,
mortal, immortal,
mortality, mortician,
mortuary
amorphous, dimorphic,
metamorphosis,
morphology,
polymorphic,
morpheme, amorphous
multifold, multilingual,
multiped, multiply,
multitude, multipurpose,
multinational
nanosecond, nanobucks
nascent, native,
pregnant, naive
innate, natal, native,
renaissance
Neolithic, nuveau riche,
neologism, neophyte,
neonate

Noun: state, condition,

kindness
quality
neuritis, neuropathic,
neurologist, neural,
neur
nerve
neurotic
autonomy, astronomy,
nom
law, order
gastronomy, economy
nom, nym
name
nominate, synonym
nomenclature, nominate,
nomen, nomin name
ignominious
non
nine
nonagon
nonferrous, nonsense,
non
not
nonabrasive, nondescript
novel, renovate, novice,
nov
new
nova, innovate
nocturnal, equinox,
nox, noc
night
noctilucent
numeral, numeration,
numer
number
enumerate, innumerable
-ness

17

Root, Prefix
Meaning
Examples
or Suffix
numisma
coin
numismatics
toward, against, in the oppose, occur, offer,
ob, oc, of, op
way
obtain
octopus, octagon,
oct
eight
octogenarian, octave
Oligocene,
oligo
few, little
oligosaccharide,
oligotrophic, oligarchy
omnipotent, omniscient,
omni
all, every
omnipresent,
omnivorous
anonymous, pseudonym,
onym
name
antonym, synonym
oper
work
operate, cooperate, opus
Noun: condition or
valor, honor, humor,
-or
activity
minor
orthodox, orthodontist,
ortho
straight, correct
orthopedic, unorthodox
Noun: place for, serves
-ory
territory, rectory
for
adventurous,
-ous, -eous, - Adjective: having the
courageous, verbose,
ose, -ious
quality of, relating to
fractious
overwork, overall,
over
excessive, above
overwork
pacifist, pacify, pacific
pac
peace
ocean
arrange, assemblage, repair, impair, compare,
pair, pare
two
prepare
Paleozoic, Paleolithic,
paleo
old
paleomagnetism,
paleopsychology
Pan-American, panAfrican, panacea,
pan
all
pandemonium (place of
all the demons),
paradox,
paraprofessional,
para
beside
paramedic, paraphrase,
parachute
patient, passion,
pat, pass, path feel, suffer
sympathy, pathology

Translation

18

Root, Prefix
or Suffix

Meaning

pater, patr

father

path, pathy

feeling, suffering

ped, pod

foot

pedo

child

pel, puls

drive, push, urge

pend, pens,
pond

hang, weigh

per

through, intensive

peri

around

phage

eat

phan, phas,
phen, fan,
phant, fant

show, make visible

phe

speak

phil

love

phlegma

inflammation

phobia, phobos fear

phon

sound

Examples

Translation

paternity, patriarch,
patriot, patron, patronize
pathos, sympathy,
antipathy, apathy,
telepathy
pedal, impede,
pedestrian, centipede,
tripod, podiatry,
antipode, podium
orthopedic, pedagogue,
pediatrics
compel, dispel, expel,
repel, propel, pulse,
impulse, pulsate,
compulsory, expulsion,
repulsive
pendant, pendulum,
suspend, appendage,
pensive, append
persecute, permit,
perspire, perforate,
persuade
periscope, perimeter,
perigee, periodontal
macrophage,
bacteriophage
phantom, fantasy
blaspheme, cipher,
phenomenon,
philosopher
philosopher,
philanthropy,
philharmonic,
bibliophile
phlegm, phlegmatic
phobia, claustrophobia,
acrophobia, aquaphobia,
ergophobia, homophobia
telephone, phonics,
phonograph, phonetic,
homophone,

19

Root, Prefix
or Suffix

Meaning

phot, photo

light

pico

trillionth

pict

paint, show, draw

plac, plais

please

pli, ply

fold

plore

cry out, wail

plu, plur, plus more

pneuma,
breath
pneumon
pod
foot, feet
poli

city

poly

many

pon, pos,
pound

place, put

pop

people

port

carry

portion
post

part, share
after, behind

pot

power

pre, pur

before

prehendere

seize, grasp

Examples

Translation

microphone, symphony,
euphonious
photograph,
photoelectric,
photogenic,
photosynthesis, photon
picofarad, picocurie,
picovolt
picture, depict
placid, placebo, placate,
complacent
reply, implicate, ply
implore, exploration,
deploring
plural, pluralist, plus
pneumatic, pneumonia,
podiatry, tripod
metropolis, police,
politics, Indianapolis,
megalopolis, acropolis
polytheist, polygon,
polygamy,
polymorphous
postpone, component,
opponent, proponent,
expose, impose, deposit,
posture, position,
expound, impound
population, populous,
popular
porter, portable,
transport, report, export,
import, support,
transportation
portion, proportion
postpone, postdate
potential, potentate,
impotent
precede
apprehend, comprehend,
comprehensive,

20

Root, Prefix
or Suffix

Meaning

prin, prim,
prime

first

pro

for, foward

proto

first

psych

mind, soul

punct

point, dot

pute
quat, quad

think
four

quint, penta

five

quip
quir, quis,
quest, quer

ship

re

back, again

reg, recti

straighten

retro

backwards

ri, ridi, risi

laughter

rog, roga

ask

rupt

break

seek, ask

sacr, sanc, secr sacred

salv, salu

safe, healthy

Examples

Translation

prehensile
primacy, prima donna,
primitive, primary,
primal, primeval, prince,
principal
propel
prototype, protocol,
protagonist, protozoan,
Proterozoic,
protoindustrial
psyche, psychiatry,
psychology, psychosis
punctual, punctuation,
puncture, acupuncture,
punctuation
dispute, computer
quadrangle, quadruplets
quintet, quintuplets,
pentagon, pentane,
pentameter
equip, equipment
query, inquire, exquisite,
quest
report, realign, retract,
revise, regain
regiment, regular,
rectify, correct, direct,
rectangle
retrorocket, retrospect,
retrogression, retroactive
deride, ridicule,
ridiculous, derision,
risible
prerogative,
interrogation, derogatory
rupture, interrupt,
abrupt, disrupt, ruptible
sacred, sacrosanct,
sanction, consecrate,
desecrate
salvation, salvage,
salutation

21

Root, Prefix
or Suffix

Meaning

Examples

Translation

sanctify, sanctuary,
sanction, sanctimonious,
sacrosanct
sat, satis
enough
satient, saturate, satisfy
sci, scio,
science, conscious,
know
scientia
omniscient, cognocienti
telescope, microscope,
scope
see, watch
kaleidoscope, periscope,
stethoscope
scribe, scribble, inscribe,
describe, subscribe,
scrib, script
write
prescribe, manuscript
se
apart, move away from secede
intersect, transect,
sect, sec
cut
dissect, secant, section
sediment, session,
obsession, possess,
sed, sess, sid sit
preside, president,
reside, subside
semifinal,
semiconscious,
semi
half, partial
semiannual,
semimonthly, semicircle
senior, senator, senile,
sen, scen
old, grow old
senescence, evanescent
sentiment, consent,
resent, dissent,
sent, sens
feel, think
sentimental, sense,
sensation, sensitive,
sensory, dissension
sept
seven
septet, septennial
sequence, consequence,
sequel, subsequent,
sequ, secu, sue follow
prosecute, consecutive,
second, ensue, pursue
servant, service,
subservient, servitude,
serv
save, serve, keep
preserve, conserve,
reservation, deserve,
conservation, observe
-ship
Noun: status, condition relationship, friendship
signal, signature, design,
sign, signi
sign, mark, seal
insignia, significant
sanct

holy

22

Root, Prefix
or Suffix
simil, simul

sist, sta, stit

soci
sol, solus

solv, solu,
solut
somn
soph

spec, spect,
spi, spic

sper
sphere
spir

Meaning

Examples

Translation

similar, assimilate,
simulate, simulacrum,
simultaneous
assist, insist, persist,
circumstance, stamina,
stand, withstand, make
status, state, static,
up
stable, stationary,
substitute
to join, companions
sociable, society
solo, soliloquy, solitaire,
alone
solitude, solitary, isolate
solvent, solve, absolve,
resolve, soluble,
solution, resolution,
loosen, explain
resolute, dissolute,
absolution
sleep
insomnia, somnambulist
sophomore (wise fool),
philosophy,
wise
sophisticated
specimen, specific,
spectator, spectacle,
aspect, speculate,
look, see
inspect, respect,
prospect, retrospective,
introspective, expect,
conspicuous
render favorable
prosper
sphere, stratosphere,
ball, sphere
hemisphere, spheroid
spirit, conspire, inspire,
breath
aspire, expire, perspire,
respiration
like, resembling

stand, stant,
stab, stat, stan,
stand
sti, sta, st,
stead
-ster
person
strain, strict,
string, stige

bind, pull, draw tight

stru, struct,
stroy, stry

build

stature, establish, stance

mobster, monster
stringent, strict, restrict,
constrict, restrain, boa
constrictor
construe, structure,
construct, instruct,

23

Root, Prefix
or Suffix

Meaning

Examples

Translation

obstruct, destruction,
destroy, industry,
ministry
sustain, survive, support,
suffice, succeed,
sub, suc, suf, under, below, from,
submerge, submarine,
sup, sur, sus
secretly, instead of
substandard, subnormal,
subvert
consume, assume, sump,
sume, sump
take, use, waste
presumption
superior, suprarenal,
superscript,
super, supra
over, above
supernatural,
superimpose, supercede
together, at the same sympathy, synthesis,
syn, sym
time
synchronous, syndicate
tactile, contact, intact,
intangible, tangible,
tact, tang, tag,
touch
contagious, contiguous,
tig, ting
contingent
tain, ten, tent,
retain, continue, content,
hold, keep, have
tin
tenacious
detect, protect, tegular,
tect, teg
cover
tegument
telephone, telegraph,
telegram, telescope,
tele
distance, far, from afar television, telephoto,
telecast, telepathy,
telepathy
tempo, temporary,
extemporaneously,
tem, tempo
time
contemporary, pro tem,
temporal
tenacious, tenant, tenure,
untenable, detention,
retentive, content,
ten, tin, tain
hold
pertinent, continent,
obstinate, contain,
abstain, pertain, detain
tendency, extend,
intend, contend, pretend,
tend, tent, tens stretch, strain
superintend, tender,
extent, tension, pretense
tera
trillion
terabyte, teraflop

24

Root, Prefix
Meaning
or Suffix
term
end, boundary, limit
terr, terra
test
the, theo

therm
thesis, thet
tire
tom

tor, tors, tort

tox
tract, tra, trai,
treat

trans
tri
trib
tribute
turbo
typ

Examples

Translation

exterminate, terminal
terrain, terrarium,
earth
territory, terrestrial
testament, detest,
to bear witness
testimony, attest, testify
monotheism,
God, a god
polytheism, atheism,
theology
thermometer, theorem,
heat
thermal, thermos bottle,
thermostat, hypothermia
antithesis, hypothesis,
place, put
synthesis, epithet
draw, pull
attire, retire, entire
atom (not cutable),
appendectomy,
cut
tonsillectomy,
dichotomy, anatomy
torture, retort, extort,
twist
distort, contort, torsion,
tortuous, torturous
toxic, intoxicate,
poison
antitoxin
attract, tractor, traction,
extract, retract, protract,
drag, draw, pull
detract, subtract,
contract, intractable
transform, transoceanic,
across, beyond, change transmit, transportation,
transducer
tripod, triangle, trinity,
three
trilateral
tribute, contribute,
attribute, retribution,
pay, bestow
tributary
contribute, distribute,
give
tributary
turbulent, disturb,
disturb
turbid, turmoil
type, prototype, typical,
print
typography, typewriter,
typology, typify

25

Root, Prefix
Meaning
or Suffix
ultima
last
umber,
shadow
umbraticum
un
not, against, opposite
uni

one

-ure

Noun: act, condition,

process, function

vac

empty

vade

go

vale, vali, valu strength, worth

veh, vect

to carry

ven, vent

come

ver, veri

true

verb, verv

word

vert, vers

turn, change

vi

way

vic, vicis

change, substitute

vict, vinc

conquer

vid, vis

see

Examples

Translation

ultimate, ultimatum
umbra, penumbra, (take)
umbrage, adumbrate
unceasing, unequal
uniform, unilateral,
universal, unity,
unanimous, unite,
unison, unicorn
exposure, conjecture,
measure
vacate, vacuum,
evacuate, vacation,
vacant, vacuous
evade, invader
equivalent, valiant,
validity, evaluate, value,
valor
vector, vehicle,
convection, vehement
convene, intervene,
venue, convenient,
avenue, circumvent,
invent, convent, venture,
event, advent, prevent
very, aver, verdict,
verity, verify,
verisimilitude
verify, veracity,
verbalize, verve
convert, revert,
advertise, versatile,
vertigo, invert,
reversion, extravert,
introvert, diversion,
introvert, convertible,
reverse, controversy
viable, vibrate, vibrant
vicarious, vicar,
vicissitude
victor, evict, convict,
convince, invincible
video, evident, provide,
providence, visible,

26

Root, Prefix
or Suffix

Meaning

viv, vita, vivi

alive, life

voc, voke

call

vol

will

volcan

fire

volv, volt, vol turn about, roll

vor
-ward
-wise
with
-y
-y
zo

eat greedily

Examples

Translation

revise, supervise, vista,

visit, vision, review,
indivisible
revive, survive, vivid,
vivacious, vitality,
vivisection, vital,
vitamins, revitalize
vocation, avocation,
convocation, invocation,
evoke, provoke, revoke,
advocate, provocative,
vocal
malevolent, benevolent,
volunteer, volition
volcano, vulcanize,
Vulcan
revolve, voluble,
voluminous,
convolution, revolt,
evolution
voracious, carnivorous,
herbivorous,
omnivorous, devour

Adverb: in a direction
homeward
or manner
Adverb: in the manner timewise, clockwise,
of, with regard to
bitwise
withhold, without,
against
withdraw, forthwith
Noun: state, condition,
society, victory
result of an activity
Adjective: marked by, hungry, angry, smeary,
having
teary
zoo (zoological garden),
animal
zoology, zodiac,
protozoan

Source: http://www.prefixsuffix.com/rootchart.php

27