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I. INTRODUCTION
A directional coupler of four-port passive device
commonly used for coupling a known fraction of the
microwave power to a port( coupled port) in the auxiliary line
while flowing from the input port to the output port in the
main line. The remaining port is an ideally isolated port and
matched terminated. Bethe-hole coupler is one of the type of
Waveguide directional coupler in which two waveguide
coupled together through one hole in common broad wall as
shown in fig (1).
C 20 log
A
dB
A10
(1)
D 20log
A10
dB
A10
(2)
A10
1
1
E10 J dv
H10 Mdv
P10
P10
jwA
0 m 2 s 2
s
2 s
2 sin
2 2 cos 2
0 e sin
P10
a
Z10
a a
a
(3)
A10
1
1
E10 J dv
H10 Mdv
P10
P10
jwA
0 m 2 s 2
s
2 s
sin
sin
2 2 cos 2
0 e
2
P10
a
Z10
a a
a
(4)
II. DESIGN
We have considered bethe-hole coupler of S aperture
couple two parallel waveguides. Here in Design used WR-90
type waveguide which is used for X-band application. An
aperture excites forward and reverse travelling waves with
different amplitudes.The structure of bethe-hole coupler is
symmetric with respect to all four ports. Basic definition of
coupling and directivity giving by the following formula,
ISSN: 2231-5381
2r03
and
3
4r03
, where r0
3
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International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) - Volume4Issue4- April 2013
sin
0
s
2
2
2 2
a
4 k0 a
2 02 a 2
(5)
Design a Bethe-hole coupler of type shown in figure(1) for Xband waveguide WR-90 operating at 9Ghz,with a coupling of 20 dB.
We have the following constant,a = 2.286cm, b =1.016cm, 0 =c / f =
3.333cm, k0= 2 / 0 = 1.886cm-1, = 2 / g = 1.29cm-1,Z10 = k00 /
= 550.9 ohm, P10= a*b / Z10=4.215 10-3 cm2/ohm,
Then (5) can be used to find the aperture position s, from (1) get
aperture radius and for directivity equation (2) is used. For solving all
these equation we get s=0.969cm, r0=0.415cm and directivity
D= -62.95dB.
III.
SIMULATION
IV.
COMPARISON
In this case the radius of hole is taken same as calculated.
The simulated results of HFSS is close to designed value.
Table 1 shows the comparison of coupling coefficient and
directivity of coupler with HFSS and calculated at 9GHz.
Figure (2) HFSS model of coupler
ISSN: 2231-5381
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International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) - Volume4Issue4- April 2013
CODE
Coupling
coefficient
Directivity
HFSS
-25.69dB
-64.33dB
Calculated
-21.62dB
-62.95dB
REFERENCES
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
CONCLUSION
X-band 20dB Bethe-hole waveguide coupler is designed.
Result of design calculation and simulation are closely
matching. The theoretical calculations helped in engineering
drawing of this coupler is ready and it is in the process of
fabrication.
V.
[6]
[7]
[8]
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The author is thankful to Dr. Niraj Shah, and Prof. Brijesh
Shah, for their support and encouragement during the research
Endeavour. We would like to thank V. T. Patel Department of
Electronics and Communication, CHARUSAT University,
India, for cooperation in the research work.
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[9]
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