MASTER PLAN OF SCADA DISTRIBUTION

TEMPLATE DEVELOPMENT
Fajrie Agus Dwino Putra #1, THL Toruan #2
# PLN Pusat Enjiniring Ketenagalistrikan, Indonesia
1

fajrie.agus@pln.co.id

thl.toruan@pln.co.id

PLN has more than 100 distribution branch spread in

Indonesia. Part of the units serves either a metropolitan or
some medium and small cities. As PLN in house consultant,
PLN Engineering Center develops a SCADA master plan
template of distribution network. The master plan is required
to build new distribution SCADA or increase the existing
SCADA in correct track which complies with the criteria and
applied standard.

1.

This master plan is suitable for medium voltage level. The

criteria applied include SCADA system, communication
system, distribution network performing, network coverage
area, reliability, and network topography. The master plan is
initiated by a network survey which consists of
documentation of medium voltage network and load
measurement. The result of the survey is used to make
achievement of SCADA GIS/ DMS, i.e.: the architecture of
SCADA System, design criteria, software and hardware for
SCADA GIS/DMS, DMS Application, DTS application and
building for SCADA Control Center.

TABLE I, SCADA MEASUREMENTS

No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17

Master plan SCADA consider basic function of SCADA, the

basic function is controlling, metering and signaling. Using
three basic function, we can make detail tele-information
(TIP) and by using TIP we can make estimation cost.
1.

OVERVIEW

PLN is required to provide the best service to customers, one

of the ways customer service is fulfillment of the best power
supply quantity and quality. Customers satisfaction Value
can be based on a PLN's performance value such as good
value in SAIDI SAIFI and losses; this can be achieved with
improvements the electrical system assisted with automatic
and digital equipment. This system can be created with
SCADA; cause of the basic function of SCADA is as tele
controlling, tele signaling, tele metering and tele protection.
2.

THE BASIC FUNCTION OF SCADA

ThebasicfunctionofSCADAisasfollows:

Tele metering, with this function SCADA capable give

the measurement values for each component of the
electrical equipment, so that an operator of electricity
does not need to perform measurements directly
spaciousness, because the value of SCADA
measurements provide highly antecedent is accurate and
cannot be manipulated, so that by knowing value
measurement, an analysis system engineer can directly
observe the condition of the system in real time, by
knowing real time conditions of the system is very
helpful in making decisions to operate the network
system with follow the rule standards, such as standard
of voltage drops, standard of losses, standard of feeder
loading (CCC) and Other standard. The value was taken
by SCADA measurements can see in Table I:

2.

Measurements Value
Frequency
Voltage
Current
Active Power (P)
Reactive Power(Q)
Power Factor
Counter Of Circuit Breaker
Temperature
Pressure
Real Power Setting
Max Power Variation Setting
Amperes Fault ( Per Phase )
Kilo watt Hour
Kilo var Hour
Relative Humidity
Counter Arrester
Counter Tap Position Indication

Tele Signaling, with this SCADA function can harden

dispatcher and a network operator to know where is the
equipment working (problem) quickly without having to
check all existing equipment in the field, so as soon as
possible to recovery the system from fault and the
quality of customer service can also increase. The

equipment is usually capture the information of events

(signaling) by the SCADA system, can see in Table II:
TABLE II, ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT THAT WAS SIGNALED BY SCADA

NO
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

3.

EQUIPMENT
Dummy Circuit Breaker
Circuit Breaker
Auto Recloser
Load Break Switch
Recloser Reset
Bus Isolator Switch
Line Isolator Switch
Tap Changer
Check Synchronizing Override
Earth Switch
Circuit Breaker Rack in/Rack
out
Reset Master Trip
Generator Unit
Load Freq Request
Control Disable Switch
Capacitor

3.

FLOW OF THE WORK

Before making a master plan and road map SCADA

necessary to do collection data survey and validation of
survey. After the data was collected, the road map of existing
electrical equipment can be processed too. Based on the
equipment installed and the electricity sector development
plan, The Electrical system needs can be analyst consists of
PLN standard. The electrical system need is represented by
Tele Information Plan (TIP). The master plan of SCADA is
made by based on the PLN standard and the assessment of
SCADA needs analyst, Master plan is consist of SCADA
Design Criteria Standard start from the determination of
SCADA Master until the pacifications of network
configuration (e.g. configuration of Substation, connection
Substation and key points).
Start
Survey preparation and
Collecting Data

Tele Controlling, with SCADA operator can operate and

switching the equipment just in front of a workstation
without having to feel relieved. The equipment is
usually in control of SCADA, can see in table III:

Validation and
Compiling data

TABLE II, ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT THAT WAS CONTROL BY SCADA

NO
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

4.

EQUIPMENT
Dummy Breaker Closed/Opened
Circuit Breaker Closed/Opened
Auto Recloser Use/Unused
Load Break Switch Close/Open
Recloser Reset
Bus Isolator Switch Closed/Opened
Line Isolator Switch Closed/Opened
Local Remote
Local/Remote Switch For Tap changer
Tap Changer Auto/Manual
Tap Changer Raise/Lower
check synchronizing override
Earth Switch Closed/Opened **)
Circuit Breaker Rack in/Rack out
Transformer Fan Auto/Manual
Synchronization Auto/Manual
Reset Master Trip
Generator Unit Run/Stop
Load Freq Request On/Off
Control Disable Switch
Capacitor Auto/Manual

Tele Protection is the combination of the three previous

functions, by exploiting the three previous functions we
can protect the equipment from danger / fault. We can
perform protective equipment via software or SCADA
application. If the measurement value of the equipment
has pass standard rating, so SCADA will perform the
function by giving an alarm signaling and tele
controlling function can be also work.

Complete?

No

Electricity Master Plan

Yes
Road MAP Electrical
Components
Standard and Design
criteria
Analyze the needs of
SCADATEL
SACADA TEL
Master Plan

SACADA TEL
Road Map

Figure 1 Flow Chart of Distribution SCADA Master Plan

4.

DATA SURVEY

Survey is needed in the making of SCADA master plan, if the

result of a survey that has been done it is valid so output of
SCADA master plan and road map will be better. There are
some data to be collected when we do survey, the data are
technical and non technical data. Technical data is consisting
of:

2
...
N

Protocol

Quantity of Voice canals

Quantity of Data canals

Communication Speed

Bandwidth

Type Modem

Communication Media

Generator

Gen Transformation

Reactor

Capacitor

Incoming 20 Kv

Feeder

Bus Section

Bus Coupler

Bus bar

IED

B2

LBS

A1

CB

Connection
Substation

BUSBAR

TABLE VII, CONNECTION SUBSTATION COMPONENTS

...
N

5.

To

No

2.

The universal Plan of Electricity Development, such as

the construction plan of generator and construction plan
of substation, connection substation and key point.
The trouble report of distribution system (Fault time,
cause fault and duration of recovery)

FROM

TABLE VI, SUBSTATION COMPONENTS

Non-technical data consists of:

1.

IED

Key Points Data likes; type of Key Point, SCADA

equipment installed (Remote Terminal Unit (RTU), type
of communication media, power supply data, capacity
and speed of communication, protocol installed, etc.).

Type RTU

5.

The connection substation data, such as Single Line

Diagram of connection substation, relay data protection,
substation's IED in connection substation data, installed
SCADA data (Remote Terminal Unit (RTU), type of
communication media, capacity and speed of
communication, protocol installed, etc.), power supply
data and control equipment installed data.

B
C

Type RTU

4.

Substation Data, likes; Single Line Diagram of

substation, protection relays data, substations IED data,
existing SCADA data (Remote Terminal Unit (RTU),
type of communication media, capacity and speed of
communication, protocol installed, etc.), power supply
data and control equipment installed data.

A
B

Year operated

3.

1
2
...
N

Year operated

Information of generation (installed or planned) that is

directly supply to distribution systems, the data are likes:
Single Line Diagram of unit Generator, Distributed
Control System (DCS),
communications data
(
protocols,
existing
communication
media,
communication capacity, etc.), type generation, power
capacity generation and rating of generating equipment.

Substation Name

2.

TABLE V, COMMUNICATION COMPONENTS

No

The existing SCADA Master Data likes SCADA Master

Specification, Master License, Master's capacities and
capabilities, the application of SCADA / DMS, Master
Configuration, and UPS.

No

1.

Z0

ROAD MAP ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS

In order to more easily analyze the data after the survey

should be made a summary of the equipment installed or
planned, to make the tables as follows Table IV until Table
VII:

BB

SCADA requirement reflected in the amount of Tele

information Plan (TIP) are required. TIP is based on
combining the basic functions of SCADA and the number of
electrical components. The TIP table can see in Table VIII:

...
N

ZZ

AVR

Recloser

6.

LBS

AA

IED

Key Point

RTU

No

Capacitor

TABLE IV, KEY POINT COMPONENTS

SCADA and telecommunication needs can be made based on

the number of components that will be connect to SCADA
like in this table above. for making the distribution of
equipment Road map can be done based on the number of
electrical components and specified in the operation, road
map of SCADA components are made based on detailed of
road map.

ANALYZE THE NEEDS OF SCADATEL

TABLE VIII, TELE INFORMATION PLANTS

Substation

No

Name

Number Of
Indication
R
T
U

Point With Spare

Number of I/O
T T R
C M C
D

T
S
D

T
S
S

7.2. Criteria and Availability system

Connection
Substation
Number Of
Indication
Point With
Spare
R
T
Number of
U
I/O
T R T T
M C S S
D D S

Key Point

R
T
U

Number Of
Indication
Point With
Spare
Number of
I/O
T R T T
M C S S
D D S

Before build SCADA system should be know the criteria and

availability system, this criteria and availabaity system can
see in Table IX;
TABLE IX, CRITERIA AND AVAILABILITY SISTEM
No

Description

Availability
(%)

Max No. of
Unavailable
Hours per Annum

Critical SCADA/DMS
Functions

99.95 %

4.38 hrs

Control Centre Power Supply

System (including Diesel
Generator and UPS Systems)

99.97 %

2.63 hrs

Remote Terminal Units

99.90 %

8.76 hrs

Telecommunication Equipment

99.90 %

8.76 hrs

TC : Tap Changer
TM: Tele Measurement
RCD: Remote Control Digital
TSD: Tele Signal Double
TSS: Tele Signal Single

7.3. Architectures Of SCADA System

Based on the calculations of TIP we can analyze the SCADA

requirement, there are some things that should be considered
in determining the SCADA requirement, such as:

SCADA Architecture Determination is part of art, each

person must have the different arts, but a few things to note
are:

1. Availability of communication line and capable to

carrying TIP data.
2. The technology of SCADA Master with the applications,
licenses and response time data acquisition.
3. Determination priorities of Key Point..
4. Network development plan and year of the plan operated.
5. Company's financial capability.

1. Design Master Station, to maintain system security, each

server should be installed on several machines and each
server must consist of Master and Slave, examples of
master station design can be seen in figures 2:
DISPATCHER
WORKSTATION
(2 Set)

ENGINER
WORKSTATION
(1 Set)

SERVER SCADA
(1 Set, Redundant)

GPS CLOCK
(1 Set, Redundant)

SERVER EMS
(1 Set, Redundant)

SERVER HIS
(1 Set, Redundant)

PROJECTION
MULTIMEDIA
(1 Set)

Switch Gigabit
Ethernet LAN
Gateway/
Router +
Firewall

SERVER
SUBSYSTEM
KOMUNIKASI
(1 Set, Redundant)

7.

DESIGN CRITERIA

Switch 100 Megabit

Ethernet LAN

7.1. Criteria of Response Time

Rack+
Modem

RTU
IEC 870-5-104
Ethernet

Remote control

: 2.0 sec

Status indication

: 2.0 sec

Analog measurement

: 3.0 sec

Update data analog and digital : 1.0 mn

Response time need support good capabilities communication
facility and reliable.
These criteria can be fulfilled by the SCADA or DMS by
taking into account the ability of computer memory,
communication channels and grouping channel used RTU.

RTU
IEC 870-5-101
DNP 3.0, Serial

Static Display
(3 buah)

Inter Centre Link

IEC 870-6 (ICCP)

SERVER
PRINTER

Color Printer

B/W Printer
Workstation diluar control center
Switch 100 Megabit
Ethernet LAN

Kinerja SCADA
Operasi
(1 set)

Off Line
Data Base
Server
(1 set)

Figure 2 Example of Master Station

2. Design Communications, to better communications
should be use the Fiber optic, because the fiber optical is
an excellent communication medium, but this must be
supported by modem technology. Every RTU should have
a backup communications path; in that case if a single line
of communication failure, we still have the other one lines
of communication. The examples of communication
design can be seen in the following figures:

1.

FO2x8core
15Km

FO8core
23Km
FO8core
21Km

2.

FO8core
12Km

FO8core
21Km

Figure 3 Example of Communication design

3. Design Key points, to determination of key points should

be seen the priorities scale, there are several criteria for
determining the key points of medium voltage network
configuration, among others:
-

For Radial Network, at least one located in the

middle of the network
For spindle Network, at least three that are on base,
middle and end of the network
For Open loop Network, key point should located at
each switching point

3.

Feeder Coloring, SCADA Applications must be able to

give different colors to every feeder on SLD/ GIS
according to the sources of supply, so when the feeder
change the power supply there must be a direct
switching colors change according to the sources of
supply.
GIS Application, SCADA must be able to display on
geographic distribution systems, SCADA not only view
but also can take action from the GIS Application and
DMS Application,
o Mode Operatiton DMS
o State Estimator
o Distribution Load Flow (DLF) Balanced/
Imbalance
o Optimal Load Flow
o Optimal Switching /Loss Minimization
o Contingency Analysis
o Short Circuit Analysis
o Protection System Coordination
o Volt/Var Control (VVC)
o Load Shedding (LS)
o Fault Detection, Isolation and Restoration (FDIR)
o Switching Sequence Management (SSM)
o Work Order Management (WOM)
DTS application, an application of the exact simulation
of the real system.DTS application, DTS function is to
conduct training application / experiment.

7.4. Hardware And Software for SCADA

8.

Determination Spec a SCADA equipment is paramount in

building a SCADA system, the quality and safety of a
distribution network is determined by best SCADA system,
as for SCADA spec should be noted are as follows:

Master plan of SCADA distribution network template

development can result the recommendation for electrical
system improvement, improvement of operation, reduction of
losses, enhancement of reliability and development program
of electrical system in the future.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Spec of SCADA Server

Spec of RTU
Spec of Modem
Spec of UPS & GPS
Spec of Work Station

Determination of the Master Station software, start from the

application license should be available to ultimate, because to
built SCADA Ultimate and small SCADA usually not too
different. vendor sometimes likes to lie about the software
and licenses that they give to PLN, there are several vendors
often say that the software which they install on master
SCADA are available with any thing and have the unlimited
data base capacity, but in the real case that to use this
application could be that even the license and unlimited
database capacity, but in fact we have to add another fee for
using these application. The number of applications that must
be on a SCADA master are like in this table, among others:

CONCLUTION

The results shall be including into master plan study of

SCADA distribution system of medium voltage line are as
follows: Tele information Plan, Road map of SCADA,
Desain of Master Station, Desain of comunication, SCADA
Equipment spec and SCADA Apllication Spec.

9.

REFFERENCE

[1]

PLN Team, SPLN S1.001;2008; Standar Perencanaan dan

pembangunan sistem SCADA, 2008

[2]

PLN Team, SPLN S2.001;2008; TIP Pemeliharaan Instalasi sistem

Tenaga Listrik, 2008

[3]

PLN Team, SPLN S3.001;2008; TIP Operasi jaringan Tenaga Listrik,

2008

[4]

PLN Team, SPLN S5.001;2008; Peralatan SCADA Sistem Tenaga

Listrik, 2008