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Xenakis Apostolos
University Of Thessaly
Volos, Greece
axenakis@inf.uth.gr
Kikiras Panagiotis
University Of Thessaly
Volos, Greece
kikirasp@inf.uth.gr
Stamoulis George
University Of Thessaly
Volos, Greece
george@inf.uth.gr
required for a WSN to function. These sensors can be
programmed to record measures like temperature and
humidity. All the data which are collected from the
sensors, using a wireless multi-hop routing technology
[6], end up in a gateway which transfers them to the
end user through wireless network, internet or LAN
[1][7], as it is shown in figure 1.
Abstract
In this paper a new way to build a wireless sensor
network is proposed, which is based on measuring the
fields electrical conductivity, staying away from the
classic network grid implementation. Furthermore it is
explained how a typical WSN works, which are the
pros and cons and the technical characteristics, as
well as how electrical conductivity can influence the
decision to build the WSN topology and the advantage
of this approach comparing to the typical ones.
1. Introduction
Precision Agriculture refers to the use of an
information system for the within-field management of
crops [1][2][3]. This basically means to add the right
quantity of fertilizer to the right time and to the exact
location within certain cultivate extend of ground. This
means than every part of the crop is treated in different
way and not as a whole part. The use of precision
agriculture techniques gives agronomists the potential
to apply new and continuously developing
technologies which help to manage better the
production. Some of these technologies are GPS, GIS,
Remote Sensing, variable Rate Technology, Machine
Controls, Smart Sensor Arrays and WSN technology
[4][5].
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3. Simulation Results
Rmase provides a set of performance metrics for
comparing
different
routing
algorithms,
including latency, throughput, success/loss rate and
energy consumption/efficiency. The simulation time is
calibrated to 100 seconds. Some definitions of the
metrics are:
Latency: Time to send a message from source to
destination. For any destination, if n packets have
arrived, latency for that destination is given by
n di
=1 n , where di is the latency of the ith packet.
Network latency is then averaged by the number of
destinations as shown in figure 4.
Throughput: Number of messages per second
received at destination. The throughput of the network
is the sum of the throughputs from all destinations as
shown in figure 5.
Success Rate: The total number of packets received
at all the destinations vs. the total number of packets
sent from all the sources as shown in figure 6.
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6. References
Figure 8: Network Energy Consumption
The
difference
in
energy
consumption,
energy_grid(i) energy_veris(i) for i = 1..100 is
greater than zero and keeps increasing. That shows us
that if we continue simulation for more than 100
seconds energy consumption in veris keeps decreasing
compared to grid. That observation is very important in
a sensor network.
4. Conclusions
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