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Chapters 7 & 8 Test Review

Ethnicity and Political Geography
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What are the elements of cultural diversity?

Which is the most dramatic change in the geographic distribution of African Americans in the United States?
Summarize the motives of European states establishing colonies?
What is a group of people who occupy a particular area and have a strong sense of unity based on a set of shared
beliefs?
Which does the United States Census Bureau not consider a race?
What is the difference between a frontier and a boundary?
Native Americans and Alaska Natives make up what percentage of the total U.S. population?
Why did large-scale migration occur in South Asia after 1947?
Over the past half century, the number of sovereign states in the world has increased by more than how many?
What has the European Union done for Western Europe?
What is the most important centripetal force in Yugoslavia before its breakup?
What is loyalty and devotion to a state that represents a particular group's culture?
What is a state that places most power in the hands of a central government?
What is the only state in southern Africa that first elected a Black as president during the 1990s?
What are some strong centripetal forces in the United States?
What is the nationality of the United Kingdom?
Economic competition among regions has become more important than military competition since the end of
which war?
Two cities in Morocco, Ceuta and Melilla, are controlled by what country?
Describe the distribution of ethnicities in the United States.
Why is conflict widespread in Africa?
Through what 2 things is ethnic identity for descendants of European immigrants primarily preserved?
The border between Germany and Poland established after World War II was further _________ than the
boundary before World War II.
Why is Denmark a good example of a nation-state?
As a result of 1979 Soviet invasion, what country generated one of the world's largest refugee migrations?
African Americans are clustered in what area of the United States?
Describe White flight.
As part of the triangular slave trade system, what did ships bound for Europe carry?
Which European countries are not currently members of the United Nations?
What caused the breakup of Yugoslavia during the 1990s?
From what can elongated states suffer?
What are some elongated countries in the world?
Asian Americans are clustered in what area of the United States?
Describe the type of boundary between the United States and Mexico?
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What is a territory tied to a state rather than being completely independent?
What is the only large land mass not part of a sovereign state?
What is Racism?
Which shape most easily fosters the establishment of effective internal communications for a smaller state?
What were the first states in ancient Mesopotamia?
Fragmented states are discontinuous, separated by water or another state. Which of the following fragmented
states has recently faced war because of fragmentation?
What country is a good example of a nation divided between more than one state?
The former Soviet Union used which as the primary centripetal device?

43. From where did the first widespread use of the nation-state concept come?
44. Why did the British created different government structures for its various colonies?
45. What are the Kurds?
46. What did Poland do after the fall of communism?
47. When did political unity in the ancient world reach its height?
48. What does a state with control over its internal affairs have?
49. To which region were most African slaves shipped?
50. Where is conflict over territory in the Middle East strongest?
51. States cooperate with each other for what kind of reasons?
52. Of what is the Aozou Strip is a good example?
53. To what does Balkanization refer?
54. The United Nations is primarily what kind of cooperative effort?
55. What do cultural boundaries include?
56. According to what were the boundaries redrawn in much of Europe after World War I?
57. By 1900, what could the British claim about their empire?
58. NAFTA is primarily what kind of cooperative effort?
59. With the breakup of the Soviet Union, where nearly all Russians clustered?
60. For what reason did the Lebanese civil war result when the country broke down?
61. What is an area organized into an independent political unit?
62. What is the Fertile Crescent?
63. What was the main reason for forced migration in Ethiopia?
64. From where does the largest proportion of Asian Americans come?
65. Describe the problems experienced by Cyprus during the past two decades.
66. Los Angeles has what kind of ethnic distribution?
67. What court case established the "separate but equal"?
68. What is the process when a group forcibly removes another group is called?
69. Why, primarily, have an increasing number of states have adopted a federal form of government?
70. Among the Azerbaijanis, Armenians, & Kurds, the Azerbaijanis are the only group that speaks which language?
71. When do ethnicities in the same country come into conflict?
72. Of what is a state is a good example?
73. The most numerous ethnicities in the United States today include all but what?
74. In the United States, what is shared by all Americans?
75. There are some extremely small states in the world. They are mostly in which hemisphere?
76. What is a feature of the physical environment commonly used to separate states?
77. Describe the elements of nationalism.
78. Why did the Germans establish the proruption known as the Caprivi Strip in present-day Namibia?
79. What was a distinctive feature of the world's superpowers between the 1940s and 1980s compared to other eras?
80. What does self-identification include?
81. What country in the Middle East does not have a long tradition of nationality?
82. The largest Hispanic/Latino groups in the United States are mostly from which countries?
83. Neighborhood changes in ethnicity are best explained by the promoting of what?
84. In what ways has globalization affected Africa?
85. By what is a nation is typically distinguished?
86. What happened from 1910 to 1950, to the population density of African Americans in ghettos?
87. Latinos and Hispanics are clustered in what areas of the United States?
88. Which country rules the most populous colony?
89. Why is conflict in Africa widespread?
90. Explain the situation between China and Taiwan in relation to the UN.
91. After World War II ended, why were millions of people were forced to migrate?
92. What conditions most affect the ability of some countries to participate in the global economy?
93. How were nation-states in Europe formed?
94. The concept that nationalities have the right to govern themselves is known as what?
95. Most of Lebanon is now controlled by which country?
96. What is the attempt by one country to impose political control over another territory?