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C
ConcreteDesign
t D i
Presentedby:SeanDang,P.E.
Createdby:SeanDang,P.E.
Date:April2011
ConcreteACI31808
page
ConcreteACI31808
page
ThisisnewlyaddedtotheSCOPEforclarificationpurposes.
h
l dd d
h
f
l f
TheStrengthEvaluationofExistingStructureshasalready
beenimplementedinChapter20ofthe2005ACICode.
ConcreteACI31808
page
ConcreteACI31808
FromACICode
page
FromACICommentaryy
L
LecturesNotes
N
Piles,caissons,etciftheysupporta
structureassignedtoSeismicDesign
CategoriesD E andFaregovernby
CategoriesD,E,andFaregovernby
ACI.
AllothersareregulatedbytheBuilding
Code(ie.Chapter18&19).
Example:
Micropilesbeneathaforparkinglot
ConcreteACI31808
page
FromACICode
Deformedsteelfibers(nextfewpages)
Headedshearstuds(seebelow)
ConcreteACI31808
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ForRef.Only:nochangeinSec.11.11.4
y
g
4
ConcreteACI31808
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FromACICode
Sec.7.7.5specifiestheamountofconcrete
coverforshearstudreinforcement.
coverforshearstudreinforcement
ConcreteACI31808
FromACICode
page
Mainlyforslabs
y
Verygoodtopreventshearcracks
TheCodedoesNOT mentionthis
y
g
reinforcementanywhereelseagain.
Therearenodesignparametersforthis
material.
Mixturecontent?Fibervs.Concrete
Noadditionalrebars required??
Requiredthicknessoftheslab???
Deformedsteelfibers
Deformedsteelfiberscastinconcrete
ConcreteACI31808
FromACICode
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ConcreteACI31808
page
C
Becautious whenitis
usedtoterminate
verticalrebarfor
boundaryelementsof
ashearwall
ashearwall.
Theengineerneeds
tocheckthe
developmentlength
incompression.
ConcreteACI31808
page
10
TherequirementsofStructuralIntegrityis
notnew,however,therequirementstogain
structuralintegrityhasbeenrevised.
ForSlabs,atleastonebottombartopass
thruthecolumncore
ForPerimeter Beams,atleasttwobarsto
passthruthecolumncore
InteriorBeamswillbediscussedlater
DenotesNeworChangesin
ACI31808
ConcreteACI31808
page
11
ForPerimeterBeams
Theamountofbeamreinforcementto
requiredforstructuralintegritydidnot
q
g y
change.
Oldcodejustaskfortwocontinuous
barswithoutanyotherrequirements.
Column
Newcoderequirescontinuousbarsto
passthroughtheregionboundedbythe
l
longitudinalreinforcementofthe
it di l i f
t fth
column
C l
Column
ConcreteACI31808
ForPerimeterBeams(continue)
page
12
Structuraldetailshowingabeamthat
g
iswiderthanthesupportingcolumn.
Notetheamountofrebar
passingthruthecolumncore
forstructuralintegrity.
ConcreteACI31808
ForPerimeterBeams(continue)
page
13
ForRef only:nochangeinthe
ForRef.only:nochangeinthe
developmentlength
Oldcodeallowed
ClassUstirrups
??
OldcodeallowedClassA
splice.Newcoderequires
ClassBsplice.Seeabove.
ConcreteACI31808
page
ForPerimeterBeams(continue)
Thisisnew!
OldcodeallowedClassUstirrups
14
ConcreteACI31808
ForPerimeterBeams(continue)
page
15
FromACICommentary
Thisconcernfortorquestressesisalsothereasonfor
requiringaportionofthelongitudinalreinforcementswithin
thePerimeterBeams(andnotforinteriorbeams),topass
thruthecolumncoreformoretorsional
h h l
i
l resistance.
i
Transversereinforcementwithinaperimeterbeam.
ConcreteACI31808
ForInteriorBeams
page
16
ForRef.only:nochangeinpunching
y
g
p
g
shearrequirements
Column
Caution!OthersectionslikePunching
Shearmaystillrequirethelongitudinal
reinforcementtopassthroughtheregion
reinforcementtopass
throughtheregion
boundedbythelongitudinalreinforcement
ofthecolumn.
ConcreteACI31808
page
17
TheACIintroducesaLightweight
Concretemultiplier thruouttheCode
whereeverisused.
Doyounoticeanythingdifferent
abovethisdevelopmentlength
equation?
ConcreteACI31808
page
Thisischanged!
Inthe2005Codelambda=1.3
Inthe2008Code,lambda=0.75
18
ConcreteACI31808
page
19
Review
Elastic:capableofreturningtoits
originallength,shape,etc.,afterbeing
stretched deformed ie Elastic
stretched,deformed,ie.Elastic
Displacement,Deformation.
NonlinearAnalysis??
LinearAnalysis??
Inelastic:NOTreturningtoitsoriginal
g
g
form.Duetocracks,rebarslippage,etc..
InelasticDisplacement,Deformation.Ie.
inelasticdisplacement,inelasticdeformation.
Yield:changefromelastictopermanent
deformationbuthasNOTnot collapse.
Ductile:aseriesofcyclicrotationinits
yieldedstateandstillabsorbingenergy.
Brittle:astiffelementthatfractureseasily
Collapse:Youshouldknowthis.
Ductilityisjustifiedwith
D
ili i j ifi d i h
testing
ConcreteACI31808
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20
ConcreteACI31808
FromSection8.8.2:
page
21
ThisisNew!
Checkbuildingswayingunderwind
l di
loading:
Columns:1.4x0.70Ig =0.98Ig
4
35 g =0.60Ig
g
Beams:1.4x0.35Ig
Walls:1.4x0.35Ig =0.60Ig
Thisismainlyfortallslender
OCCUPIEDBuildingsorhighrise
structures.
ConcreteACI31808
page
22
Thestrengthreductionfactorforspiral
reinforcementhaschangedfrom0 90to
reinforcementhaschangedfrom0.90to
0.75
Inthe2008Code,thefactorwas
increasedto0.60from0.55.
Notsurehowthisisused,butinLACity
reinforceconcreteisrequiredbecauseof
i f
t i
i db
f
SeismicityZone.
ConcreteACI31808
page
23
ThisisNew!
Transversereinforcementshallnot
exceedfy =80,000psiEXCEPT:
Spiralreinforcedcolumns
SpecialMomentFrames
SpecialStructuralWalls(shear
walls)
Highstrengthtiescanhelpalleviate
rebarcongestion(moreonthislater).
ConcreteACI31808
page
24
Eqn:(1010)willbefromacomputer
q (
)
p
analysis.Duetotheinelasticstory
drift.
Forhandcalculationsitwouldbeeasier
toassume notbracedagainstsidesway
toassumenotbracedagainstsidesway
ascheckforSlendernessEffect.
Thisprocedurehasnotchanged
fromtheoldcode,exceptthatthe
contenthasbeenreorganized.
ConcreteACI31808
2008ACInowprovidesanalternativeway
p
y
todetermineswayornonswaycolumns.
Thisisnew!Butdifficulttousewithoutacomputer.
Seepreviousslidesforhandcalc.alternative.
page
25
ConcreteACI31808
page
Thisisnew!
FromACICommentary
y
Secondordermeans
Pdeltaeffects
P
v
m
h
P +m<1.4m
26
ConcreteACI31808
page
27
Nochangeintheprescriptivevaluesfor
h
d d
f
thereducedmomentofinertia.
Thisisnew!
The2008Codeprovidesalternative
equationstodeterminethereduced
momentofinertia
ConcreteACI31808
Sec.14.8.3Slenderwalldesign
4 3
g
page
ACICommentary
y
28
ConcreteACI31808
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29
ConcreteACI31808
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30
ConcreteACI31808
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31
Thisisnew!
Severalsectionshavebeenaddedtothis
chapter.
Wewillnotbediscussingtheseitems.
Itisashortchapterwith5pages.
ConcreteACI31808
21.1.1.3 StructuresassignedtoSeismic
DesignCategoryAshallsatisfyrequirements
ofChapters1to19and22;Chapter21does
notapply. StructuresassignedtoSeismic
DesignCategoryB,C,D,EorFalsoshall
satisfy21.1.1.4through21.1.1.8,asapplicable.
Exceptforstructuralelementsofplain
concretecomplyingwithSection1908.1.8of
theCaliforniaBuildingCode,structural
elementsofplainconcreteareprohibitedin
structuresassignedtoSeismicDesign
CategoryC,D,EorF
page
32
LACityAmendment.
Languageaddedtoprohibitplain(non
reinforced)concrete.
i f
d)
ConcreteACI31808
21.1.1.7 Structuralsystemsdesignatedaspartof
theseismicforceresistingsystemshallbe
restrictedtothosepermittedbyASCE7.Except
forSeismicDesignCategoryA,forwhich
Chapter21doesnotapply,thefollowing
provisionsshallbesatisfiedforeachstructural
systemdesignatedaspartoftheseismicforce
resistingsystem,regardlessoftheSeismic
DesignCategory:
(a)Ordinarymomentframesshallsatisfy21.2.
(b)Ordinaryreinforcedconcretestructuralwalls
andordinaryprecaststructuralwallsneednot
satisfyanyprovisionsinChapter21.
(c)Intermediatemomentframesshallsatisfy
21.3.
(d)Intermediateprecaststructuralwallsshall
satisfy21.4.
(e)Specialmomentframesshallsatisfy21.5
through21.8.
(f)Specialstructuralwallsshallsatisfy21.9.
(g)Specialstructuralwallsconstructedusing
precastconcreteshallsatisfy21.10.
page
33
LACityAmendment.
LACityAmendment
ThisisthefirsttimeACIprovides
designparametersfor:
OrdinaryMomentFrames
OrdinaryShearwalls
IntermediateMomentFrames
ConcreteACI31808
page
34
N h
f
i
d
Nochangefrompreviouscode.
NoideawhatASTM706isbutthereare
noqualifyingconditionsassociated
withthismaterial.
Buttheconditions(a)&(b)onlyapplies
toASTMA615Grades40andGrades60
reinforcement.
((retestsshallnotexceedthisvalueby
h ll
d hi l b
morethananadditional3000psi)
Thishaschanged.Forinspectors:
ThenewcodedoesNOTallowaretest.
Useoflongitudinalreinforcementwithstrengthsubstantiallyhigherthanthatassumed
indesignwillleadtohighershearandbondstressesatthetimeofdevelopmentofyield
moments.Theseconditionsmayleadtobrittlefailuresinshearorbondandshouldbe
avoided.
So,isStrongeralwaysbetter?
Theplanscallsoutforfy =40ksi andthecontractorinstallsfy =60ksi rebar.
ThisisNOTacceptable.
ConcreteACI31808
page
35
Thisisnew!
ThenewcodeallowsALL confinement
reinforcementtonotexceed100,000
psi.
InthepreviouscodelimitedAll
confinementreinforcementtonot
exceed60,000psi(Sec.21.2.5)
Thisisnew!
Thenewcodelimitsallshear
reinforcementto60 000psi The
reinforcementto60,000psi.The
previouscodedidnothaveany
restrictions.
ConcreteACI31808
page
36
Thisisnew!
Thenewcodeprovidesdesignparameters
forOrdinary momentframes.
21.3.3 isthecolumndesignfor
Intermediatemomentframes.
(
(nextslide)
)
Basically,ifthecolumnheight
5
islessthan5xC1thenitis
consideredashortcolumn
whichistypicallycontrolled
byshearfailure.
Thislimitationforusein
SDCBisfoundinthe
CommentarySectionand
nottheCode.
ConcreteACI31808
page
37
ForReferenceonly:
d
f
Nonewdesignparametersfor
Intermediate momentframes.
NOTpermittedinSDCD,E,&F.
ConcreteACI31808
Caution!!
TheCodelanguagedoesnotmatch
thediagram.
ButasoftheThirdPrinting(October
2009)thiserrorhasbeenfixed.
page
38
Thisisnew!
Thenewcodeprovidesdesignparameters
forSpecialmomentframes.
C2and
0.75C1
0.75
C
ConcreteACI31808
page
39
AfewChangesin:
g
TheSpecialMomentFrames
Thi i
Thisisnew!
!
10/4=2.5whichisthevaluefor.
ConcreteACI31808
page
40
Longbeamspanningbetweentwostiffwall.
LikeamomentframeSec.21.5
Shortbeamspanningbetweentwostiffwall,
therefore,shearwillcontrol
Thisisnew!Aclarification:
ThebeamwillbehavelikeaMomentFrame
Beam,therefore,useSec.21.5.2through
21.5.4.
FromACICommentary:
Experimentsshowthatdiagonallyoriented
reinforcementiseffectiveonlyifthebarsare
placedwithalargeinclination.Therefore,
di
diagonallyreinforcedcouplingbeamsare
ll i f
d
li b
restrictedtobeamshavingaspectratioln/h
>4.
The2008editionofthisCodewaschanged
g
toclarifythatcouplingbeamsof
intermediateaspectratiocanbereinforced
accordingto21.5.2through21.5.4.
ConcreteACI31808
page
41
Thisisnew!
Thepreviouscodedidnothave
anyspecialrequirements
anyspecialrequirements.
Thisisnew!
Inotherwords,twoormorelayersof:
,
y
aminimumfourbarcage.
Thepreviouscodeonlyrequiresa
minimumof4barswithties.
minimumof4barswithties
ConcreteACI31808
Thisisnew!
page
42
FromACICommentary
Section21.9.7.4(d)describesasecondoption
forconfinementofthediagonalsintroduced
inthe2008Code(Fig.R21.9.7(b)).This
p
secondoptionistoconfinetheentirebeam
crosssectioninsteadofconfiningthe
individualdiagonals.Thisoptioncan
considerablysimplifyfieldplacementof
hoops,whichcanotherwisebeespecially
p
p
y
challengingwherediagonalbarsintersect
eachotherorenterthewallboundary.
Option#1likethepreviousCode,
requiresthediagonalbarstobe
enclosed.
ConcreteACI31808
page
43
Again,designersmustprovideproperconfinementwhereeverplastichingeare
tooccur.Thiswillcreateaductilesystemtoabsorbseismicenergy.
tooccur Thiswillcreateaductilesystemtoabsorbseismicenergy
ConcreteACI31808
page
44
LACity
Amendment
ConcreteACI31808
page
45
N t
h iti
Notsurewhyitis
plainconcrete
whenrebars are
required.
q
LACity
Amendment
ConcreteACI31808
page
46
LACity
Amendment
ConcreteACI31808
page
47
LACity
Amendment
ConcreteACI31808
page
TheEnd
48