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PersonalityTestPracticeSheetI
MechanicalEngineeringTechnical

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Q.Whatisthedifferencebetweenironandsteel?
Ans.Ironisanelementthatwhencombinedwithcarbonandotherelementsmakessteel.

Q.Whatistheuseofhydrogeninautomobile?
Ans.Lowemissions.EssentiallynoCOorHCintheexhaustasthereisnocarboninthefuel.Most
exhaustwouldbeH2OandN2Fuelavailability.Thereareanumberofdifferentwaysofmaking
hydrogen,includingelectrolysisofwater.

Q.DifferencebetweenYieldStressandYieldStrength?
Ans.Stressisameasureoftheloadappliedtoasamplerelativetoacrosssectionalareaofthe
sample.Strengthisaquantificationofthesamplesabilitytocarryaload.Theterms"yieldstrength"
and"yieldstress"ofamaterialareusuallyusedinterchangeably(correctornot).Itisthestress
whichwilljustcausethematerialtoplasticallydeform.Ifamaterialyieldsat30,000psi,theyield
stressis30,000psi.Ifthepartinquestionhasacrosssectionalareaof2squareinches,thestrength
atyieldwouldbe60,000pounds,butusuallywejustsaytheyieldstrengthis30,000psi.

Q.WhatisthedifferencebetweenYieldandUltimatetensilestrength?
Ans.TheyieldstrengthisreachedwhenthematerialbecomesNonlinear(thatisnonelastic)and
takesapermanentsetwhenloadisreleased.Materialstretchesbutdoesnotbreak.Ultimate
strengthiswhenitbreaksandishigherthanyieldstrength.

Q.Doesdieselenginepoweredautomobileuseunitpumpandunitinjector?
Ans.Inthecaseoftheenginespoweredbydieselfuelsupplysystems,unitpump&unitinjectorare
operatedbycamshaft&thuspressureofinjectedfueldependsonenginespeed.Whereas,in
commonrailsystemsitisindependentofenginespeed.

Q.Ifweusegasolineindieselengine,whatwillhappen?
Ans.Addinggasolinetothedieselenginemayblastofftheengine.Compressionratioofthepetrol
engineis6to10anddieselengineis15to22.Thusgasolinewillgetveryhighlycompressedand
mightresultinblastoffengine.

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Q.WhatisthedifferencebetweenFlexuralstrengthandTensilestrength?
Ans.Flexuralstrengthisresistanceofferedagainstbending.Tensilestrengthisresistanceoffered
againsttensileforce.

Q.WhatisthedifferencebetweenShearandTensilestrength?
Ans.TensileStrengthforaBoltisdeterminedbyapplyingaForcealongitlongaxis.ShearStrength
foraBoltisdeterminedbyapplyingaForceacrossitsdiameter,asitwouldbeloadedinalugjoint.
Tensilestrengthisstrengthintensionwhenpullingforceisapplied.Andshearstrengthisstrength
againstcuttingforcewhichisknownasshearforce.

Q.WhatisthedifferencebetweenTensilestrengthandTensilemodulus?
Ans.Tensilestrengthistheultimatecapacityofthematerialtoresistatensileloadregardlessof
deflection.
TensilemodulusalsoknownasYoungsmodulusisameasureofthestiffnessofanisotropicelastic
material.Itisdefinedastheratiooftheuniaxialstressovertheuniaxialstrain.Itisdetermined
fromtheslopeofastressstraincurvetracedduringtensiletestsconductedonasampleofthe
material.

Q.Whatisthereasonforemittingthewhiteexhaustsmokeduringstartofthevehicle?Howwill
youpreventthis?
Ans.Themaincauseofwhitesmokeiswaterorantifreezeenteringthecylinder,sotheengine
startstoburnitwiththefuel.Thatwhitesmokeisnothingbutsteam.
Preventionmeasures:Therearespecialgasketsi.e.headgasketsandprimarygasketsthatprevent
theantifreezefromenteringintothecylinderarea.Thisantifreezewillproduceawhitesteam
whichwillaccumulateatthetailpipearea.

Q.Whatistherangeofengineefficiencyincaseoftwostrokeengine?
Ans.Thetwostrokeengineshaveveryhighrangetobecomparedtothefourstrokeengines.
Becausepowerstrokeisgeneratedeverytworevolutionwhileinfourstroke,powerstrokeis
generatedeveryfourrevolutions.

Q.WhatdoyouunderstandbyCCofengine?
Ans.ThemeaningofCCiscubiccentimeters.Itrepresentsthetotalvolumeoftheenginecylinder.
ThisreflectsthattheengineswithmoreCCcangeneratemorepowersthantheotherengines.CC
canalsoberelatedasinverselyproportionaltothefuelconsumption.

Q.Whatisthesignificanceofentropy?
Ans.Asperthesecondlawofthermodynamics,anyheatinputtothesystem(Heatengine)cannot
beconvertedcompletelyintousefulwork.Someenergyislostandthatiscalled'unavailablework'.
Theamountofunavailableworkincreasesastheentropyincreases.

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Q.Whatisthedifferencebetweenheattransferandthermodynamics?
Ans.Heattransferdealswiththeenergyanalysiswhichintransitionandanddependsonthe
modesofheattransferlikeconduction,convectionandradiationorcombinationofanymodes.Heat
transferdealsinnonequilibriumdomainandconditionswhilethermodynamicsdealswithstudyof
systematequilibriumanddoesnotdependonhowheattransferiscalculated.

Q.Whatisbackcompressorinengines?
Ans.Backcompressionmeansthecompressioncapabilityoftheengine.Andieselenginecan
compressattheratioof14:1toashighas25:1.Thusthehighercompressionleadstobetter
efficiencyoftheengine.Thickblacksmokeisemittedwhentheenginescompressionisreduced
whichleadstothedeformedeadgasketleadintocrankcase.

Q.Howairconditionersworkincars?
Ans.Airconditionersarebasedontheprinciplesofevaporationandcondensationandthen
compressionandexpansion.Thehotairofthecarisremovedbytheprocessofevaporationand
thenthecondensationoftheevaporatedairtakesplaceswhichisthenfurthercompressedbythe
compressorandthenfinallyexpandedtousintheformofcoldbreeze.Somehow,Airconditioning
reducestheaverageofthecar,astheenergyisrequiredtoremovethehotairandthen
compressionandexpansion.

Q.Howdoesthethermostatwork?
Ans.Whentheengineistoocoldthethermostatclosesthemainvalve,thusstoppingtheflowtothe
radiator.Whentheengineistoohot,itopensthemainvalvefornormalcirculationthroughthe
radiator.

Q.Whatisapressurecapintheradiator?
Ans.Itisasealintheradiatorthatmaintainstheselectedpressureinthecoolingsystemwhenthe
engineishot.

Q.Explainthereasonthatwhybigtyresareusedinrearofvehicles.
Ans.Largetyresprovidelargersurfaceareatouchingtheground,thusprovidingthemorepulling
power.Basicallytractorshavelargerreartyresbecausetractorsdonthavetooperateathigher
speeds,thusgettingthesamegroundspeedwithlargertyres.Moreovergearratiosdonthavetobe
ashighasb/cofthetyres.
Q.Whatiskingpinoffset?Statesomeofitsapplication.
Ans.Thekingpinoffsetisthepart,basicallycalledaspivotusedinthesteeringofthevehicles.This
offsethelpsinrotatingofthesteeringandthusitsveryusefulinsteeringmechanismofthecars.
Applications:Thisisalsousedtomeasurescrubradiuswiththehelpofgeometricparametersof
wheelplaneaboveandbelowgroundlevel.
Itprovidesdirectionalstabilitytothevehicleswheniticombinedwiththecaster.

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Q.Explainthereasonthatwhythetyresarealwaysblackincolour?
Ans.Tyrescolourisblackduetotheproportionofcarbonmixedinitduringthevulcanizationof
therubber,tomakethetyreshearresistant.Withoutvulcanizationtyreswon'tbeabletobearthe
frictionheatandstressoftheroad.Thuscarbonisresponsibleforgivingtyrestheprominentblack
colour.Addingofcarbonpreventstyresfromrapidlydeterioratingbecausewhenozonecombines
withtheultravioletlightfromthesun.Itattacksthepolymerofthetyre.

Q.WhathappensifgasolineisusedinaDieselengine?Dieselenginewillwork?
Ans.No,Itwillnotwork,astheCompressionratioofPetrolengineis6to10&thatofDieselengine
is15to22.Thusonsuchhighcompression,gasolinegetshighlycompressed&itmayblast.

Q.WhatisthedifferencebetweenCriticalSpeedandWhirlingSpeed?
Ans.InSolidmechanics,inthefieldofrotordynamics,thecriticalspeedisthetheoreticalangular
velocitywhichexcitesthenaturalfrequencyofarotatingobject,suchasashaft,propellerorgear.
Asthespeedofrotationapproachestheobjectsnaturalfrequency,theobjectbeginstoresonate
whichdramaticallyincreasessystemvibration.Theresultingresonanceoccursregardlessof
orientation.WhirlingSpeedisduetotheunbalancedforcesactingonarotatingshaft.

Q.Howisoilpressuremaintainedwhenstartingorstoppingamediumsizedturbine?
Ans.Anauxiliarypumpisprovidedtomaintainoilpressure.Someauxiliarypumpsareturnedbya
handcrank;othersaremotordriven.Thispumpisusedwhentheintegralpumpisrunningtoo
slowlytoprovidepressure,aswhenstartingorsecuringamediumsizedturbine.

Q.HowaDieselEngineWorksasGenerator?
Ans.Dieselengineisaprimemover,foragenerator,pump,andforvehiclesetc.generatoris
connectedtoenginebyshaft.mostlyinthermalpowerplat,thereisanengineisusedtodrive
generatortogeneratepower.

Q.ExplainSecondLawofThermodynamics?
Ans.Theentropyoftheuniverseincreasesovertimeandmovestowardsamaximumvalue.

Q.CompareBraytonCycleandOttoCycle?
Ans.TheheatadditionandrejectionprocessesinOttocycleareofconstantvolume,whereasin
Braytoncycle,theyareofconstantpressure.
Ottocycleistheidealcycleforsparkignitionengines.
Braytoncycleistheidealcycleforgaspowerturbines.

Q.WhatisthepurposeofScrapperRing?
Ans.scraptheexcesslubeoilfromthecylinderwalls.therebypreventingoilfromentering
combustionzone.

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Q.WhatisDTSITechnology?
Ans.DTSIstandsforDigitalTwinSparkPlugIgnition.ThevehicleswithDTSITechnologyuse2
sparkplugswhicharecontrolledbydigitalcircuit.Itresultsinefficientcombustionofairfuel
mixture.
DigitalSincethesparkgenerationwillbeinitiatedbyamicrochip.
TwinSincetwosparkplugswillbeused.
SparkignitionSincetheignitionwillbedoneviaaspark.

Q.HowtoFind,DuctileBrittleTransitionTemperatureinMetals?
Ans.Thepointatwhichthefractureenergypassesbelowapredeterminedpointforastandard
Impacttests.DBTTisimportantsince,onceamaterialiscooledbelowtheDBTT,ithasamuch
greatertendencytoshatteronimpactinsteadofbendingordeforming.

Q.WhatistheimportanceofThermodynamics?
Ans.Allthemechanicalengineeringsystemsarestudiedwiththehelpofthermodynamics.Henceit
isveryimportantforthemechanicalengineers.

Q.WhatisthedifferencebetweenP11andP12Pipes?
Ans.P11thechromiummolybdenumcompositionthatis1%ofchromiumand1/4%of
molybdenum.
P12thechromiummolybdenumcompositionthatis1%ofchromiumand2%ofmolybdenum

Q.StatedifferencebetweenAntifrictionBearingandJournalBearing?
Ans.Generally,journalbearingshavehigherfrictionforce,consumehigherenergyandrelease
moreheat,buttheyhavelargercontactsurface,sonormallyusedinlowspeedhighload
applications.Inantifrictionbearingsfrictionisless.Oneobjectjustrollsovereachother.

Q.WhatisthedifferencebetweenTechnologyandEngineering?
Ans.Engineeringisapplicationofscience.TechnologyshowsvariousmethodsofEngineering.A
bridgecanbemadebyusingbeamstobeartheload,byanarcorbyhanginginacable;allshows
differenttechnologybutcomesundercivilengineeringandscienceappliedislawsofforce/load
distribution.

Q.HowtoMeasureTemperatureinWetBulbThermometer?
Ans.Wetbulbtemperatureismeasuredinawetbulbthermometerbycoveringthebulbwitha
wickandwettingitwithwater.Itcorrespondstothedewpointtemperatureandrelativehumidity.

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Q.WhataretheAdvantagesandDisadvantagesofusingLPGinCar?
Ans.Advantages
1.Completecombustion
2.Fuelsaving
3.Homogenouscombustion
Disadvantages
1.Ascompletecombustionisoccurring,moreheatliberated,notadvisedforlongjourney,engine
willbeoverheated
2.Installationisdifficult
3.Reduceenginelifeefficiency

Q.WhatisthedifferencebetweenSpeedandEconomicSpeed?
Ans.Theratedspeedtellsusaboutthemaximumspeedwhichcanbeachievedbyavehicleorsome
othermachinebuttheeconomicalspeedmeansthespeedlimitatwhichthemachineworks
efficientlywithleastconsumptionoffuel.eginnormalbikes(notracing),themax.speedlimitshown
onspeedometerisupto120kmphbutcompaniesalwaysadvicetheircustomerstodrivesuchbikes
ataround60kmphtohavemaximummileage.
Q.WhenCrudeOilisHeated,WhichHydroCarboncomesfirst?
Ans.Naturalgas(Gasoline)at20Celsius
Q.HowtocalculateBearingnumbertiDiameteroftheinnerandouter?
Ans.Dividetheshaftdiametersizeby5,itwillgivelasttwodigitofthebearingno.andaccording
totypeofloadwehavetochoosethetypeofbearingandthatwillgivepriornumberofthebearing.
Q.TheFatiguelifeofapartcanbeimprovedby?
Ans.ImprovingthesurfacefinishbyPolishing&providingresidualstressbyShotpeening.

Q.WhatisPowderTechnology?
Ans.Powdertechnologyisoneofthewaysofmakingbearingmaterial.Inthismethodmetalslike
bronze,Al,Fearemixedandcompressedtomakeanalloy.

Q.WhatarethelawsofThermodynamics?
Ans.Therearethreelawsofthethermodynamics.
FirstLaw:Energycanbeneithercreatednordestroyed.Itcanonlychangeforms.Inanyprocessin
anisolatedsystem,thetotalenergyremainsthesame.
SecondLaw:Whentwoisolatedsystemsinseparatebutnearbyregionsofspace,eachin
thermodynamicequilibriuminitself,butnotinequilibriumwitheachotheratfirst,areatsome
timeallowedtointeract,breakingtheisolationthatseparatesthetwosystems,andtheyexchange
matterorenergy,theywilleventuallyreachamutualthermodynamicequilibrium.Thesumofthe

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entropiesoftheinitial,isolatedsystemsislessthanorequaltotheentropyofthefinalexchanging
systems.Intheprocessofreachinganewthermodynamicequilibrium,entropyhasincreased,orat
leasthasnotdecreased.
ThirdLaw:Astemperatureapproachesabsolutezero,theentropyofasystemapproachesa
minimum.

Q.Atwhichtemperaturethermalradiationcanbecomezero?
Ans.Notpossible.Becausethermalradiationbecomesonlyzeroatabsolutezerotemperature
whichcanneverbeattainedbythethirdlawofthermodynamics.

Q.StatethedifferencebetweenUnilateralandBilateralTolerance?
Ans.Aunilateraltoleranceistoleranceinwhichvariationispermittedonlyinonedirectionfrom
thespecifieddirection.e.g.1800+0.000/0.060
Bilateraltoleranceistoleranceinwhichvariationispermittedinbothdirectionfromthespecified
direction.e.g.1800+0.060/0.060

Q.Whatistheabbreviationofweldingrod7018?
Ans.7018=

70=tensilestrength70000psi

1=weldingposition

8=currentflux
Q.WhatisdifferencebetweenWeldingandBrazing?
Ans.InWeldingconcentratedheat(hightemperature)isappliedatthejointofmetalandfuse
together.
InBrazinginvolvessignificantlylowertemperaturesanddoesnotentailthemeltingofbasemetals.
Instead,afillermetalismeltedandforcedtoflowintothejointthroughcapillaryaction.

Q.WhichhasmoreEfficiencyDieselEngineorPetrolEngine?
Ans.Dieselenginehasthebetterefficiencyoutoftwo.

Q.WhatisDifferencebetweenstaminaandstrength?
Ans.StrengthiscapabilityoverashortlengthoftimeandStaminaistheabilitytokeepgoing
continuously.
Q.WhyCavitationwilloccurinCentrifugalPumpandnotinDisplacementPump?
Ans.Theformationofcavities(orbubbles)isinducedbyflowseparation,ornonuniformflow
velocities,insideapumpcasing.Incentrifugalpumpstheeyeofthepumpimpellerissmallerthan
theflowareaofpipe.Thisdecreaseinflowareaofpumpresultsinincreaseinflowrate.So
pressuredrophappenedbetweenpumpsuctionandthevanesoftheimpeller.Hereairbubblesor
cavitiesareformedbecauseofliquidvapourduetoincreaseintemperatureinimpeller.Thisair
bubblesaretransmittedtopumpwhichformscavitation.

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Q.WhichPumpismoreEfficientCentrifugalPumporReciprocatingPump?
Ans.Centrifugalpump.Becauseflowrateishighercomparedtoreciprocatingpump.Flowis
smoothanditrequireslessspacetoinstall.Lowerinitialcostandlowermaintenancecost.
Q.WhyCentrifugalPumpisnotcalledasaPositiveDisplacementTypeofPump?
Ans.Thecentrifugalhasvaryingflowdependingonpressureorhead,whereasthePositive
Displacementpumphasmoreorlessconstantflowregardlessofpressure.
Likewiseviscosityisconstantforpositivedisplacementpumpwherecentrifugalpumphaveupand
downvaluebecausethehigherviscosityliquidsfilltheclearancesofthepumpcausingahigher
volumetricefficiency.Whenthereisaviscositychangeinsupplythereisalsogreaterlossinthe
system.Thismeanschangeinpumpflowaffectedbythepressurechange.
Onemoreexampleis,positivedisplacementpumphasmoreorlessconstantefficiency,where
centrifugalpumphasvaryingefficiencyrate.

Q.ExplainwhyBCC,FCCandCPHlatticepackingandfeaturesofgrainstructureaffecttheDuctility
andBrittlenessofparentmetallicmaterials?
Ans.Ductilityisthemechanicalpropertyofamaterial.(Itisthematerialsabilitytodeformunder
thetensilestresswithoutfracture).Soitisdependsontheatomshowtheyarrangedinalatticeand
itsgrainsize.Theabilitytoabsorbtheenergyoftheimpactandfractureresistancedependsonthe
arrangementoftheatomsinalatticeandfeaturesofgrainstructure.

Q.WhydoyouhaveTrussBridges?
Ans.Trussbridgescarryloadintensionandcompressionratherthanbending(Selfweight+The
weightofvehiclescrossingit+Windloads).Atrusshastheabilitytodissipatealoadthroughthe
trusswork.Thebeamsareusuallyarrangedinarepeatedtriangularpattern,sinceatrianglecannot
bedistortedbystress.

Q.WhyIsectionbeamispreferredforheavyloading?
Ans.CrosssectionalshapeI,givingmanybenefits.Itisverygoodforgivingstiffness(less
deformationonloading)andtowithstandhigherbendingmoments(asaresultofheavyloading)
oncomparisonwithothercrosssectionalshapesofsamearea.Also,itisveryeasytomanufacture.
Itwillhavemoremomentofinertia.

Q.WhatisHydrostaticSystem?
Ans.Hydrostaticsisthestudyofuidbodiesthatare
Atrest
Movingsucientlyslowlysothereisnorelativemotionbetweenadjacentpartsofthebody
Forhydrostaticsituations
Therearenoshearstresses
Thereareonlypressureforcesthatactperpendiculartoanysurface.

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Itsaclosedloophydraulicsystems.Itcomprisesofmotorandpump.Herepumpsuppliesenergyto
motorandmotorgivesreturnenergytopumpsupply.

Q.WhatisdifferencebetweenCenterofMassandCenterofGravity?
Ans.Bothtermsaresamewhengravityisuniform.Whengravityisnonuniformfollowingarethe
terms:
Thecenterofmassisapointthatactsasifallthemasswascenteredthere(themassononesideof
thepointisequaltothemassontheoppositeside).Ifsupportedatthecenterofmass,anobjectwill
bebalancedundertheinfluenceofgravity.
Thecenterofgravityisthepointatwhichwherethesum(vector)ofthegravitationalforcesacton
anobjectwhichwillbebalancedonthatpoint.

Q.WhatisthedifferencebetweenCenterofMassandCentroid?
Ans.Ifthematerialcomposingabodyisuniformorhomogeneous,thedensityorspecificweight
willbeconstantthroughoutthebody,andthenthecentroidisthesameasthecenterofgravityor
centerofmass.
Centroid:Centroidisthepoint,wherethewholeareaofplaneisgoingtobeact.Itisvalidonlyfor
2Dproblemslikeplanefigures,squareplateetc.
Thecenterofmassisapointthatactsasifallthemasswascenteredthere(themassononesideof
thepointisequaltothemassontheOPPOSITEside).Ifsupportedatthecenterofmass,anobject
willbebalancedundertheinfluenceofgravity.

Q.WhatisCotterjoint?
Ans.Acotterjointisusedtoconnectrigidlytwocoaxialrodsorbarswhicharesubjectedtoaxial
tensileorcompressiveforces.Hereshaftislockedinplacebyasmallerpinthatpassesthroughthe
sideofthelugandpartlyorcompletelythroughtheshaftitself.Thislockingpinisnamedascotter.

Q.Howistheexcessdischargepressureprevented?
Ans.Dischargepressurepreventedbyapressurizedspikecushion.Herethesystememploysa
pressurizedcushionofairandatwooringpiston,whichpermanentlyseparatesthisaircushion
fromthewatersystem.Whenthevalveclosesandthewaterflowissuddenlystopped,thepressure
spikepushesthepistonupthearresterchamberagainstthepressurizedcushionofair.Theair
cushioninthearresterreactsinstantly,absorbingthepressurespikethatcauseswaterhammer.

Q.Whatisthedifferencebetweenastrainerandafilter?
Ans.Strainersandfiltersarebothproductsthatfilersolidsfromfluids.However,whenthesolidto
befilteredisvisibletothenakedeye(greaterthan40m)thenthetermstrainerisusedand
whenfiltrationissmallerthanorequalto40m,thetermfilterisused.

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Q.WhatisthepositionofPistonRing?
Ans.In180degreeangletheTopring,SecondringandOilringarefixed.Positionthering
approximately1inchgapbelowtheneck.

Q.IntheThermalPowerPlantwhyDeaerator(D/A)placedonheight?
Ans.TobuildaVeryhighpressureandthetemperatureforaboilerfeedwaterpumpandit
dischargehighpressurewatertotheboiler.
AndtoprovidetherequiredNetPositiveSuctionHead(NPSH)fortheBFWpumpandtoserveasa
storagetanktoensureacontinuoussupplyoffeedwaterduringrapidchangesinBFP.

Q.WhatdoyoumeanbyOneTonnAirConditioner?
Ans.1tonrefrigerationmeans210kJ/minextractsheatfromthesystem.

Q.WhatistheimportanceoftheThermodynamicsinthefieldofMechanicalEngineering?

Ans.Allthemechanicalengineeringsystemsarestudiedwiththehelpofthermodynamics.Henceit
isveryimportantforthemechanicalengineers.
Q.StateLawsofconservationofenergy?
Ans.Accordingtothelawsofconservationofenergy,energycanneitherbecreatednorbe
destroyed.Itcanonlybetransformedfromoneformtoanother.
Q.Istheboileraclosedsystem?
Ans.Yesdefinitelytheboilerisaclosedsystem.
Q.WhatisCarnotengine?
Ans.ItwasbeingdesignedbyCarnotandletmetellyouthatCarnotengineisanimaginaryengine
whichfollowstheCarnotcycleandprovides100%efficiency.
Q.WhatisHessLaw?
Ans.AccordingtotheHesslawtheenergytransferissimplyindependentofthepathbeing
followed.Ifthereactantandtheproductofthewholeprocessarethesamethensameamountof
energywillbedissipatedorabsorbed.
Q.Whichhasmoreefficiency:DieselengineorPetrolengines?
Ans.Dieselenginehasthebetterefficiency.Givefurtherexplanationsifinterviewwanttoknow.
Q.WhyEntropydecreaseswithincreaseintemperature?
Ans.ds=dQ/TEntropyisinverselyproportionaltothetemperatureso,astemp.Increases,entropy
decreases.

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Q.Whydifferenttypesofsoundareproducedindifferentbikes,thoughtheyrunonSIEngines?
Ans.EnginespecificationsaredifferentindifferentmanufactureslikeasBoreDiameter(CC),
Ignitiontiming.Alsotheexhaustpassagetakesmoreresponsibleforsound.

Q.HowmuchWattmeans1Hp?
Ans.746.2Watt
Q.ExplainBicycleRearWheelSprocketworking?
Ans.Rearwheelsprocketworksundertheprincipleofratchetandpawl.
Q.DefinitionofOctaneNumberandCetaneNumber?
Ans.OctaneNo.Octanenumberisdefinedasthepercentage,byvolume,ofisooctaneinthe
mixtureofisooctaneandhheptane.ItisthemeasureofratingofSIengine.
CetaneNo.Cetanenumberisdefinedasthepercentage,byvolume,ofncetaneinthemixtureofn
cetaneandalphamethylnaphthalene.ItisthemeasureofratingofCIengine.
Q.WhichMechanismisusedinAutomobilegearingSystem?
Ans.Differentialmechanism
Q.WhathappensifgasolineisusedinaDieselEngine,SieselEnginewillwork?
Ans.No,Itwillnotwork,astheCompressionratioofPetrolengineis6to10&thatofDieselengine
is15to22.Thusonsuchhighcompression,gasolinegetshighlycompressed&itmayblast.
Q.Whatarethreemethodsofheattransfer?
Ans.Threemethodsofheattransferareconduction,convectionandradiation.
Conduction:Thetransferofenergybycollisionsbetweentheatomsandmoleculesinamaterial.
Convection:Transfersheatwhenparticlesmovebetweenobjectsorareasthatdifferin
temperature.
Radiation:Thetransferofenergybywaves.

Q.Explainthesignificanceofgovernorinautomobiles?
Ans.Governorisanimportantcomponentofautomobileengine.Itisusedtoregulatethemain
speedofengineduringthevariationsinloads.Withthevariationsintheload,fuelsupplyhastobe
maintained.Thistaskisperformedbythegovernor.Inthecaseofhighloadontheengine,speed
decreases,hencefuelsupplyhastobeincreasedandsimilarlywhenloaddecreasesthenthefuel
supplyhastobedecreased.

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Q.PoissonsRatioisHigherin,Rubber/Steel/Wood?

Ans.Whenamaterialiscompressedinonedirection,itusuallytendstoexpandintheothertwo
directionsperpendiculartothedirectionofcompression.ThisphenomenoniscalledthePoisson
effect.PoissonsratioisameasureofthePoissoneffect.
Forrubber=0.5
Forsteel=0.288
Forwood<0.2
ThusPoissonsratioishigherinRUBBER.
Q.Inwhichconditionsarealgasbehaveslikeidealgas?
Ans.Arealgasbehaveslikeanidealgasinlowpressureandhightemperatureconditions.

Q.WhyistheSuctionpipeofVapourCompressionRefrigerationsysteminsulated?
Ans.1.Itpreventsthesuctionlinefromsweatinganddrippingwaterinsidethehouse.
2.Theinsulationalsopreventsthesuctionlineattractingheatfromtheoutdoorsonitswaytothe
condensercoil.

Q.HowdoesWeldingdamageEyesight?
Ans.AnElectricweldingarcproducesUltravioletlightandtheUVlight(Sunburn)willdamagethe
retina.WeldingshieldsorGoggleswiththepropershade(Automaticshading)oflensisthebest
protectionforwelders.
Lightfilteringcurtainsandreducedreflectivesurfaceshelpprotectbothweldersandobserversin
thearea.

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