Dr.

Gruenwald - Weld Calculations

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THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA - COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE

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Problem:
A bar of A 36 steel,
3 x 7/16" in cross section
is to be welded with E 70 XX electrodes
to the back of a channel
so that the full tensile strength of the bar
may be developed.
Specify the weld to be used.

A. Given:
=======
1. bar of A 36 steel,
2. 3 x 7/16" in cross section
3. E 70 XX electrodes

B. Asked:
=======
What size is the weld?
thickness
length
type

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C. Graph:
=======

D. Calculation:
=========
1. Area of Bar:
Area
Area
Area
Area

=
=
=
=

3 x 7/16"
3 x 0.4375
1.3125 sq. in.
1.313 sq. in.

2. Allowable Unit tensile strength of A 36 steel

P& A 266 Table 8.1

Allowable tensile stress

=
=
=
=

0.60 x Fy
0.60 x 36 ksi
21.6
22 Ksi

3. Allowable tensile strength of bar:

= Ft x A
= 22 ksi x 1.313 square inch
= 28.886 kips
= 28.9 kips

4. Tensile strength of weld:

The weld must be of ample dimensions
to resist a force equivalent to
the allowable tensile strength of the bar
in our case the magnitude is (28.9 kips).
5. Selection of Weld:
P&A 370:
The maximum size of a fillet weld applied
to a square edge of a plate or section that
is 1/4" or more in the thickness should be
1/16" less than the nominal thickness of the
edge.
Along edges of material less than 1/4" thick,
the maximum size may be equal to the thickness of the material.
Plate Thickness
plate >=1/4"
plate < 1/4"
7/16" - 1/16 = 6/16 = 3/8"
3/8" WELD has been preselected

Weld Size
thickness - 1/16"
thickness

6. Allowable working Strength

P&A 371
Table 12.1

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Allowable working strength = 5.6 kips/in.

7. Required calculated length of the weld:
=load/allowable working strength
= 28.9 kips / 5.6 kips/in
= 5.16 in.
8. Other Weld requirements
P&A 371
a. For starting and stopping the arc,
approximately 1/4" should added
to the length of the fillet welds.
P&A 372
b. box weld
return
return

=
=
=
=

2 x weld size
2 x 3/8"
6/8"
3/4" return

P&A 380
c. minimum length of welds equals 4 times
the weld size 4 x 3/8 = 12/8 = 1.5 inches

P&A 372
d. weld is greater than 1/4" therefor requires
double pass weld

Length = calculated length + start/stop +

2 returns
Length

= L + 1/4" + 3/4" + 3/4"

= 5.16 " + 0.25" + 0.75" + 0.75"
= 6.91
= 7"

E. SOLUTION:
===========
9. Layout of Weld:
thickness = 3/8"
length = 7"
returns, etc.
The position of the weld with respect to the
bar has several options, three of which are
shown in the figure below.

utilize the welding symbols

to specify the weld

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Prof. Dr. Hermann Gruenwald

(mail comments to: HGRUENWALD@ou.edu)
College of Architecture
The University of Oklahoma

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Dr. Gruenwald 1996,1997

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