Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
1. Editorial
2. Thank you, Laxman
3. Democratisation of Digital India
4. Unit Pulse
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Dear Mr Laxman,
I must start with thanking you. We never met, but you were a
daily blip of joy in the life of a 12-year-old. The year was 1994.
I had just moved cities; from hip Madras to a more parochial
Lucknow, from a co-ed school to an all-girls institution.
Our family of four didnt have a home as yet, so we all packed
into room No. 37 of a state-run guest house for a few months.
I missed my friends, I longed for my old routine and I hated
the blue tunic, striped tie, steel-buckled belt and black shoes
that I had to wear. I didnt want to be there, but I had to be.
R.K. Laxman (1921-2015)
In some strange way, You Said It became the laughter at the
end of yet another dull school day. I didnt care much for
newspapers at the time, but in the Times of India I found you and Around the World which provided a preteen
with all the gossip she could fathom.
I took an instant liking to the Common Man, he with the prickly hair, oval specs and checked shirt. Looking back, I
probably empathised with him. In frame after frame he seemed caught in a world that was not his making.
The liberty to comment was not his, but he bore witness. He was common not because he was ordinary, but
because he was omnipresent. He was also the 12-year-old thrown into a world which she had not chosen.
The Common Man might have been silent but his curiosity was steadfast. He was understated but he was also
distinct. He eavesdropped on the powerful; he travelled to cities and dwelled in villages.
To a child who was more intrigued by reality than fantasy, the Common Man proved to be the unlikely but perfect
hero.
I bought The Best of Laxman (1993) and pored over the pages because they told a story of corrupt officials, venal
politicians and broken systems.
I wrote a haphazard play drawn from your cartoons and staged it for Teachers Day with classmates who donned
the roles of babus and netas. I sent the typewritten play to you, with one request could you send me a cartoon
with the Common Man in the limelight?
A simple brown envelope with RK Laxman printed at the bottom arrived a few months later. We had moved into
our own home by then, school had become less oppressive and I had even made friends.
Along with a typed note you enclosed a cartoon of the Common Man middle and centre. He was no longer an
observer, he was the star of his own tale.
Thank you for showing me that every man can be a hero.
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India has the second-largest online population in the world (behind China and overtaking the United
States), with about 243 million people using the Internet in 2014
Yet that leaves more than a billion offline Indians, the largest population of non-Internet users in any
country. At current trajectory, by 2018 only one-third of that billion will be online. This is far short of what
is needed to democratize Internet access and achieve the economic and social goals of the governments
Digital India initiative. A goal of about 700 million Internet users within five years is more consistent with
the governments vision of enabling broad reach and penetration of online services. Achieving that goal
will require strategies to reach a population that is much more difficult to serve than the Indians who are
already online. Nearly three-quarters of the remaining offline population is rural, 43 percent is illiterate.
However, we find that the chances of reaching this goal can be improved if India focuses on four key
challenges and opportunities . 1: Infrastructure About one-third of rural Indians say a lack of connections,
devices, or electricity are key obstacles to Internet adoption. While 2G mobile coverage now reaches
about 90 percent of the country, most of it is not Internet-enabled. 3G coverage is rapidly expanding, but
the quality remains low; dropped signals and peak overloads are common. To expand the reach and
capacity of the mobile Internet, India urgently needs a predictable, transparent, and fair spectrumlicensing policy that would encourage provider investment in telecom infrastructure and adequate
bandwidth. Furthermore, the governments ambitious plan to provide affordable and reliable broadband to
250,000 gram panchayats by 2017 must gain momentum. Infrastructure is arguably the most critical
barrier for the government to address and will require policies that enable greater private participation in
both wireless and fiber-based systems. Addressing this priority early would provide tremendous tailwind
to Indias digital revolution. 2: Affordability Even if Internet access were available in rural areas, a large
segment of the Indian population still wouldnt be able to afford it. Average prices for data downloads and
smartphones are among the lowest in the world, but Indias consumers still face tremendous affordability
challenges due to low incomes. For close to 950 million people, even the cheapest data plans are equal
to 13 percent of their monthly consumption expenditure (compared with less than 4 percent for the richest
segment). In 2013, the average retail price of a smartphone in India was equivalent to more than 16
percent of gross national income per capita, compared with 5 to 6 percent in China. When device prices
fall at a rapid rate, demand explodes. From 2008 to 2013, the average retail price for a smartphone in
India dropped by 29 percent and smartphone in use rose from just under 5 million units in 2008 to almost
76 million units in 2013. The introduction of sub-$100 smartphones will drive demand up further. India
needs to capitalize on this trend by creating a low-cost environment in which to make or market devices.
Mobile data plans in India are already among the lowest in our sample of 25 countries- a 500 Mb prepaid
plan cost USD 3.40 per month in 2013 (equal to 2.6 percent of gross net income per capita a month) so
the potential for further dramatic price declines may be muted. However, if consumers believe Internet
access will save them money in other spending categories such as entertainment, education, or
healthcare, they might substitute mobile phone service for other items, which would help increase Internet
penetration. 3: Incentive Indian consumers have demonstrated they respond to technologies that offer the
incentive of consumer utility, even in the face of low affordability. Take mobile phones. The opportunity to
increase incomes enabled by mobile phones created powerful incentives for users to adopt the
technology, even finding ways to circumvent barriers of affordability. The missed call was an example of
the ingenuity that has been used to spread technology (the service allows subscribers to communicate
even when they are unable to pay for the voice minutes. Mobile, text-based apps that provide information
and have the potential to affect income (for example, market prices and weather forecasts) have also
gained traction. Low-cost text-messaging platforms such as WhatsApp have become extremely popular
among retailers, who use them to communicate with customers. Meanwhile, Internet entrepreneurs such
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as Naukri.com, Makemytrip, and Flipkart are using innovative delivery models to provide online job
search, travel, and shopping, despite Indias poor digital payment infrastructure and under-developed
supply chains.are demonstrating. 4: Capability Many of the Indians who do not yet have Internet access
also lack the knowledge and skills to take advantage of what the Internet has to offer. Above all, a low
literacy rate is a major impediment to increasing Internet penetration. In a recent survey of all Indians, 69
percent of respondents said they werent aware of the Internet, while 33 percent lacked the digital literacy
(defined as the ability to operate a computer) to get online. In years past, the postman served as the
primary interface between illiterate rural citizens and the outside world, writing letters on their behalf,
reading them incoming mail, and filling out government forms. In the India of the future, a moderately
skilled para-technician (someone with basic education and mobile Internet skills) could sit at a post office
e-service centre and fulfill a similar role in connecting poor rural Indians to e-government and other
services such as e-commerce. The wide range of language in India presents another barrier. The need to
customize services for many languages lowers the incentive for providers to develop content. In contrast,
Chinas languages are more concentrated, making it easier for device manufacturers and content
providers to cater to the online population. Many Indian consumers are composing written vernacular
communications in the English script. More intuitive services with simple graphical interfaces, and
stronger local language support could significantly reduce the digital literacy barriers to Internet adoption.
The quest to bring 700 million more Indians onto the Internet is not simply an arbitrary goal. It is a vital
step in supporting continuing economic growth, raising more citizens out of poverty, and driving
productivity gains across the economy. With Internet connections, Indians can access better health care
and education. They can buy goods and services at better prices, receive government services, and
make their farms and businesses more successful. It is a goal worth reaching
(Source:Moneycontrol.com)
UNIT PULSE
Senior Engineers Kozhikode.
The monthly meeting of Senior Engineers Kozhikode was held on 10.01.2015, 10:30 am at Calicut
Towers., the first meeting of 2015. Er A.Chandran presided the meeting. In his presidential remarks he
explained the information concerned with retired engineers and conveyed his sincere wishes, to all
members and family, for a happy new year 2015. Er Chandrahasan gave an idea on the financial position
of our senior engineers monthly meetings. Er T. Ravindran requested all to visit our members who are
not in a position to attend monthly meetings, due to ill health. Er Krishnanunni informed that medical
allowance of pensioners have been increased to Rs 300 pm with effect from 29.11.14
Er Krishnanunni also read out the relevant parts of lineage January 2015 for discussion. Er.
Chandrahasan then distributed New Year gifts, on behalf of the office bearers, to all participants.
The meeting ended at 2 pm after lunch
Ramachandran
The January meeting was held on 13th January. In the New Year, with new office bearers, it was a
happy occasion. The President Er.C.Balakrishnan, who presided, informed the happy news that medical
allowance of Rs 300 has been sanctioned. Minutes of the last meeting and the accounts were approved.
Floral Birth Day greetings were given to Ers.E.K.Pavithran, P.Ramachandran, and K.C.Bhaskaran.
Er.V.P.Soman presented the contents of lineage. Er.Sasi read his article in the lineage. In the general
discussion different subjects like Run Kerala, Technical tour to Raichur, Non receipt of diary etc were
discussed. Er.M.V.Gopala-krishnan reported the status of pending issues of KSEB pensioners and
requested all members to cooperate from with the Association. Er.K.P.Ravindran, the senior most
member, administered the oath of office to the newly elected office bearers. Several members suggested
the need of more emphasis on charity works. An outline of the future course of action was drawn and the
meeting closed after a lunch hosted by Er.E.P.Bhaskaran Nambiar
V.P.Soman
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TITBITS
PATIENCE
Patience is an inner pause, a brief internal stillness and a moment we give ourselves to breathe
through our initial reaction so we can move to the place where a calm thoughtful, peaceful response
is born. Patience is a gift of time we give ourselves to process and understand so we can respond
with compassion and intention rather than with raw, often negative emotion.
-- -L.R.Knost
HOW I LEARNED TO MIND MY OWN BUSINESS
I was walking past the mental hospital the other day and all the patients were shouting
13...13...13...13.. The fence was too high to see over, but I saw a little gap in the planks. So, I
looked through to see what was going on.
Some idiot poked in my eyes with a stick. Then they all started shouting 14...14...14...14...
- (FB)
HARD FIGURES
Pension fund is the most efficient way to save for retirement. You start contributing from the very month
you start earning. Your contribution rises with every increment in your salary.
If a person takes up a job at age 25 and save Rs5000 per month and if the employer makes a matching
contribution, it builds up a massive corpus of Rs 6.89 Crores over 35 years. I have assumed the
increment and subscription rise will be 8% every year and Pension Fund gives 8.5% return.
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Now, if the monthly expenditure at the time of joining is Rs 50000 per month, a 7% inflation will push it up
to Rs 5.34 Lakhs. To sustain inflation-adjusted withdrawals a corpus of Rs 10.52 Crores is needed, for
the period age 61-80. The 6.89 Crore Pension Fund will get wiped off in just 12 years. At 72 you have no
money.
In actual practice, Pension Fund withdrawals are permitted. Acquisition of house, vehicle, farm, expense
for childrens education, marriage expenses eat away the Pension Fund.
Pun
Q: How many seconds are there in a year?
A: Twelve. January 2nd, February 2nd, March 2nd, April 2nd, May 2nd, June 2nd, July 2nd, August 2nd,
September 2nd, October 2nd, November 2nd and December 2nd.
(garnered)
Winter Punderland
As we waited for a bus in the frosty weather, the woman next to me mentioned that she makes a lot of
mistakes when texting in the cold.
I nodded knowingly. Its the early signs of typothermia.
(Readers Digest)
IMPULSIVE BUYING
Days traditionally meant to celebrate as holidays are fast becoming valid excuse for shopping. In a state
with rampant consumerism, it could not be otherwise.
The marketers know how the mind works and they are not hesitant to use this knowledge to stoke the
consumers desire and lessen their self-control. Tactics emphasizing scarcity, (e.g. only 10TVs at this
price in stock) and delayed cost, (0%interest until 2016) are employed to great effect.
Such tactics prey on one of minds greatest vulnerabilities - the innate human preference for rapid reward
or immediate gratification. Most people would opt to receive Rs 20 today rather than Rs 100 in a tear,
though logically speaking, an investment guaranteed to quadruple your money in 12 months is hard to
beat!
The phenomenon known as temporal discounting offer plays a central role in impulse-buying decisions.
To the extent that retailers can increase your impatience for reward or otherwise, evoke a sense of
urgency in you, your belief that a pleasurable expenditure is worthwhile increases, while the rewards of
saving and investing that money appears more and more distant.
Can we as shoppers, resist?
We can. We all have a proclivity for immediate gratification, but we are also capable of self-control. The
real question is: How do we ensure that we exercise that control?
A natural suggestion is to rely on will power. But when it comes to holiday shopping, that is likely to fail.
Will power tends to be limited. Each successful exercise of it actually increases the likelihood of
subsequent failure, if temptations come in quick succession, as they do in shopping malls. So rather than
trying to over-ride your decision making impulse, a better strategy might be to change them. An effective
way to do that is by cultivating the emotion of gratitude.
Thats right. The solution to the shopping seasons excesses may lie in the very message of thanksgiving
itself.
Psychologists have long known that negative emotions like anger and fear can alter decisions. Until
recently, we havent focused on the effects of positive emotions on decision-making. The emotion of
gratitude, viewed from a cost-benefit perspective, stresses the long-term values of short-term sacrifice.
(e.g- If I am grateful to you for a favor Ill work hard to repay it and thereby ensure youll help me again in
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future.) Consequently, my colleagues and I suspected that gratitude might also enhance patience and
self-control.
From our study, e established that those feeling neutral demonstrated the usual preference for immediate
reward.
Certain emotions can temporarily enhance self-control by decreasing desires for immediate ratification.
Feeling happy doesnt increase patience; feeling grateful does.
So if you are looking to reduce impulse buying, take time to celebrate with your friends and family and
count your blessings. The easiest way to thwart the retailers enticements as you peruse the shopping
aisle isnt to resist what you want; it is to be thankful for what you have.
-David De Stenu in New York Times
Parking Tips
How one parks is an important car care element. It can make a difference between an old
looking car and well-kept one.
How and where you park can make a difference between a
dented car and well-kept one. It can make a difference
between heading to an important meeting in a car strewn with
leaves and bird droppings or a nice shiny one. Where and
how you park is also a safety concern for others and yourself.
Heres how to do it right while caring for your car.
Be considerate to other road users and pedestrians
When parking your car, the first thing you should check is
whether it is safe and legal to park there. Check for no
standing zones, no parking zones and day specific zones as
parking in places where one is not allowed may lead to your car getting towed. Do not park too close to a
gate, intersection, bus stop, fire hydrant, post box or taxi and rickshaw stands. One must also never park
too close to another car at the risk of getting boxed in.
Parking under trees
Parking under a tree may seem sensible as it prevents your car from getting too hot in the summers, but
stray objects like branches or coconuts might damage your car. Also, bird droppings can completely ruin
your paint if not wiped clean soon. Some migratory birds like storks have acidic droppings that burn
through your clear coat and into your paint leaving permanent damage. Check where you park and if
possible never under a tree. In the monsoon, heavy winds and rain can also cause trees to fall resulting in
complete destruction of your car.
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Cost, Rupees
12
Lamp life, hours
1000
Energy cost, for 25000 hours, Rs 4800
Life cycle cost, Rs
5100
120
6000
880
1480
350
25000
720
1070
(We assumed Rs 3.20 as the KSEB price. The tariff bracket I am in is around Rs 4 now. Ed.)
Courtesy: Energy Management Centre
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free to eat, sleep, see daylight, free to laugh and cry, free to play, free to learn, free to go to school,
and above all, free to dream.
All the great religions tell us to care for children. Jesus said: Let the children come to me; do not
hinder them, for the kingdom of God belongs to them. The Holy Quran says: Kill not your children
because of poverty.3 I refuse to accept that all the temples and mosques and churches and prayer
houses have no place for the dreams of our children. I refuse to accept that the world is so poor,
when just one week of global spending on armies is enough to bring all of our children into
classrooms. I refuse to accept that all the laws and constitutions, and the judges and the police are
not able to protect our children. I refuse to accept that the shackles of slavery can ever be stronger
than the quest for freedom.
I REFUSE TO ACCEPT.
I am privileged to work with many courageous souls who also refuse to accept. We have never given
up against any threat and attack, and we will never. Undoubtedly, progress has been made in the last
couple of decades. The number of out of school children has been halved. Child mortality and
malnutrition has been reduced, and millions of child deaths have been prevented.
The number of child labourers in the world has been reduced by a third. Make no mistake, great
challenges still remain Friends, the biggest crisis knocking on the doors of humanity today is
intolerance. We have utterly failed in imparting an education to our children. An education that gives
the meaning and objective of life and a secure future. An education that builds a sense of global
citizenship among the young people. I am afraid that the day is not far when the cumulative result of
this failure will culminate in unprecedented violence that will be suicidal for humankind.
Yet, young people like Malala, are rising up everywhere and choosing peace over violence, tolerance
over extremism, and courage over fear. Solutions are not found only in the deliberations in
conferences and prescriptions from a distance. They lie in small groups and local organisations and
individuals, who confront the problem every day, even if they remain unrecognised and unknown to
the world Eighteen years ago, millions of my brothers and sisters in 103 countries marched across
80,000 kilometers. And, a new international law against child labour was born. We have done this.
You may ask: what can one person do? Let me tell you a story I remember from my childhood: A
terrible fire had broken out in the forest. All the animals were running away, including the lion, king of
the forest. Suddenly, the lion saw a tiny bird rushing towards the fire. He asked the bird, what are
you doing? To the lions surprise, the bird replied I am on my way to extinguish the fire. He laughed
and said, how can you kill the fire with just one drop of water, in your beak? The bird was adamant,
and said, But I am doing my bit.
You and I live in the age of rapid globalisation. We are connected through high-speed Internet. We
exchange goods and services in a single global market. Each day, thousands of flights connect us to
every corner of the globe. But there is one serious disconnect. It is the lack of compassion. Let us
inculcate and transform the individuals compassion into a global movement. Let us globalise
compassion. Not passive compassion, but transformative compassion that leads to justice, equality,
and freedom.
Mahatma Gandhi said, If we are to teach real peace in this world... we shall have to begin with the
children. I humbly add, let us unite the world through the compassion for our children. Whose
children are they who stitch footballs, yet have never played with one? They are our children. Whose
children are they who mine stones and minerals? They are our children. Whose children are they
who harvest cocoa, yet do not know the taste of a chocolate? They are all our children. Devli was
born into intergenerational debt and bonded labour in India. Sitting in my car immediately after her
rescue the eight-year-old girl asked: Why did you not come earlier? Her angry question still shakes
me and has the power to shake the world. Her question is for all of us. Why did we not come
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earlier? What are we waiting for? How many more Devlis will we allow to go without rescue? How
many more girls will be abducted, confined and abused? Children, like Devli across the world are
questioning our inaction and watching our actions. We need collective actions with a sense of
urgency. Every single minute matters, every single child matters, every single childhood matters. I
challenge the passivity and pessimism surrounding our children. I challenge this culture of silence,
this culture of neutrality.
I, therefore, call upon all the governments, intergovernmental agencies, businesses, faith leaders, the
civil society, and each one of us, to put an end to all forms of violence against children. Slavery,
trafficking, child marriages, child labour, sexual abuse, and illiteracy have no place in any civilised
society.
Friends, we can do this.
Governments must make child friendly policies, and invest in education and young people.
Businesses must be more responsible and open to innovative partnerships. Intergovernmental
agencies must work together to accelerate action. Global civil society must rise above business-asusual and scattered agendas. Faith leaders and institutions, and all of us must stand with our
children. We must be bold, we must be ambitious, and we must have the will. We must keep our
promises.
Over fifty years ago, on the first day of my school I met a cobbler boy my age sitting at the school
gate, polishing shoes. I asked my teachers these questions: Why is he working outside? Why is he
not coming to school with me? My teachers had no answer. One day, I gathered the courage to ask
the boys father. He said: Sir, I have never thought about it. We are just born to work. This made me
angry. It still makes me angry. I challenged it then, and I am challenging it today.
As a child, I had a vision of tomorrow. That cobbler boy was studying with me in my classroom. Now,
that tomorrow has become TODAY. I am TODAY, and you are TODAY. TODAY it is time for every
child to have the right to life, the right to freedom, the right to health, the right to education, the right to
safety, the right to dignity, the right to equality, and the right to peace. 5
TODAY, beyond the darkness, I see the smiling faces of our children in the blinking stars. TODAY, in
every wave of every ocean, I see our children playing and dancing. TODAY, in every plant, tree, and
mountain, I see that little cobbler boy sitting with me in the classroom. I want you to see and feel this
TODAY inside you. My dear sisters and brothers, may I ask you to close your eyes and put your hand
close to your heart for a moment? Can you feel the child inside you? Now, listen to this child. I am
sure you can! Today, I see thousands of Mahatma Gandhis, Martin Luther Kings, and Nelson
Mandelas marching forward and calling on us. The boys and girls have joined. I have joined in. We
ask you to join too.
Let us democratise knowledge.
Let us universalise justice.
Together, let us globalise compassion, for our children!
I call upon you in this room, and all across the world.
I call for a march from exploitation to education, from poverty to shared prosperity, a march from
slavery to liberty, and a march from violence to peace.
Let us march from darkness to light. Let us march from mortality to divinity.
Let us march!
THE NOBEL FOUNDATION, STOCKHOLM, 2014
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Comedy of Errors
A man checked into a hotel. There was a computer in his room, so he decided to send a mail to his wife.
He accidentally typed the wrong email address, and without realizing sent the mail to a widow who has
just returned from her husband's funeral. The widow opened up her mail, expecting condolence
messages from relatives and friends. After reading the first message she fainted. The son rushed into the
room, found his mother on the floor and saw the computer screen which read:
'to my loving wife, i know you are surprised to hear from me. They have computers here and we are
allowed to send mails to loved ones. Ive just been checked in. How are you and the kids? This place is
really nice but I am lonely here. I have made necessary arrangement for your arrival tomorrow. Expecting
to see you darling soon. I can't wait anymore to see you!!
Suhair A.K.
The new Office bearers of Kannur unit for the year 2015
THE NEW TEAM WITH Er.K.P.RAVINDRAN,THE SENIOR MOST MEMBER OF KANNUR UNIT
Bring your mouse on each engineers left ear to know who is who
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WEDDING
B
Bhhuuvvaannaa,, ddaauugghhtteerr ooff LLaattee E
Err.. E
E..P
P..P
Paaddm
maannaabbhhaann ((K
Kaannnnuurr)) m
maarrrriieedd A
Ajjiinnjjiitthh oonn
2255tthhD
Deecceem
mbbeerr,, 22001144 aatt K
Kaannnnuurr.. A
A llaarrggee nnuum
mbbeerr ooff oouurr m
meem
mbbeerrss aanndd w
weelll--w
wiisshheerrss
aatttteennddeedd tthhee ffuunnccttiioonn.. LLiinneeaaggee w
wiisshh tthheem
m aa hhaappppyy aanndd pprroossppeerroouuss m
maarrrriieedd lliiffee.
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