28/6/2014

Anand
Pattern

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The Kaira Dis trict Co-operative Milk Producers Union (Am ul) is headquartered at Anand. Planners , econom is
ts , adm inis trators , dairym en, journalis ts have been vis iting Anand to s tudy the ingredients of its s ucces s .

The Anand Pattern is es s entially an econom ic organizational pattern to benefit s m

all producers who join hands form ing an integrated approach in order to econom y
of a large s cale bus ines s . The whole operation is profes s ionally m anaged s o
that the individual producers have the freedom to decide their own policies . The
adoption of m odern production and m arketing techniques helps in providing thos e
s ervices that s m all producers individually can neither afford nor m anage.

Amul Food Guides

It has s ucceeded largely becaus e Anand Model involves people in their own
developm ent and becaus e their interes ts are s afe in their own hands . Under
Operation Flood the entire ins titutional infras tructure s et up at the village level, the dis
trict level and the s tate level is owned and operated by the farm ers them s elves . The
Anand Model co- operatives have progres s ively elim inated m iddlem en, bringing the
producers in direct contact with cons um ers .
The Anand Pattern s ucceeded becaus e it gave a fair price to the farm er and high - quality m ilk and m ilk products to
the cons um er. What would have been m iddlem ens profits in the earlier s ys tem got abs orbed into developm ent
projects for prim ary producer or lower cos t for the cons um er. In s hort, the Anand Pattern m eant the utilization of
res ources in the m os t profitable m anner at gras s -root level.

The Three Tier Structure: Primary

Society

Village

Co-operative

The Firs t Tier - Prim ary village Co-operative Society: An Anand Pattern village
dairy cooperative s ociety (DCS) is form ed by m ilk producers . Any producer can
becom e a DCS m em ber by buying a s hare and com m itting to s ell m ilk only to the
s ociety. Each DCS has a m ilk collection centre where m em bers take m ilk every day.
Each m em ber's m ilk is tes ted for quality with paym ents bas ed on the percentage of
fat and SNF. At the

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end of each year, a portion of the DCS profits is us ed to pay each m em ber a
patronage bonus bas ed on the quantity of m ilk poured. This als o acts as a vital
link for various productivity enhancem ent and developm ent program m es of farm ers
program m es .

District Union The 2nd Tier District Union: District

Union:
A Dis trict Cooperative Milk Producers ' Union is owned by dairy cooperative s ocieties . It
is a Union of prim ary village co-operative s ocieties within a dis trict. The Union buys
all the s ocieties ' m ilk, then proces s es and m arkets fluid m ilk and products . Union als
o provides a range of inputs and s ervices to village co-operative s ocieties and their m
em bers : feed, veterinary care, artificial ins em ination to s us tain the growth of m ilk
production and the cooperatives ' bus ines s . Union s taff train and provide cons ulting s
ervices to s upport village co-operative s ociety leaders and s taff.

The State Federation

Federation:

3rd

Tier

The

State

The cooperative m ilk producers ' unions in a s tate form a State

Federation which is an apex m arketing body res pons ible for m
arketing of m ilk and m ilk products of m em ber unions . The Federation
als o plays a role in the overall developm ent of the dis trict unions
federated to it.

Maxim izing farm er profit and productivity through cooperative effort is

the hallm ark of the Anand Pattern.

Social impact
The s pread of the co-operative m ovem ent in the villages is contributing to s ocial changes . Som e of the changes
are:

The dem ocratic proces s election of the village s ocietys office-bearers is breaking down s ocial and econom
ic divis ions . The s ociety is being perceived as a m eans of livelihood unlike, s ay, a panchayat. The feeling,
therefore, is that it ought to be m anaged by thos e who are likely to run it m os t efficiently not neces s arily by the
entrenched elite.

District Union The 2nd Tier District Union: District

Union:
Cas te barriers are s lowly breaking down in equalizing queues before the m ilk
collection centre. In the traditional s ocieties untouchables could not have even dream
t of s elling m ilk for com m on cons um ption. This s ocial barrier has been rem oved
by the m ilk co- operatives .

Modern concepts like organization, technology, and s ocial concern are entering the
rural areas . In their s earch for s olutions in other com partm ents of life, farm ers often
us ed the expres s ion, s om ething like the dairy or s im ilar to what the dairy does .

Education in a non-s chool s ens e is als o s preading. Veterinary care, the s upply
of balanced cattle feed, and artificial ins em ination centers are contributing to
health education, nutrition education and s ex education.

There is a change in the s tatus of wom en. Generally incom e from m ilk is cons idered
to be earned by them . Men concede that thos e wom en s hould have a s ay in how
this m oney is to be s pent.

Hope has kindled in landles s labourers without em ploym ent that they do not have to m igrate
to cities in s earch of an incom e. Milk co-operative s ocieties have created white-collar jobs
too.

Am ul continues to ins pire one and all interes ted not only in dairying but als o in other
areas , people involved in the rural developm ent and s us taining livelihood through
m as s ive em ploym ent generation.

Dr. Ve rghe se Kurie n

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