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Types of diabetes
Type 1 diabetes (T1D)
Description
increased thirst (polydipsia) and increased urination (polyuria) are more commonly
noted (although other symptoms can be present).
because pregnancy itself causes increased urination, these symptoms are difficult
to recognize as abnormal.
a larger than normal baby during pregnancy (noted on routine prenatal exam)
may prompt diabetic screening.
Diagnosis
standard OGTT is done at 24-28 weeks after an overnight fast (fasting plasma
glucose and a plasma glucose 2 hours after 75g glucose drink is done).
a 2 hour level >=7.8 mmol/L (or 140 mg/dL) is diagnostic of gestational diabetes.
If fasting and postprandial blood sugars are elevated in the first trimester, this
may indicate preexisting diabetes mellitus (which is considered a different condition, with
different implications).
Treatment