Sustainable Development Goals

Dr. Lakshmikanth Hari

Chairperson - Centre for Sustainable Development

K J Somaiya Institute of Management Studies & Research, Mumbai

 Sustainable Development
MDGs
SDGs

Sustainable Development
A search for sustainable development yields
36 million hits on Google and
89,000 articles with that term in their title on Google Scholar.
It is now being used in every imaginable context from transport to
agriculture, from local to global, from rural to urban.
This popularity has grown in parallel with lots of activity at
international and national levels toward promoting the concept,
particularly in officialdom, aid agencies, nongovernmental
organizations (NGOs), and even the corporate sector.

Sustainable Development
The 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro resulted in a document by
means of which the goal of Sustainable development was officially
adopted by the 170 governments present.
The Earth Summit also resulted in international conventions on
biodiversity, wetlands, and forestry, and in starting the process for
negotiating a convention on climate change.

Sustainable Development
This was followed by the
Creation of the UN Center for Sustainable Development,
Adoption of sustainable development goals by the World Bank,
Formulation of national sustainable development strategies by many
countries,
World Summit on Sustainable Development in Johannesburg in
2002.
That summit was a bit of a failure

Sustainable Development
Focus shifted back to poverty alleviation, resulting in the Millennium
Development Goals (MDGs) taking center stage. Global negotiations
on climate change and some other related themes continued.
After the Rio+20 summit in 2012, sustainable development is back in
focus in international policy discourse, with the concept of
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set to replace or complement
the MDGs that will expire in 2015.

Sustainable Development
SD is in real danger of becoming a cliche like appropriate technology - a fashionable phrase that everyone pays homage to but nobody
cares to define.
Four years ago, Tolba lamented that SD had become "an article of
faith, a shibboleth; often used, but little explained (Tolba, 1984a);

Sustainable Development
Development and Environmental degradation are interlinked?

Sustainable Development

Sustainable Development

Sustainable Development

Sustainable Development
Sustainable development has been defined in many ways, but the most
frequently quoted definition is from Our Common Future, also known as
the Brundtland Report:
"Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the
present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet
their own needs.
It contains within it two key concepts:
the concept of needs, in particular the essential needs of the world's poor,
to which overriding priority should be given; and
the idea of limitations imposed by the state of technology and social
organization on the environment's ability to meet present and future
needs."

Sustainable Development
All definitions of sustainable development require that we see the world as a systema system
that connects space; and a system that connects time.
When you think of the world as a system over space, you grow to understand that air pollution
from North America affects air quality in Asia, and that pesticides sprayed in Argentina could
harm fish stocks off the coast of Australia.
And when you think of the world as a system over time, you start to realize that the decisions our
grandparents made about how to farm the land continue to affect agricultural practice today; and
the economic policies we endorse today will have an impact on urban poverty when our children
are adults.
We also understand that quality of life is a system, too. It's good to be physically healthy, but what
if you are poor and don't have access to education? It's good to have a secure income, but what if
the air in your part of the world is unclean? And it's good to have freedom of religious expression,
but what if you can't feed your family?
The concept of sustainable development is rooted in this sort of systems thinking. It helps us
understand ourselves and our world. The problems we face are complex and seriousand we
can't address them in the same way we created them. But we can address them.

Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)

At the Millennium Summit in September 2000 the largest gathering of
world leaders in history adopted the UN Millennium Declaration,
committing their nations to a new global partnership to reduce extreme
poverty and setting out a series of time-bound targets, with a deadline of
2015, that have become known as the Millennium Development Goals.
The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are the world's time-bound
and quantified targets for addressing extreme poverty in its many
dimensions-income poverty, hunger, disease, lack of adequate shelter,
and exclusion-while promoting gender equality, education, and
environmental sustainability. They are also basic human rights-the rights
of each person on the planet to health, education, shelter, and security.

Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)

Goal 1: Eradicate Extreme Hunger and Poverty
Goal 2: Achieve Universal Primary Education
Goal 3: Promote Gender Equality and Empower Women
Goal 4: Reduce Child Mortality
Goal 5: Improve Maternal Health
Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases
Goal 7: Ensure Environmental Sustainability
Goal 8: Develop a Global Partnership for Development

Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)

Goal 7: Ensure Environmental Sustainability
Target 9. Integrate the principles of sustainable development into country
policies and programs and reverse the loss of environmental resources
Indicators
25. Proportion of land area covered by forest (FAO)
26. Ratio of area protected to maintain biological diversity to surface area
(UNEP-WCMC)
27. Energy use (kg oil equivalent) per $1 GDP (PPP) (IEA, World Bank)
28. Carbon dioxide emissions per capita (UNFCCC, UNSD) and consumption
of ozone-depleting CFCs (ODP tons) (UNEP-Ozone Secretariat)
29. Proportion of population using solid fuels (WHO)

Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)

Goal 7: Ensure Environmental Sustainability
Target 10. Halve, by 2015, the proportion of people without sustainable
access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation Indicators
30. Proportion of population with sustainable access to an improved water
source, urban and rural (UNICEF-WHO)
31. Proportion of population with access to improved sanitation, urban and
rural (UNICEF-WHO)
Target 11. Have achieved by 2020 a significant improvement in the lives of at
least 100 million slum dwellers Indicators
32. Proportion of households with access to secure tenure (UN-HABITAT)

Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)

The world has made significant progress in achieving many of the
Goals.
But progress has been far from uniform across the world-or across
the Goals. There are huge disparities across and within countries.
Within countries, poverty is greatest for rural areas, though urban
poverty is also extensive, growing, and underreported by traditional
indicators.

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

This year, the millennium development goals launched in 2000 to
make global progress on poverty, education, health, hunger and the
environment expire. UN member states are finalising the
sustainable development goals that will replace them

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Goal 1: End poverty in all its forms everywhere
Goal 2: End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and
promote sustainable agriculture
Goal 3: Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages
Goal 4: Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote
lifelong learning opportunities for all
Goal 5: Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Goal 6: Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and
sanitation for all
Goal 7: Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern
energy for all
Goal 8: Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth,
full and productive employment and decent work for all
Goal 9: Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable
industrialization and foster innovation
Goal 10: Reduce inequality within and among countries

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Goal 11: Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient
and sustainable
Goal 12: Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns
Goal 13: Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts*
Goal 14: Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine
resources for sustainable development
Goal 15: Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial
ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and
halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Goal 16: Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable
development, provide access to justice for all and build effective,
accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels
Goal 17: Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the
global partnership for sustainable development

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Goals (SDGs) related to Goal 7: Ensure Environmental Sustainability of MDGs are:
Goal 6, Goal 12, Goal 13, Goal 14, Goal 15
Goal 6: Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for
all
Goal 12: Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns
Goal 13: Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts*
Goal 14: Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for
sustainable development
Goal 15: Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems,
sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land
degradation and halt biodiversity loss

Thank You