Theory Photosynthesis

Closing stomata cells have chlorophyll content. When exposed to sunlight, these cells
will experience photosynthesis. This will produce sugar dissolved in a liquid cell cover. The
presence of soluble sugars cause the value of PA (Potential Water) cover cell fluid decreases,
resulting in PO (Potential Osmotic) cover cell fluid also decreases, so that the cell turgor
pressure inside the cover increases, because the water from neighboring cells to enter the cell
cover, and stomata open.
Classical theory (Sayre)

In the afternoon (There is Light)

In the daytime photosynthesis occurs in the cell cover, which resulted in decreased CO2

carbohydrates. Because of the reduction reaction, the amount of H + ions is reduced, which
causes high pH in the cell or the environment becomes alkaline. This alkaline environment
increases the activity of enzymes to convert starch phosphorylase / starch to glucose-1phosphate. The formation of glucose resulted in the value of the PO and PA cells cover
decreased, as a result of water from neighboring cells to enter the cell cover, which increases
the pressure inside the cell turgor peutup, so that stomata can be opened.

At Night

At night the photosynthesis does not occur, because there is no sunlight. As a result, CO2
is in the cell to react with water and produce carbonic acid. Due to the presence of HCO3 pH
in the cell cover to 4-5, the environment becomes acidic. It increases the activity of the
enzyme phosphorylase to convert glucose to glucose-1-phosphate which then will be
converted back into a starch / starch. This change makes the cell fluid cover becomes more
dilute, PA fluid cells increased cover, which makes the water from inside the cell cover flow
out towards neighboring cells, so that the cell turgor pressure in the lower cover, and the
stomata close.
Modification Classical Theory (Levitt)
This theory assumes that the state of the cell pH becomes acidic cover is not caused
by the formation of H2CO3, but due to accumulation of organic acids. During the day, many
organic acids overhauled through the process of photosynthesis, thus increasing the pH inside

the cell cover, the environment inside the cell cover becomes alkaline. While at night, the pH
in the cell cover decreases, the state of the environment becomes acidic. State of the
environment in the cell cover becomes acidic due to high CO2 levels, then with the help of
carboxylase enzymes, organic acids forming the cell cover.
Pumping Ions K+
Guard cells take K + ions through active transport, which requires ATP, because this
process against a concentration gradient. This causes water molecules to enter the cell
through a process of osmosis cover. Water is needed in the process of photosynthesis to
produce ATP. Guard cell walls thickened uneven and has a circular mikrofibil cellulose. This
causes the cells to cover dent into when turgor pressure inside increases, so can open stomata.
When K + ions are pumped out of the cell cover, water molecules were also out of the cell by
osmosis cover. This causes turgor pressure in the cell cover decreases, so the stomata close.