Chapter 5 : The Air Around Us

Aras rendah
1. What is the average percentage of nitrogen in the air?
A 0.03%
B 0.97%
C 21%
D 78%
2. The presence of carbon dioxide can be detected by using
A A red litmus paper
B a glowing wooden splinter
C hydrogen carbonate indicator
D water
3. Which of the following is true about the composition of inhaled air and exhaled air?
A
B
C
D

Composition
Water vapour
Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
Nitrogen

Inhaled air
Less
21%
0.03%
78%

Exhaled air
More
4%
16%
21%

4. Respiration increases the percentage of in the air.

A nitrogen
B oxygen
C inert gases
D carbon dioxide
5. What is the average percentage of oxygen in exhaled air?
A.
B.
C.
D.

4%
16%
21%
78%

6. A gas has the following characterisrics

. Odourless
. Colourless
. Very soluble in sodium hydroxide solution.

The gas is
A neon
B oxygen
C nitrogen
D carbon dioxide
7. Diagram shows the percentage composition of air.

Which gas A, B, C, and D supports combustion?

8. The information below shows some properties of a gas.
. Its extinguishes a burning splinter.
. It is very soluble in sodium hydroxide solution.
. It turns blue litmus paper red.
What is the gas?
A Oxygen
B Carbon dioxide
C Nitrogen
D Hydrogen

Aras sederhana
1. Gas X turns blue litmus paper to red. Gas X is.
A
B
C
D

Oxygen
Nitrogen
Carbon dioxide
Water vapour

2. The presence of water vapour in the air can be tested by

I anhydrous calcium chloride
II anhydrous copper (II) sulphate
III hydrogen carbonate indicator
A I and II only
B I and III only
C II and III only
D I, II and III
3. A type of gas has the following properties

Slightly soluble in water

Not soluble in sodium hydroxide solution
Neutral

The gas is.

A Oxygen
B Carbon dioxide
C Bromine
D Inert gases
4. Diagram shows a plastic bottle caving in when the air inside is sucked out.

This happens because

A the air pressure outside increases
B the air inside the bottle contracts
C the air pressure in the bottle decreases
D the temperature in the bottle decreases
5. Diagram shows a boy using a straw to suck a drink.

The drink is not sucked into the mouth because the air pressure in the straw is
A the same as the air pressure outside
B more than the air pressure outside
C less than the air pressure outside
D pressing on the drink.

6.

Figure shows two glass jars,X and Y,filled with air.Both jars have lighted candles placed
in them.The candle in X is extinguished earlier than the candle in Y.This is because
A air in X has more water vapour
B air in Y has more water vapour
C air in X has more oxygen
D air in Y has more oxygen
7. Diagram shows the burning of charcoal.

The process above will produce

I heat
II light
III water
IV carbon dioxide
A I and II only
B I and III only
C I, II and IV only
D I, II, III, and IV.

Aras tinggi
1. Diagram 1 shows an experiment carried out to show respiration

Diagram 1

Which of the test tubes record a change in the colour of hydrogen carbonate
indicator after an hour?
A P and Q
B P and R
C Q and R
D P, Q and R
2. Diagram 2 shows an experiment carried out to study respiration

Diagram 2

Which of the following observations one may make after an hour?

A
B
C
D

Set P
Thermometer reading increases
Red ink moves away from the test
tube
Thermometer reading decreases
Red ink moves towards test tube

Set Q
No change in thermometer reading
Red ink moves towards the test tube
Thermometer reading increases
Red ink moves away from test tube

3. Diagram shows an experiment.A gas jar is inverted over a lighted candle.

What would be observed after 15 minutes?

A The candle continues to burn and the water in the gas jar remains at the same level.
B The candle continues to burn and the water level in the gas jar rises up about onefifth its height.
C The candle is extinguisged and the water level in the gas jar moves up about onefifth its height.
D The candle is extinguisged but the water level in the gas jar remains at the same
level.

4. Three boiling tubes containing carbon dioxide are each inverted into glass through
container water,sodium hydroxide and alkaline pyrogallol solution.Diagram shows the
initial level of the liquids in each case.

What would be observed after 10 minutes?

A X and Y only
B X and Z only
C Y and Z only
D X , Y and Z
5. The greenhouse effect is the result of
A too much carbon dioxide being released into the atmosphere
B the solubility of carbon dioxide in rain water
C the melting of ice in the North Pole

D too much oxygen being used

Structure question
1. Compare and contrast oxygen and carbon dioxide. (Aras sederhana)
Similarities

Carbon dioxide

Differences

Oxygen

pH value
Taste
Effect on glowing
wooden splint
Reaction with sodium
hydroxide
Reaction with limewater
2. Diagram 3 shows the apparatus set up to show that living things released carbon
dioxide during respiration.

a) What observation can be made after 30 minutes.

(Aras rendah)

The bicarbonate indicator in test tube and test tube .. turns from
to ............... colour.
b) Match the following variables by drawing lines

(Aras sederhana)

i) Constant
0 variable

Presence of living things

ii) 0Manipulated variable

0

Colour of the bicarbonate indicator

iii)0Responding variable

Air in the test tube

c) What is the conclusion of the experiment?

(Aras tinggi)

Living things release .

3. Search the word maze to find seven components of air (Aras sederhana)
m c m i
c s
l
i
w a r
a i
r
p
o a g a n n i
t
n g e s
u d l
o r
r
t
m i
c r
o o r
g a n i
l
b u x y g e n b a l
l
u u c
l
o c o l
l
s
e l
c i
t
r
a p
d n c i
p t
r
e e a t
e e f
n
r
d s
s
c a o b g r
i
e o e n
o i
w w s
c v v a e e e g r
t
p o e t
r
a i
r
s
a n o m n i
p x c y c o u l
e t
r
x g o x
s
i
r
a i
n c e s
t
o r
q e n
o d t
w n t
i
x i
x a o o x y
t
e t
w x e n n t
o l
w a i
r

a
y
s
s
t
l
o
n
e
g
y
x
o

p
b
m
t
s
a
n
l
g
e
x
n
h

The seven components of air are : i)

_______________________
_____________________

v)

ii)

_______________________
_____________________
_______________________
____________________
_______________________

vi)

iii)
iv)

vii)

4. Air is a mixture and not a compound. Based on the picture below, complete the
sentences which explain why air is a mixture. (Aras sederhana)

e
i
s
x
u
i
w
c
x
n
g
e
a

n
e
w
g
d
r
r
a
i
t
s
t
m

Burning
Proportions
Carbon dioxide
Photosynthesis
Garden
Separated
Microorganism
Particles
oxygen

Air is a mixture of gases and also contains water vapour, __________________ and
dust. The components of air can be ____________________ physically.
________________ is used in respiration in living organisms. Oxygen is also needed
for ________________. These processes release ________________ into the air. The
carbon dioxide in air then is taken in by green plants for __________________,
where food is made. The constituent gases in air may be mixed in different
______________. For example, the percentage of carbon dioxide is higher in
industrial areas compared to a _______________ full of lush green trees.
5. Answer the following questions based on the diagram given. A lighted candle is
placed inside an inverted gas jar in water as shown in the diagram 4

Diagram 4

a) What hypothesis can be proposed?

(Aras rendah)
_______________ of the volume (21%) of air consists of ______________
b) Match the following variables by drawing lines
i) Constant variable

(Aras sederhana)

The increase in water level in the gas jar

ii) Manipulated variable

Size of the gas jar

iii) Responding variable

Burning of the candle

c) What happened to the flame of the candle and water level at the end of the
experiment?
(Aras Tinggi)
__________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________.
6. Ali inverted a gas jar over a lighted candle in a basin of water as shown in diagram

He recorded two observation as shown in table

P
Q

Observation
The candle flame got smaller,spluttered and then went out
When the flame went out,water rose in the gas jar and the water level in the
glass basin dropped slightly.

(a)What inferences can you make based on the observations in table about P and Q ?
(2marks)
(b)Describe two other observations in the experiment.(2 marks)
(c) (i)What gases are produced by the lighted candle? ( 2 marks )
(ii)Explain the presence of the gases you have given in 1(c)(i). (2 marks)

7. Diagram shows the beginning and end of an experiment to determine the percentage in
air.In the experiment a gas jar is inverted over a lighted candle in a basin containing some
water.The initial and final level of the water in the gas jar are noted.

(a)(i)What happens to the following at the end of the experiment?

1.The lighted candle.
2.The water level in the gas jar. (2 marks)

(ii)Explain the observation you have given in 2(a)(i)(2 marks)

(b)What conclusion can you draw from the experiment?(2 marks)
(c)Based on diagram above,calculate the percentage of oxygen in air. (2 marks)

8. Diagram shows a hydrocarbon,kerosene,burning in a gas jar containing water.

(a)Name elements found in kerosene. (2 marks)

(b)(i)Name the droplets of liquid formed on the sides of the gas jar.
(ii)How would you test for the presence of the liquis stated in (b)(i)?(2 marks)
(c)(i)What happen to the limewater in the gas jar?
(ii)What gas is produced when kerosene burns in air?(2 marks)
(d)Complete the word equation below to show the combustion of kerosene in air.
Kerosene + oxygen

_________________+_________________ (1 mark)

(e)State the change in energy involved in the combustion of kerosene in air. (1 mark)

9. The pie chart in diagram below shows the percentage composition of air by volume.

(a)On diagram above,name the gas labeled X,Y and Z using the following words( 3
marks)
Oxygen

Nitrogen

Carbon dioxide

(b)State how gas Y and gas Z can be tested.( 2 marks)

Gas
Test
Y
Z
(c)What is the effect of deforestation on gas Y? (1 mark)

10. A student carried out an experiment to investigate the effect of quantity of air on the
burning of candle.The time taken for the candle to extinguished in each of the bell jar is
shown by the stopwatch in diagram below.

(Based on diagram above,record the stopwatch readings in the table.( 3 marks)

Bell jar
P
Q
R

Stopwatch reading/s

(b)Based on table above,draw a bar chart to show the stopwatch readings in the different
bell jars. (3 marks)
(c)State the variables involved in this experiment. (3 marks)
(i)Manipulated variable:
(ii)Responding variable:
(iii)Controlled variable:
(d)Based on experiment,write a hypothesis.(1 mark)
(e)Predict the time taken for the candle to be extinguished if it is put in a bell jar which is
bigger than P. (1 mark)

(f)Based on the experiment,what can you deduce about the meaning of combustion of a
candle. (1 mark)