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I. INTRODUCTION
The state of Odisha comprising of vast quantity of iron
ore deposits has been evolved as the highest iron ore
producing state in India. Banded iron formations form a
major component of the Precambrian greenstone belts
and similar supracrustals the world over [1], [2], which
hosts the iron ores in Odisha. The three iron ore groups
structuring Iron Ore Super Group (IOSG) [3]-[7] are
confined to the periphery of the North Odisha Iron Ore
Craton (NOIOC) [8]-[10] (Fig.1). Three prominent
provinces comprising BIFs such as BadampaharGorumahisani-Suleipat belt, Daitari-Tomka belt and
Bonai-Keonjhar belt constitute the Iron Ore Supergroup
of Odisha, which have been designated as BIF-I, BIF-II
and BIF-III respectively as in [6]. The ArchaeanProterozoic met sediments including the banded iron
formation of the IOSG have been well developed in
Bonai-Keonjhar belt. The Bonai-Keonjhar belt popularly
famous as Horse-Shoe belt is the youngest one in the
three tire classification of BIF and known as BIF-III.
Field investigations are made in Bansapani-Jilling-Jajang
area
(latitude-215500220000,
longitude852500- 852600), which is located in the eastern
limb of Bonai- Keonjhar belt in the Keonjhar district,
Odisha and forms a part of Survey of India top sheet
number 73G/5.The iron ore basins have been studied in
detail by Acharya and has unravelled the stratigraphy and
structure of the basins [11] and their role in prospecting
of the ore bodies. A good amount of details on the infra-,
intra- and supra- BIF nature of ore deposits have been
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sediments)
this group was considered as the youngest in the Iron Ore
Older shales
Banded chert shale
Super group of North Odisha and named as BIF-III as in
Banded coloured shale
[5],[6], [14]. The BIF members of volcano-sedimentary
Variegated shale
designate are abundant rock units of the area. They
Mn-rich shale including
include banded hematite quartzite (BHQ), banded
BMF (Banded Manganese
hematite jasper (BHJ), banded hematite shale (BHS),
Formation) and wad at the
banded hematite chart (BHC), banded shale, ferruginous
base
shale, and iron ore bodies (Fig.2.B). Banded hematite
Pyrite bearing shale
jasper is noted profusely and considered as the
Tuffites and Fe-shales
predominant rock unit in the area. The banded shale
exhibits different color bands alternately and located
Volcanic
flows
(with
alternately with BIF. There is sporadic occurrence of
gradational contact above
Keonjharferruginous shales, lateralized shales and tuffaceous
and intratrappean sandstone
Nuakot
shale. The rocks of this youngest Iron ore belt have
top word.
volcanics
hardly
undergone
metamorphic
transformation.
Dhanjori sandstone (arenite
Dhanjori
with intercalated shale (FeSometimes they suffer from very low grade
Group
rich)
metamorphism, which is very rare event. The general
Basal conglomerate
trend of the study area is in NNE direction having low
(impersistent)
plunge. The structure of the rock of this area is
complicated due to several fold movements. The axis of
the major fold is N-S. The ore bodies are laid down in the
synform with their axes plunging due south and north.
Specifically the Langalota ore body, the northern part
plunges due north and southern part plunges due south.
Rocks are subjected to polyphase deformation with
maximum of three phases of folding. This results in
forming more open type cross folding, which develops
wide spread dome and basin patterns due to interference
of folds. The area encounters random faults of various
dimensions trending in N-S direction. The rocks of the
area have not undergone metamorphism The stratigraphic
sequence of the Bansapani-Jilling-Jajang is same as that
of the regional stratigraphy, which is given in Table 1
[16].
Table 1: General Stratigraphic Succession of BIF of Study
Area, Modified After [16]
Kolhan
Kolhan
Group
formations
Younger Shales
Youngest
Iron
Ore
Group (BIFIII)
Iron-formations
Kolhan sandstone
Ferruginous shale
Volcanics with BIF
fragments
BIF and iron ores with
variants (Supra-BIF Ore)
Ultra basics ( intrusion time
not exactly known)
Banded hematite / magnetite
/ siderite / pyrite
jasper / chert / shale (Ferich), (intra-BIF ore )
Infra-BIF-Iron ores
(impersistent )
Stromatolitic dolomite
Algal mat in shale (Fe-rich)
(?)
Yellow shale (tuff and
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of massive iron ore occurs in a vertical stretch ranging
A
B
from 7 to 62 metres. BHQ and BHJ occur below the iron
ores. Nearly similar situation prevails in the eastern part
of the Jajang-Langalota block except two shale layers,
one lying at the top and the other one is confined within
the massive iron ore.
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BANS
JIL
JAJA
PANI
LIN
NG
IV. CONCLUSION
The Bonai-Keonjhar belt is one of the three promising
iron ore producing horizons of the Iron Ore Super Group
of Odisha. A detailed lithological study is carried out at
the surface, mine cross sections and subsurface around
the study area to establish lithostratigraphy of the area. In
the Banspani-Jilling-Jajang area Banded Iron Formations
of the Precambrian age is found to be the host rock of
iron ores constituting BHJ as major rock unit. Iron ores
directly rests over the BHJ or BHQ in almost all case
excepting some places where it sits on the shale. The
thickness of overlying iron ores varies in wide range in
comparison to the underlying BIFs and other litho units.
During the course of investigation no iron ore layer is
found at depth below the BHJ/BHQ. The
shale/ferruginous shale horizon makes a random
appearance irrespective of depth. Shale (bottom) of the
mixed facies formation overlies the tuffaceous shale of
the volcanic formation. The shales are interbedded with
cherty band, which is grey in colour, often ferruginous
and manganiferous. The Banded Hematite Jasper (BHJ)
formation overlies the shale bottom. Though
stratigraphically iron ore overlies BHJ, but at many
places it directly overlies shale. The iron ore bodies are
interbedded with thin bands of shale similar in nature to
the bottom or top shale and are extensively lateritised.
The shale (top) overlies the iron ore and is similar in
physical characteristics to the bottom shale. It is often
silicified and hard.
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