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By :
Gusti Wiweka D
Lintang Pertiwi
M. Fikri Alauddin
Nida Amalia
Rinta Novelinta
Risty Pradana L W
Thermochemistry
1. The purpose
To determine a constant of calorimeter
To determine the calor of neutralization reaction
2. Theory
Thermochemistry is a subject that learn about the change of
heat or calor from chemical reaction. The energy which is
participated the chemical reaction is organized as calor. Calor or
heat is the energy that moved because the differences of
temperature. Amount of calor which is extricable or absorbed in a
chemical reaction is known as enthalpy, which expressed with (H).
Enthalpy will permanently constant if no energy enter or out of
substances. Rate of enthalpy is not able to be determined except
the change of enthalpy. Enthalpys change happens because there
is an energy movement between the system and the surroundings.
The system is a certain part which is became center of attention or
center of observation. While the surroundings is all of things that is
out of system.
Hn constitutes quarrel between enthalpys product
enthalpis reactant. With formula :
Explanation :
H = Hp - Hr
H = The change of enthalpy
Hp = Enthalpys product
Hr = Enthalpys reactant
with
m
Mr
m = n . Mr
= 0,01 . 40
= 0,4 gram
2) Take the 0,4 gram NaOH, then mix with the aquades until
the volume is 100 ml. (the volume of NaOH = 0.4 ml)
3
m
Mr
23
36,5
= 0,63 mol
V 1 . M 1 = V2 . M 2
V1 =
=
=
=
V 2.M 2
M1
V 2. M 2
( M ) .10 .
Mr
100 . 0,1
( 23 ) .10 .1,03
36,5
100 . 0,1
236,9
36,5
10
6.5
= 1.5 ml
2) Take 1,5 ml of HCl or 30 drops of HCl
b.
6. Data Analyze
Calculation
1,25+ 2
2
= 1,625C
Qsolution = msolution . c . T
= 100 g . 4,2 J/g0C . 1,625 0C
= 682,5 J
Because Qsystem = Qsolution + Qreaction
0 = Qsolution + Qreaction
Qreaction = - Qsolution
Qreaction = - 682,5 J
nHCl = M . VHCl = 0,005 mol
nNaOH = M . VNaOH = 0,005 mol
The calor of neutralization reaction (H) =
Q
mol
=
682,5 j
0,005mol
= - 136,5
KJ/mole.
7. Data Analysis
In this experiment, the first temperature of HCl and NaOH are
same that is 28C. Then put both of them into the calorimeter, the
temperature will be increase to 38 C. That temperature is known as
the last temperature.
From the observation data, we know that the proccess is
eksoterm. The calor or heat releases from the system to the
surroundings. The calorimeter which is used in this experiment is
simple calorimeter or constan-pressure calorimeter, because the
pressure is constant so the change of calor for the proccess (Q reaction)
5
682,5 j
0,005mol
= - 136,5 KJ/mole.
682,5 j
0,005mol
= - 136,5 KJ/mole.
f.