Chapter 3.

Past Time 1

3.1 Pendahuluan
A. Deskripsi singkat: Pokok bahasan ini memberikan pengetahuan tata Bahasa Inggris
dalam membuat kalimat kalimat untuk mengungkapkan kejadian pada waktu lampau
(past time) menggunakan simple past, regular verbs, dan be & -ed.
B. Relevansi: Pokok bahasan ini merupakan bagian pertama dari tiga materi cara
membuat kalimat untuk mengungkapkan kejadian pada waktu lampau (past time).
C. Kompetensi
C.1. Standar Kompetensi: mampu membuat kalimat simple past dengan benar.
C.2. Kompetensi Dasar: Setelah menyelesaikan Pokok bahasan ini Mahasiswa mampu
1. Membuat kalimat simple past.
2. Membuat kalimat simple past menggunakan regular verbs.
3. Membuat kalimat simple past menggunakan be & -ed.
D. Petunjuk Belajar: bacalah tiap kalimat dengan teliti, telaah, dan tulis kembali materi
dengan ringkas dalam tabel atau resume. Kerjakan semua latihan soal, verifikasi
jawaban Anda dengan jawaban yang disertakan pada setiap akhir bab.
3.2 Penyajian
3.2.1

Uraian

1. Expressing Past Time : The Simple Past

a. The simple past is used to talk about activities or situations that began and ended in
the past (e.g., yesterday, last night, two days ago, in 1999).

For example :
a . Mary walked down town yesterday
b . I slept for eight hours last night.

b. Most simple past verbs are formed by adding -ed to a verb.

For example:
(a) Bob stayed home yesterday morning.
(b) Our plane arrived on time last night.

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c. Some verbs have irregular past forms.

For example :
a. I ate breakfast this morning.
b. Sue took a taxi to the airport yesterday.

d. The simple past forms of be are was and were.

For example :
a. I was busy yesterday.
b. They were at home last night.

2. Forms of the Simple Past: regular Verbs

STATEMENT

I-You-She-He-It-We-They worked yesterday.

NEGATIVE

I-You-She-He-It-We-They did not (didn't) work yesterday.

QUESTION

Did

SHORT
ANSWER

I-You-She-He-It-We-They work yesterday?

Yes, I-You-She-He-It-We-They did.

No, I-You-She-He-It-We-They didn't.

3. Forms of The Simple Past: be

STATEMENT

I-She-He-It was in class yesterday.

You-We-They were in class yesterday.

NEGATIVE

I-She-He-It was not (wasn't) in class yesterday.

You-We-They were not (weren't) in class yesterday.

QUESTION

Was I-She-He-It in class yesterday?

Were You-We-They in class yesterday?

SHORT
ANSWER

Yes, I-She-He-It was.

No,

I-She-He-It wasn't.

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Yes, You-We-They were.

No, You-We-They weren't.

EXERCISE 1. Present and past time: statements and negatives.

Directions: All of the following sentences have inaccurate information. Correct them by
(a) Making a negative statement, and
(b) Making an affirmative statement with accurate information.
1. Thomas Edison invented the telephone.
Answer:

(a) Thomas Edison didnt invent the telephone.

(b) Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone.

2. You live in a tree.

3. You took a taxi to school today.
4. Youre sitting on a soft, comfortable sofa.
5. Our teacher wrote Romeo and Juliet.
6. Our teachers name is William Shakespeare.
7. You were on a cruise ship in the Mediterranean
Sea yesterday.
8. Rocks float and wood sinks.
9. The teachers flew into the classroom today.
10. Spiders have six legs.

EXERCISE 2. Present and past time: statements and negatives.

Directions: Correct the inaccurate statements by using negative then affirmative sentences.
Some verbs are past, and some are present. Work as a class (with the teacher as
Speaker A) or in pairs. Only Speaker As book is open.
Example: ()* left the classroom ten minutes ago.
SPEAKER A (book open):

Rosa left the classroom ten minutes ago.

SPEAKER B (book closed): No, thats not true. Rosa didnt leave the classroom.
Rosa is still here. Shes sitting next to Kim.
1. You got up at 4:30 this morning.
2. () is standing in the corner of the classroom.
3. () stands in a corner of the classroom during class each day.

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4. () stood in a corner during class yesterday.

5. This book has a green cover.
6. Shakespeare wrote novels.
7. A river flows from the bottom of a valley to the top of a mountain.
8. We cook food in a refrigerator.
(Switch roles if working in pairs.)
9. () taught this class yesterday.
10. Butterflies have ten legs.
11. This Morning, you drove to school in a (name of a kind of car).
12. (. . .) takes a helicopter to get to school every day.
13. You speak (French and Arabic)
14. This room has (supply an incorrect number) windows.
15. (. . .) and you studied together at the library last night.
16. (. . .) went to (an impossible place) yesterday.

EXERCISE 3. Present and past time: statements and negatives.

Directions: Work in pairs.
Speaker A: Your book is open. Complete each sentence to make an INACCURATE
statement.
Speaker B: Your book is closed. Correct Speaker A's statement, first by using a negative
sentence and then by giving correct information.
Example: . . . has/have tails.
SPEAKER A (book open):

People have tails.

SPEAKER B (book closed): No, people don't have tails. Dogs have tails. Cats have tails.
Birds have tails. But people don't have tails.
1. . . . is/are blue.
2. You ate . . . for breakfast this morning.
3. Automobiles have . . . .
4. You. . . last night.
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5. . . . sat next to you in class yesterday.

6. . . . is from Russia. He / She speaks Russian.
7. . . . is talking to . . . right now.
8. . . . was late for class today.
Switch roles.
9. . . . left class early yesterday.
10. . . . has/have six legs.
11. . . . . was singing a song when the teacher walked into the room today.
12. . . . wore a black suit to class yesterday.
13. . . . is/are watching a video right now.
14. You . . . last weekend.
15. People . . . in ancient times.
3.2.2 Uraian

Regular Verbs : pronunciation of- ed endings

a. Final ed is pronounced / t / after voiceless sounds. You make a voiceless sound by

pushing air though your mouth. No sound comes from your throat. Examples of voiceless
sounds: /k/, /p/, /s/, /ch/, /sh/.

For example :
a. Talked = talk/t/
b. Stopped = stop/t/
c. Hissed = hiss/t/
d. Watched = watch/t/

b. Final ed is pronounced / d / after voiced sounds. You make a voiced sound from your
throat. Your voice box vibrates. Examples of voiced sounds: /l/, /n/, /v/, /b/, and all vowel
sounds.

For example :
a. Called = call/d/
b. Rained = rain/d/
c. Lived = live/d/

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d. Robbed = robb/d/
c. Final ed is pronounced /d/ after t and d sounds. /d/ adds syllable to a word.

For example :
a. Waited = wait/d/
b. Needed = need/d/

EXERCISE 4. Pronunciation of ED endings. (Chart 2-4)

Directions: Write the pronunciation then practice saying these words. Use them in sentences.
11. worked

1. answered
6. finished

2. arrived

12. invited

7. fixed

3. continued

13. suggested

8. helped

4. ended

14. smelled

9. looked

5. explained

15. Crossed

10. planned

3.3 Penutup
3.3.1 Rangkuman
A. Expressing Past Time: The Simple Past
1 The simple past is used to talk about activities or situations that began and
ended in the past (e.g., yesterday, last night, two days ago).
2 Most simple past verbs are formed by adding -ed to a verb.
3

Some verbs have irregular past forms.

B. Forms of The Simple Past: regular verbs

1.

I-You-She-He-It-We-They worked yesterday.

2.

I-You-She-He-It-We-They did not (didn't) work yesterday.

3.

Did

4.

More and most are used with adverbs that end in ly.

I-You-She-He-It-We-They work yesterday?

C. Forms of The Simple Past: be

1.

I-She-He-It was in class yesterday , You-We-They were in class yesterday.

2.

I-She-He-It was not (wasn't) in class yesterday, You-We-They were not

(weren't) in class yesterday.

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3.

Was

I-She-He-It in class yesterday?, Were You-We-They in class

yesterday?

3.3.2 TES FORMATIF

A. Review of present verbs and preview of past verbs.
Directions: Determine the Italicized verbs. Do they express present time or past time? Do the
verbs describe an activity or situation that
a. Is in progress right now?
b. Is usual or is a general statement of fact?
c. Began and ended in the past?
d. Was in progress at a time in the past?

1. Jennifer works for insurance

company.
2. When people need help with their
automobile insurance, they call her.
3. Right now it is 09.05 A.M., Jennifer is
sitting at her desk.
4. She came to work on time this
morning.
5. Yesterday Jennifer was late to work
because she had a minor auto accident.
6. While she was driving to work, her cell phone rang.
7. She answered it. It was her friend Rob.
8. She was happy to hear from him because she likes Rob a lot and always enjoy her
conversation with him.
9. While they were talking, Jennifer, who is allergic to bee stings, noticed two bees in
her car.
10. She quickly opened the car windows and swatted the bees while she was talking to
Rob on the phone.

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11. Her hands left the steering wheel, and she lost control of the car. Her car ran into a
row of mailboxes beside the road and stopped.
12. Fortunately, no one was hurt in the accident.
13. Jennifer is okay, but her car isnt. It needs repairs.
14. When Jennifer got to work this morning, she talked to her own automobile insurance
agent.
15. That was easy to do because he works at the desk right next hers.

B. Pronounciations of -ED endings.

Directions: Write the correct pronunciations and practice saying the words aloud.
1. Cooked = cook/ /

13. Waved = wave/ /

2. Served= serve/ /

14. Pointed = point/ /

3. Wanted = want/ /

15. Agreed = agree/ /

4. Asked = ask/ /
5. Started = start/ /
6. Dropped = drop/ /
7. Pulled = pull/ /
8. Pushed = push/ /
9. Added = add/ /
10. Passed = pass/ /
11. Returned = return/ /
12. Touched = touch/ /
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3.3.3 Umpan balik

Score = Jumlah jawaban benar x 100/30.
3.3.4 Tindak lanjut
Jika score anda kurang dari 80 maka ulangi lagi memahami rangkuman, kerjakan semua
latihan, dan test formatif.

3.4 Referensi
Betty Schrampfer Azar, Fundamentals of English Grammar 3rd Edition, Longman, 2003.
Chapter 2. Unit 2.1 2.4. Page 25-28.

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