HANOI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

VIN C KH

------

THESIS
RESEARCH, CALCULATE AND
DESIGN AUDI R8
Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Nguyn Mnh Cng
Author:

Nguyn Hu Bin - 20100

Tt Thnh - 20100632

Class:

MEC Advanced Program K55

Hanoi, March 2015

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REQUIREMENTS FOR THE THESIS

-

Searching finite element method

Builiding car model on Solidwork software
Simulating automobile crash using Ansys software

SCIENCE MEANINGS OF THESIS

-

Research and develop SolidWork software application for creating 3D objects

Calculate the strength, deformation some components of automobile
This thesis has a great practical significance (air flow surrounding automobiles,
stress-strain in the automotive crankshaft..), then research other specific parts
and manufacture car completely.

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Contents
HANOI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY.................................1
VIN C KH.........................................................................................................1
Supervisor:............................................................................................................... 1
Assoc. Prof. Nguyn Mnh Cng.........................................................................1
Author:..................................................................................................................... 1
Nguyn Hu Bin - 20100.......................................................................................1
Tt Thnh - 20100632........................................................................................1
Class:........................................................................................................................1
MEC Advanced Program K55..........................................................................1

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ABSTRACT
Today, Vietnam is developing quickly and changing step by step. In near future,
Vietnam will become a developed industrial country. So, industry is a main sector for
developing country. To serve for the economic development in the direction of
industrialization and modernization, the main sectors and industries that create benefit
will develop unlimited. Manufacture automobile is one of these industries. The
research and calculation to give the simple and reasonable design based on the best
tools and highly applicable such as AutoCAD , SolidWorks which has brought good
results , support directly to the ongoing development of the automobile manufacturing
industry of the world in general and Vietnam in particular.

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CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Reasons for choosing topic
During the renovation period, our country has policy to build a foundation of
industrialization and modernization of the country. Therein, the automotive industry is
developed firstly. But today the industry automobile manufacturing is
underdeveloped. The automotive products in the country is mainly assembled from
components that imported from abroad. To produce mass cars, firstly we need to study
in detail, technical precision, technology working principle of detailed components,
then proceed to study the working principles of the statics and dynamics of cars. Our
country does not have an overall computational studies on this issue. Therefore, the
topic RESEARCH, CALCULATE AND DESIGN AUDI R8 was offered with
specific goals to make a reasonable design for automotive.
The topic can solve following terms:
- Apply SolidWork in building 3D automotive model
- Research Ansys software to simulate deformation
1.2 Application in VietNam
This topic brings not only great senses with studying but also in practical sense. It
gives basic views about studying, calculating and designing automobiles. Based on
these specific studies, we will avoid the mistakes, errors when we put them into
production
1.3 Necessary Method in Calculation of Automobile
1.3.1 Finite Element Method
a. Introduction
In mathematics, the finite element method (FEM) is a numerical technique for
finding approximate solutions to boundary value problems for partial differential
equations. It uses subdivision of a whole problem domain into simpler parts, called
finite elements, and variational methods from the calculus of variations to solve the
problem by minimizing an associated error function. Analogous to the idea that
connecting many tiny straight lines can approximate a larger circle, FEM encompasses
methods for connecting many simple element equations over many small subdomains,
named finite elements, to approximate a more complex equation over a larger domain.
b. Basic concept
The subdivision of a whole domain into simpler parts has several advantages:
Accurate representation of complex geometry
Inclusion of dissimilar material properties
Easy representation of the total solution

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Capture of local effects.

A typical work out of the method involves (1) dividing the domain of the problem
into a collection of subdomains, with each subdomain represented by a set of element
equations to the original problem, followed by (2) systematically recombining all sets
of element equations into a global system of equations for the final calculation. The
global system of equations has known solution techniques, and can be calculated from
the initial values of the original problem to obtain a numerical answer.
In the first step above, the element equations are simple equations that locally
approximate the original complex equations to be studied, where the original
equations are often partial differential equations (PDE). To explain the approximation
in this process, FEM is commonly introduced as a special case of Galerkin method.
The process, in mathematical language, is to construct an integral of the inner
product of the residual and the weight functions and set the integral to zero. In simple
terms, it is a procedure that minimizes the error of approximation by fitting trial
functions into the PDE. The residual is the error caused by the trial functions, and the
weight functions are polynomial approximation functions that project the residual.
The process eliminates all the spatial derivatives from the PDE, thus approximating
the PDE locally with

A set of algebraic equations for steady state problems

A set of ordinary differential equations for transient problems.

These equation sets are the element equations. They are linear if the underlying PDE
is linear, and vice versa. Algebraic equation sets that arise in the steady state problems
are solved using numerical linear algebra methods, while ordinary differential
equation sets that arise in the transient problems are solved by numerical integration
using standard techniques such as Euler's method or the Runge-Kutta method.
In step (2) above, a global system of equations is generated from the element
equations through a transformation of coordinates from the subdomains' local nodes to
the domain's global nodes. This spatial transformation includes appropriate orientation
adjustments as applied in relation to the reference coordinate system. The process is
often carried out by FEM software using coordinate data generated from the
subdomains.
FEM is best understood from its practical application, known as finite element
analysis (FEA). FEA as applied in engineering is a computational tool for
performing engineering analysis. It includes the use of mesh generation techniques for
dividing a complex problem into small elements, as well as the use
of software program coded with FEM algorithm. In applying FEA, the complex
problem is usually a physical system with the underlying physics such as the EulerBernoulli beam equation, the heat equation, or the Navier-Stokes equations expressed

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in either PDE or integral equations, while the divided small elements of the complex
problem represent different areas in the physical system.
FEA is a good choice for analyzing problems over complicated domains (like cars
and oil pipelines), when the domain changes (as during a solid state reaction with a
moving boundary), when the desired precision varies over the entire domain, or when
the solution lacks smoothness. For instance, in a frontal crash simulation it is possible
to increase prediction accuracy in "important" areas like the front of the car and
reduce it in its rear (thus reducing cost of the simulation). Another example would be
in numerical weather prediction, where it is more important to have accurate
predictions over developing highly nonlinear phenomena (such as tropical cyclones in
the atmosphere, or eddies in the ocean) rather than relatively calm areas.
c. Classication of Mechanical Elements
Primitive Structural Elements
These resemble fabricated structural components. The qualier primitive distinguishes
them from macroelements, which is another element class described below. Primitive
means that they are not decomposable into simpler elements. These elements are
usually derived from Mechanics-of-Materials simplied theories and are better
understood from a physical, rather than mathematical, standpoint. Examples are the
elements: bars, cables, beams, shafts, spars.

Fig 1.1: Structural elements

Continuum Elements
These do not resemble fabricated structural components at all. They result from the
subdivision of blobs of continua, or of structural components viewed as
continua. Unlike structural elements, continuum elements are better understood in
terms of their mathematical interpretation. Examples: plates, slices, shells,
axisymmetric solids, general solids.

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Figure 1.2: Continuum element

Special Elements
Special elements partake of the characteristics of structural and continuum
elements. They are derived from a continuum mechanics standpoint but include
features closely related to the physics of the problem. Examples: crack elements
for fracture mechanics applications, shear panels, innite and semi-innite
elements, contact and penalty elements, rigid-body elements.

Figure 1.3: Special element

Macroelements are also called mesh units and super elements, although the latter
term overlaps with substructures (dened below). These often resemble structural
components, but are fabricated with simpler elements. The main reason for
introducing macroelements is to simplify preprocessing tasks. For example, it may
be simpler to dene a regular 2D mesh using quadrilaterals rather than triangles.
The fact that, behind the scene, the quadrilateral is actually a macroelement may
not be important to most users. Similarly a box macroelement can save modeling
times for structures that are built by such components; for example box-girder
bridges

Figure 1.4: Macroelement

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d. Flow Chart for Finite Element Analysis

Typically a complete finite element analysis flow chart should have the steps:

Create 3D CAD Model: Use any of the 3D CAD modeling tools like ProE, Catia,
and solid Edge etc. for creating the 3D geometry of the part/assembly of which
want to perform FEA.

Clean Up the 3D CAD Model: Some features of the 3D CAD geometry may not
be that important for the FEA but increase the complexity of meshing drastically.

Save the 3D CAD Geometry in Neutral Format: Save the 3D CAD geometry
in neutral format like IGES, STEP etc. Though some of the FEA packages allow
importing the CAD geometry directly from some of the 3D CAD packages. For
example, the ProE geometry can be directly imported to Ansys.

Importing 3D CAD geometry to FEA Package: Start the FEA package and
import the CAD geometry into the FEA package.

Meshing: Meshing is a critical operation in FEA. In this operation, the CAD

geometry is divided into large numbers of small pieces. The small pieces are called
mesh. The analysis accuracy and duration depends on the mesh size and
orientations. With the increase in mesh size, the finite element analysis speed
increase but the accuracy decrease.

Solve: In this step the FEA package must solve the problem for the defined
material properties, boundary conditions and mesh size.
Post Processing: View the results of the solution in this step. The result can be
viewed in various formats: graph, value, animation etc.

Fig 1.5 Typical Flow Chart For FEA Analysis

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1.3.2 Research stress material calculation on SolidWork Simulation

a- Finite Element Analysis
Efficiently optimize and validate each design step using fast-solving, CAD
integrated SOLIDWORKS Simulation to ensure quality, performance, and safety.
Tightly integrated with SOLIDWORKS CAD, SOLIDWORKS Simulation
solutions and capabilities can be a regular part of your design processreducing the
need for costly prototypes, eliminating rework and delays, and saving time and
development costs.
SOLIDWORKS Simulation uses the displacement formulation of the finite element
method to calculate component displacements, strains, and stresses under internal and
external loads. The geometry under analysis is discretized using tetrahedral (3D),
triangular (2D), and beam elements, and solved by either a direct sparse or iterative
solver. SOLIDWORKS Simulation also offers the 2D simplification assumption for
plane stress, plane strain, extruded, or axisymmetric options. SOLIDWORKS
Simulation can use either an h or p adaptive element type, providing a great advantage
to designers and engineers as the adaptive method ensures that the solution has
converged.
For shell meshing, SOLIDWORKS Simulation offers a productive tool, called the
Shell Manager, to manage multiple shell definitions of your part or assembly
document. It improves the workflow for organizing shells according to type,
thickness, or material, and allows for a better visualization and verification of shell
properties.
Integrated with SOLIDWORKS 3D CAD, finite element analysis using
SOLIDWORKS Simulation knows the exact geometry during the meshing process.
And the more accurately the mesh matches the product geometry, the more accurate
the analysis results will be.
Since the majority of industrial components are made of metal, most FEA
calculations involve metallic components. The analysis of metal components can be
carried out by either linear or nonlinear stress analysis. Which analysis approach you
use depends upon how far you want to push the design:
If you want to ensure the geometry remains in the linear elastic range (that is, once
the load is removed, the component returns to its original shape), then linear stress
analysis may be applied, as long as the rotations and displacements are small relative
to the geometry. For such an analysis, factor of safety (FoS) is a common design goal.
Evaluating the effects of post-yield load cycling on the geometry, a nonlinear stress
analysis should be carried out. In this case, the impact of strain hardening on the
residual stresses and permanent set (deformation) is of most interest.

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The analysis of nonmetallic components (such as, plastic or rubber parts) should be
carried out using nonlinear stress analysis methods, due to their complex load
deformation relationship. SOLIDWORKS Simulation uses FEA methods to calculate
the displacements and stresses in your product due to operational loads such as:
Forces
Pressures
Accelerations
Temperatures
Contact between components
Loads can be imported from thermal, flow, and motion Simulation studies to perform
multiphysics analysis.

Figure : Pressure vessel stress analysis

Mesh definition
SOLIDWORKS Simulation offers the capability to mesh the CAD geometry in
tetrahedral (1st and 2nd order), triangular (1st and 2nd order), beam, and truss
elements. The mesh can consist of one type of elements or multiple for mixed mesh.
Solid elements are naturally suitable for bulky models. Shell elements are naturally
suitable for modeling thin parts (such as sheet metals), and beams and trusses are
suitable for modeling structural members.
As SOLIDWORKS Simulation is tightly integrated inside SOLIDWORKS 3D CAD,
the topology of the geometry is used for mesh type:
Shell mesh is automatically generated for sheet metal model and surface bodies

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Beam elements are automatically defined for structural members

So their properties are seamlessly leveraged for FEA. To improve the accuracy of
results in a given region, the user can define Local Mesh control for vertices, points,
edges, faces, and components. SOLIDWORKS Simulation uses two important checks
to measure the quality of elements in a mesh: Aspect Ratio Check, Jacobian Points
In case of mesh generation failure, SOLIDWORKS Simulation guides the users with a
failure diagnostics tool to locate and resolve meshing problems. The Mesh Failure
Diagnostic tool renders failed parts in shaded display mode in the graphics area.
b- Linear Stress Analysis
Linear stress analysis with SOLIDWORKS Simulation enables designers and
engineers to quickly and efficiently validate quality, performance, and safetyall
while creating their design. Tightly integrated with SOLIDWORKS CAD, linear stress
analysis using SOLIDWORKS Simulation can be a regular part of your design
process, reducing the need for costly prototypes, eliminating rework and delays, and
saving time and development costs.
Linear Stress Analysis Overview
Linear stress analysis calculates the stresses and deformations of geometry given three
basic assumptions:
1.

The part or assembly under load deforms with small rotations and
displacements

2.

The product loading is static (ignores inertia) and constant over time

3.

The material has a constant stress strain relationship (Hookes law)

Fig : Engine Stand Statics Results

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In order to carry out stress analysis, component material data must be known.
The standard SOLIDWORKS CAD material database is pre-populated with
materials that can be used by SOLIDWORKS Simulation, and the database
is easily customizable to include your particular material requirements.
c- Nonlinear Analysis
Nonlinear stress analysis with SOLIDWORKS Simulation enables designers and
engineers to quickly and efficiently analyze stresses and deformations under general
conditions while they are creating their design to ensure high quality, performance,
and safety.
Tightly integrated with SOLIDWORKS CAD, nonlinear stress analysis using
SOLIDWORKS Simulation can be a regular part of your design process. You can use
the Simulation results to validate your part or assembly while you are designing,
reducing the need for costly prototypes, eliminating rework and delays, and saving
time and development costs.
Nonlinear stress analysis calculates the stresses and deformations of products under
the most general loading and material conditions for:
1. Dynamic (time dependent) loads
2. Large component deformations
3. Nonlinear materials, such as rubber or metals, beyond their yield point
Nonlinear analysis is a more complex approach, but results in a more accurate
solution thanlinear analysis, if the basic assumptions of a linear analysis are violated.
If the linear analysis assumptions are not violated, then the results of a linear and
nonlinear analysis will be the same.
The time component when carrying out a nonlinear analysis is important, both in
controlling the loading (individual load components can be active at different times)
and in capturing the response to an impulse load of impact. SOLIDWORKS
Simulation provides either an automatic or a manual time control method with a force,
displacement, or arc length convergence control. You get power and flexibility to
solve challenging and complex simulation problems simply in a straightforward
manner.
SOLIDWORKS Simulation uses finite element analysis (FEA) methods to discretize
design components into solid, shell, or beam elements and uses nonlinear stress
analysis to determine the response of parts and assemblies due to the effect of: Forces,
Pressures, Accelerations, Temperatures, Contact between components

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Loads can be imported from thermal and motion Simulation studies to perform
multiphysics analysis. In order to carry out stress analysis, component material data
must be known. The standard SOLIDWORKS CAD material database is prepopulated with materials that can be used by SOLIDWORKS Simulation, and the
database is easily customizable to include your particular material requirements.
While the Nonlinear Analysis is solving, you can visualize intermediate results. By
getting visual feedback of the results as the solution progresses, you can make
decisions to either stop the simulation and make adjustments to the input, or let the
solver proceed with the current settings.
d- Structural Analysis
CAD-embedded SOLIDWORKS Simulation enables every designer and engineer to
carry out structural simulation on parts and assemblies with finite element analysis
(FEA) while they work to improve and validate performance and reduce the need for
costly prototypes or design changes later on.
Structural simulation covers a wide range of FEA problemsfrom the performance
of a part under a constant load to the stress analysis of a moving assembly under
dynamic loading, all of which can be determined using SOLIDWORKS Simulation
tools. Designers and engineers primarily use structural simulation to determine the
strength and stiffness of a product by reporting component stress and deformations.
The type of structural analysis you perform depends on the product being tested, the
nature of the loads, and the expected failure mode:
A short/stocky structure will most likely fail due to material failure (that is, the
yield stress is exceeded).
A long slender structure will fail due to structural instability (geometric
buckling).
With time dependent loads, the structure will require some form of dynamic
analysis to analyze component strength.

The component material you use can also influence which type of analysis you
perform: Metallic components, under moderate loads, generally require some
form of linear analysis, where the material has a linear relationship between the
part deformation and the applied load below the materials yield point

Rubber and plastics require a nonlinear analysis, as elastomers have a nonlinear

relationship between the part deformation and the applied load. This is also the
case for metals beyond their yield point.

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CHAPTER 2: MODELING AUTOMOBILE

2.1 Searching about software
2.1.1 Overview of SolidWork
SolidWorks software is widely known for its popularity and is one of the specialized
software for 3D design which is released by Dassault System for small and medium
enterprises and satisfied most of the needs mechanical design today . Solidworks was
popuar in1998 version and was introduced into our country in 2003, and in the 2015
version, this software was developed massive library of mechanical and it is not only
for mechanical enterprises but also for other industries such as pipelines ,
architecture , interior decoration , art ...
a- 3D Design
SolidWorks uses a 3D design approach. After design a part, from the initial sketch to
the final result, create a 3D model. From this model, creating 2D drawings or mate
components consisting of parts or subassemblies to create 3D assemblies. When
designing a model using SolidWorks, visualizing it in three dimensions, the way the
model exists once it is manufactured.

Figure 2.1: SolidWorks 2D drawing generated from 3D model

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Component Based
One of the most powerful features in the SolidWorks application is making to a part is
reflected in all associated drawings or assemblies.

Fig 2.2: Component Bases

Terminology
These terms appear throughout the SolidWorks software and documentation.
Origin Appears as two blue arrows and represents the (0,0,0) coordinate of the model.
When a sketch is active, a sketch origin appears in red and represents the (0,0,0)
coordinate of the sketch. Add dimensions and relations to a model origin, but not to a
sketch origin.
Plane Flat construction geometry. Use planes for adding a 2D sketch, section view of
a model, or a neutral plane in a draft feature, for example.
Axis Straight line used to create model geometry, features, or patterns. Create an axis
in different ways, including intersecting two planes. The SolidWorks application
creates temporary axes implicitly for every conical or cylindrical face in a model.
Face Boundaries that help define the shape of a model or a surface. A face is a
selectable area (planar or nonplanar) of a model or surface. For example, a rectangular
solid has six faces.
Edge Location where two or more faces intersect and are joined together . Selecting
edges for sketching and dimensioning, for example.
Vertex Point at which two or more lines or edges intersect. Selecting vertices for
sketching and dimensioning, for example.

Fig 2.3: Terminology term

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b- Sketches
The sketch is the basis for most 3D models. Creating a model usually begins with a
sketch, then create features; combine one or more features to make a part. Then,
combine and mate the appropriate parts to create an assembly. A sketch is a 2D profile
or cross section. To create a 2D sketch, Use a plane or a planar face. In addition to 2D
sketches, create 3D sketches that include a Z axis, as well as the X and Y axes. There
are various ways of creating a sketch. All sketches include the following elements:
Origin: In many instances, start the sketch at the origin, which provides an anchor for
the sketch. The sketch on the right also includes a centerline. The centerline is
sketched through the origin and is used to create the revolve.

Fig 2.4: Origin

Planes: Sketch on planes with sketch tools such as the Line or Rectangle tool and
create a section view of a model. On some models, the plane which sketched on
affects only the way the model appears in a standard isometric view (3D). It does not
affect the design intent. With other models, selecting the correct initial plane on which
to sketch helps creating a more efficient model. Choose a plane on which to sketch.
The standard planes are front, top, and right orientations.

Fig 2.5: Plane

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Dimensions:
+ Driving Dimensions: Driving dimensions change the size of the model when change
their values

Fig 2.6: Driving dimension

+ Driven Dimensions: Some dimensions associated with the model are driven. The
value of driven dimensions changes when modify driving dimensions or relations in
the model.

Fig 2.7: Driven Dimension

Features:
Create a 3D model using features such as an extrude (the base of the faucet) or a
revolve (the faucet handle).

Fig 2.8: 3D Model using feature extrude

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Some sketch-based features are shapes such as bosses, cuts, and holes. Other sketchbased features such as lofts and sweeps use a profile along a path. Another type of
feature is called an applied feature, which does not require a sketch. Applied features
include fillets, chamfers, or shells. They are called applied because they are applied
to existing geometry using dimensions and other characteristics to create the feature.
c- Assembly
An assembly is a collection of related parts saved in one SolidWorks document file
with a .sldasm extension.
Assemblies:
Contain anywhere from two to over one thousand components, which can be parts or
other assemblies called subassemblies
Display movement between related parts within their degrees of freedom
The components in an assembly are defined in relation to each other using assembly
mates. Attach the assembly components using various types of mates such as
coincident, concentric, and distance mates. For example, the faucet handle
components are mated to the faucet base component using concentric and coincident
mates. The mated components create the spigot subassembly. Later , include this
subassembly in the main vanity assembly, mating it to the other components in the
vanity assembly.

Fig 2.9 Supply pipes in assembly

d- Drawing
Drawings are 2D documents that convey a design to manufacturing. Within a drawing
document are drawing sheets that contain drawing views. The drawing sheets have
underlying formats.
Drawing templates and sheet formats are two distinct entities. The software comes
with one drawing template and a set of sheet formats (in English and metric). When
beginning a new drawing using the default drawing template, the size of the drawing
is undefined. The software prompts you to select a sheet format. The sheet format
controls:
Size of the drawing sheet
Drawing borders
Title block
Sheet scale

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Figure 2.10: Sheet format of 2D drawing

2.1.2 Overview of Pro/ENGINEER
Pro/ENGINEER is a computer graphics system for modeling various mechanical
designs and for performing related design and manufacturing operations. The system
uses a 3D solid modeling system as the The system uses a 3D solid modeling system
as the core, and applies the feature-based, parametric modeling method. In short,
Pro/ENGINEER is a feature-based, parametric solid modeling system with many
extended design and manufacturing applications.
The basic functionality of Pro/ENGINEER is broken into four major areas:
Part Modeling and Design
Assembly Modeling and Design
Design Documentation (Drawing Generation)
General Functionality
The core of Pro/ENGINEER is the feature-based, parametric solid modeling system
for modeling mechanical parts. The part model created by this system can be used to
form mechanical assemblies and to produce engineering drawings. The model can also
be used to carry out many other related analysis, simulation, planning and
manufacturing activities such as the generation of CNC tool paths and activities such
as the generation of CNC tool paths and Bills of Material. These extended functions
are reflected by the following example Pro/ENGINEER modes:
Sketcher: Define the 2D cross-section (or section) of an object model for sweeping.
Part: Create the solid model of a part.

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Figure :Antena tip in Sketcher and 3D Mode

Assembly: Form the solid model of an assembly of multiple components.

Figure : Assembly in an exploded view

Drawing: Produce engineering drawings of parts and assemblies created in
Pro/ENGINEER. These drawings are fully associative with the 3D solid model. When
a dimension in the drawing is changed the dimension of the associated 3D model(s)
will be automatically updated, and vice versa.

Figure : Dimesioned drawing views of the antenna tip

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2.1.3 Overview of CATIA

Catia (Computer Aided Three-dimensional Interactive Application) is a multiplatform CAD/CAM/CAE commercial software suite developed by the French
company Dassault Systems directed by Bernard Charls. Written in the C+
+ programming language, CATIA is the cornerstone of the Dassault Systems software
suite.
Commonly referred to as a 3D Product Lifecycle Management software suite,
CATIA supports multiple stages of product development (CAx), including
conceptualization, design (CAD), engineering (CAE) and manufacturing (CAM).
CATIA facilitates collaborative engineering across disciplines around its
3DEXPERIENCE platform, including surfacing & shape design, electrical fluid &
electronics systems design, mechanical engineering and systems engineering.
CATIA facilitates the design of electronic, electrical, and distributed systems such as
fluid and HVAC systems, all the way to the production of documentation for
manufacturing.
Mechanical engineering
CATIA Mechanical Design Enginering provides users with world-class tools to design
simple to highly complex products. It expands 3D design to user communities outside
of the design office, addressing each profile with the right tools. This covers a wide
range of operations such as part design, parts positioning, automated mechanisms
design, live kinematics simulation, cast and forged parts, assembly drawing
generation, photorealistic images creation, etc.
From chalking out an idea in 3D at the click of a mouse to process-oriented tasks, you
can benefit from all the CATIA modeler capabilities including direct 3D conceptual
sketching out, geometrical surfaces handling, feature based design and history-free
functional modeling. The 3DExperience Platform enables multiple users to work
concurrently on the same assembly and to share and trade modifications at the object
level, offering a truly concurrent design.
Moreover, the effective management of inter-part relations yields robust relational
design and automates the design process. Finally, CATIA Mechanical Engineering
provides advanced capabilities for Casting or Forging preparation to improve
productivity in the detailed design of the rough part. This insures manufacturability,
and provides highly usable advanced functionalities dedicated to the Casting and
Forging

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Figure: Catia 3D
Design
CATIA Design talks directly to the heart. Successful products are usually those with
designs which elicit positive emotional responses from their consumers.
Creative designers must be equipped with software tools that enable them to
easily craft and adjust the product's emotional content through their designs.
They must achieve this while collaborating with the engineering department to
ensure proper coverage of the products functional scope.
CATIA Design products and solutions cover the entire shape design, styling and
surfacing workflow, from industrial design to Class A. Our intuitive and easy to
use shape design tools give everyone involved in the product design process,
from industrial designers, Class A modelers to Aero Lofting engineers, a real
freedom to design any kind of complex shape. Advanced functionalities include
reverse engineering, Class-A surfacing, rapid propagation of design changes,
powerful real-time diagnostic tools and high-end visualization. CATIA enables
creative designers, design studios and engineering departments to work
collaboratively in optimizing their products for aesthetic and engineering
purposes.
Systems Engineering
The CATIA Systems Engineering solution delivers a unique open and extensible
systems engineering development platform that fully integrates the cross-discipline
modeling, simulation, verification and business process support needed for developing
complex cyber-physical products. It enables organizations to evaluate requests for
changes or develop new products or system variants utilizing a unified performance
based systems engineering approach. The solution addresses the Model Based
Systems Engineering (MBSE) needs of users developing todays smart products and
systems and comprises the following elements: Requirements Engineering, Systems
Architecture Modeling, Systems Behavior Modeling & Simulation, Configuration
Management & Lifecycle Traceability, Automotive Embedded Systems Development
(AUTOSAR Builder) and Industrial Automation Systems Development (Control
Build).

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Supervisor:Assoc.Prof.Nguyn Mnh Cng

CATIA uses the open Modelica language in both CATIA Dynamic Behavior Modeling
and Dymola, to quickly and easily model and simulate the behavior of complex
systems that span multiple engineering disciplines. CATIA & Dymola are further
extended by through the availability of a number of industry and domain
specific Modelica libraries that enable user to model and simulate a wide range of
complex systems ranging from automotive vehicle dynamics through to aircraft
flight dynamics.
Electrical systems
The electrical systems design solution from Dassault Systmes provides a powerful
integrated environment that enables collaborative design of electrical systems in the
context of a 3D virtual product.
The solution is based on Requirement, Functional, Logical and Physical (RFLP)
systems decomposition approach that enables full traceability of information from
initial systems requirement to the final product implementation. Knowledge
management capabilities facilitate automated checks of the electrical systems design
against predefined compliance rules and standards.
The solution enables efficient concurrent design engineering of mechatronic systems
so that engineers from multiple disciplines such as mechanical, electrical and systems
engineering can work collaboratively to optimize the electrical systems design.

Figure : Catia Electrical System

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Supervisor:Assoc.Prof.Nguyn Mnh Cng

Fluid systems
The fluid systems design solution from Dassault Systmes provides advanced
process-driven authoring and editing capabilities that improve productivity and quality
fluid system designs. It provides the ability to author and edit logical piping, tubing &
HVAC systems with the data definition of these systems being used to drive the detail
design process.
The fluid systems design solution provides powerful 2D & 3D capabilities to create,
modify, analyze, and document fluid system designs. It delivers a complete and
unified definition of fluid systems, for all industries, that integrates company knowhow and manages the application of standards and specifications.
The Dassault Systmes 3DEXPERIENCE Platform delivers advanced collaborative
data management capabilities that empowers users to manage their systems all the
way from functional design down to detailed design.

Figure : Catia Fluid Systems

Graduate Practice Report

Supervisor:Assoc.Prof.Nguyn Mnh Cng

2.2 Simulation Result

2.2.1 Parameter actual size of car
- Firstly, we need to sketch out car images and parameter of its. Below is the size
of audi R8:
-

Length: 4435 mm

Spread: 2029 mm

Height: 1250 mm

2.2.2 Design model

a) Insert images into SolidWork

We need to have a side, front, back and top view of product images. After insert
images, we set basic parameter such as length, spread, height into images. Then click
OK

Graduate Practice Report

Supervisor:Assoc.Prof.Nguyn Mnh Cng

Do the same things with 3 projections of automobile. Notice the correlation between
projections
b) Create the curved surface of car tire

Using 2D sketch to draw each profile LOFT by SPLINE of specific surfaces

Graduate Practice Report

Supervisor:Assoc.Prof.Nguyn Mnh Cng

Do the same with other profiles, then we have closed profile and use this to create
profile tires

Now, with 2 sketches, then make the first projected curve. Choosing Projected Curve.
Choose 2 sketches then click OK.

Graduate Practice Report

Supervisor:Assoc.Prof.Nguyn Mnh Cng

Using surface-swing function with curves to create surface

Using surface-trim to remove unnecessary part

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Supervisor:Assoc.Prof.Nguyn Mnh Cng

Do the same with other surfaces, then use knit-surface to connect 2 surfaces together

Make the roof surface of automobile. This section is very important because it affects
the aerodynamic shape of car. The roof has generally the shape as water drop to reduc
maximum resistance coefficient of car

Graduate Practice Report

Supervisor:Assoc.Prof.Nguyn Mnh Cng

After draw all surfaces, we use knit-surface again to connect them into one block. So,
we have half tire of car.

Then using thicken surface to create thickness; in this audi R8 case, we choose
thickness is 10 mm

Graduate Practice Report

Supervisor:Assoc.Prof.Nguyn Mnh Cng

Finally, we take the symmetric through function mirror feature and have completely
model