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Cainglet
Nitropglycerine!
Aspirin
Tila INFANT kung maglaro
Solitary lagi, Stranger anxiety
Weaning 6 months
HYPOGLYCEMIA
Aspiration risk precaution
TIRED!!!!
On TODDLERHOOD naman
Nega at Tantrums ginagawa
Separation PRODESDEN
May physio-logic anorexia pa
Push pull toys like tarak tarak
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
First dental visit ay 2 and a half
Risk for poisoning problema jan
PRESCHOOL naman ay PHALLIC
Associative Play lagi ang gimik
Common fear is mutilation
Fear of dark and ghost din yun
Behavior ay gender specific
At may magi-cal thinking
Ang patay is sleeping
Initiative vs. guilt
Ang SCHOOL AGE latent yan
Concrete thinking, Logic
reasoning
Same sex stage, normal na
bading
Heroworship and plays
competitive
Schooler starts to have a
bestfriend
Takot parati control niya ay mag
end
Permanent ang concept of death
Industry vs inferiority
Formal ang adolescent
Sa body image may disturbance
Ang thelarche ang first sign sa
girls
At last sign yan ang menarche!
T Tired
I Irritability
(Nightmares)
R Restlessness
E Excessive Hunger
(Polyphagia)
D
Depression/Diaphoresis
HYPERNATREMIA
You are FRIED!
F - Fever (low grade),
flushed skin
R - Restless (irritable)
I - Increased fluid
retention
and increased BP
E - Edema
(peripheral and
pitting)
D - Decreased urinary
output,
dry mouth
Pressure Ulcer Staging
Stage I erythema
Stage II breakdown of
the
dermis
Stage III full thickness
skin
Breakdown
Stage IV bones, muscles
HEART MURMURS:
SPASM!!
MI Management (MONA)
Morphine
S Stenosis
P Partial obstruction
A Aneurysms
S Septal defect
M Mitral regurgitation
Miotic: Little word=
Little
pupil (constrict)
Mydriatic: Big word=
Big
pupil (dilated)
Anticholingergics Side
Effects:
Can't see
Can't pee
Can't spit
Can't sh*t
Hyperthyroidism (s/s)
THYROIDISM
Tremor
Heart rate up
Yawning (fatigueability)
Restlessness
Oligomenorrhea &
amenorrhea
Intolerance to heat
Diarrhea
Irritability
Sweating
Muscle wasting & weight
loss
5W's of common causes of
post-op fever
Wind (think pneumonia,
splinting, incentive spirometer
exercises not done, DB+
coughing NOT DONE)
Water (dehydration...)
Wound (infection, dehiscence...)
Walking (PE...)
Wonder drug (approriate
antibiotic...)
U-WAVE ON ECG
To apply a telemetry
CONSTIPATION
monitor:
TOXICITY TO DIGOXIN
White over right (top
IRREGULAR
right
WEAK PULSE
shoulder)
OTOSTASIS
Black beside the white
NUMBNESS
(Over lt PARESTHESIA
shoulder)
Checkers (red below the black)
Christmas (Green beside the
red)
General rules regarding
Then ofcourse, the brown
psychiatry
will be drugs:
in the middle!
1) Cannot be taken with alcohol,
stimulants,depressants.
SALT
2) Cannot be given to pregnant,
lactatingand patients with
S Skin flushed
glaucoma.
A - Agitation
3) Cannot be abruptly stooped
L - Low-grade fever but mus be tapered slowly
T - Thirst
4) All are given after meals
except anti anxiety
The HYPERKALEMIA "Machine"
agents( because food interferes
- Causes of Increased Serum
withK+
their absorption)
5) All psychiatry drugs have anti
M - Medications - ACE inhibitors,
cholinergic
NSAIDS side effects:
A - Acidosis - Metabolic and respiratory
Dizziness, drowsiness, dry
C - Cellular destruction - Burns,
mouth, constipation, urinary
traumatic injury
retention
H - Hypoaldosteronism, hemolysis
I - Intake - Excesssive
"CATS" of
N - Nephrons, renal failure
"HYPOCALCEMIA"
E - Excretion - Impaired
C - Convulsions
A- Arrhythmias
T - Tetany
Signs and Symptoms of
S - Spasms and stridor
Increased Serum K+:
MURDER !!
BLEEDING - S/Sx
M - Muscle weakness
BEEP
U - Urine, oliguria, anuria
R- Respiratory distress
B - Bleeding gums
D - Decreased cardiac
E - Ecchymoses (bruises)
contractility
E - Epistaxis (nosebleed)
E - ECG changes
P - Petechiae (tiny
R - Reflexes, hyperreflexia, or
purplish spots)
areflexia (flaccid)
HYPOKALEMIA (SUCTION)
SKELETAL MUSCLE WEAKNESS
TETRALOGY OF
FALLOT
DISPLACED AORTA
RIGHT VENTRICULAR
HYPERTROPHY
OPENING INTO THE
SEPTUM (VSD)
PULMONARY STENOSIS
RESPIRATORY
DEPRESSION inducing drugs
STOP breathing
S - Sedatives and
hypnotics
T - Trimethoprim
O - Opiates
P - Polymyxins
PNEUMOTHORAX S/Sx
P-THORAX
P - Pleuretic pain
T - Trachea deviation
H - Hyperresonance
O - Onset sudden
R - Reduced breath
sounds (& dypsnea)
A - Absent fremitus
X - X-ray shows collapse
PNEUMONIA - risk factors
INSPIRATION
I - Immunosuppression
N - Neoplasia
S - Secretion retention
P - Pulmonary oedema
I - Impaired alveolar
macrophages
R - RTI (prior)
A - Antibiotics & cytotoxics
T - Tracheal instrumentation
I - IV dug abuse
O - Other (general debility,
immobility)
N - Neurologic impairment of
cough reflex, (eg NMJ disorders)
CROUP - S/Sx
SSS
S - Stridor
S - Subglottic swelling
S - Seal-bark cough Cyanide
Hydrocarbons
Ethanol
Metals
SHORTNESS OF BREATH Causes
Caustics
AAAA PPPP
Airway unprotected
A - Airway obstructionLithium
A - Angina
CAMphor
A - Anxiety
Potassium
A - Asthma
P - Pneumonia
P - Pneumothorax
IPECAC: CONTRAINDICATIONS
P - Pulmonary Edema
P - Pulmonary Embolus
4 C's:
Comatose
FEMORAL HERNIA Convulsing
Corrosive
FEMoral hernias are more
hydroCarbon
common in FEMales.
COMPLICATIONS OF
FALCIPARUM MALARIA
(CHAPLIN)
Cerebral malaria/ Coma
Hypoglycemia
"TRY PULLING MY AORTA":Anaemia
Pulmonary edema
Tricuspid
Lactic acidosis
Pulmonary
Infections
Mitral
Necrosis of renal tubules (ATN)
Aorta
ET TUBE DELIVERABLE
DRUGS
O NAVEL:
PLACENTA-CROSSING
Oxygen
SUBSTANCES
Naloxone
"Want My Hot Dog":
Atropine
Ventolin (albuterol)
Wastes
Epinephrine
Antibodies
Lidocaine
Nutrients
Teratogens
Microorganisms
ATRIAL FIBRILLATION:
Hormones/ HIV
CAUSES OF NEW
Drugs
ONSET
THE ATRIAL FIBS:
EMERGENCY MEDICINE
ACTIVATED CHARCOAL:
CONTRAINDICATIONS
CHEMICAL CamP:
Thyroid
Hypothermia
Embolism (P.E.)
Alcohol
Trauma (cardiac
contusion)
Recent surgery (post
CABG)
Ischemia
Atrial enlargement
Lone or idiopathic
Fever, anemia, highoutput states
Infarct
Bad valves (mitral
stenosis)
Stimulants (cocaine,
theo, amphet, caffeine)
SHOCK: S/SX
(TV SPARC CUBE)
Thirst
Vomiting
Sweating
Pulse weak
Anxious
Respirations
shallow/rapid
Cool
Cyanotic
Unconscious
BP low
Eyes blank
VENTRICULAR
FIBRILLATION:
TREATMENT
"Shock, Shock, Shock,
Everybody Shock,
Little Shock, Big
Shock, Momma Shock,
Poppa Shock":
Shock= Defibrillate
Everybody= Epinephine
Little= Lidocaine
Big= Bretylium
Momma= MgSO4
Poppa= Pocainamide
VFIB/VTACH DRUGS
USED ACCORDING TO
ACLS
Sclerosis (MS)
"Every Little Boy Must
Some migraines
Pray":
Epinephrine
Lidocaine
COMA: CONDITIONS TO
Bretylium
EXCLUDE AS CAUSE
Magsulfate
Procainamide
MIDAS:
Meningitis
Intoxication
Diabetes
DIABETIC
Air (respiratory failure)
KETOACIDOSIS
Subdural/ Subarachnoid
MANAGEMENT
hemorrhage
(KING UFC)
K+ (potassium)
MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA
Insulin (5u/hour. Note:
TREATMENT
sliding scale no longer"Some Hot Dude Better Give
recommended in the UK)
Iced Fluids Fast!" (Hot dude
Nasogastic tube (if = hypothermia):
patient comatose)
Glucose (once serum Stop triggering agents
levels drop to 12)
Hyperventilate/ Hundred percent
Urea (check it)
oxygen
Fluids (crytalloids) Dantrolene (2.5mg/kg)
Creatinine (check it)/Bicarbonate
Catheterize
Glucose and insulin
IV Fluids and cooling blanket
Fluid output monitoring/
Furosemide/ Fast heart
[tachycardia]
NEUROLOGICAL FOCAL
DEFICITS
10 S's:
RESUSCITATION: BASIC
STEPS
ABCDE:
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Drugs
Environment
RLQ PAIN:
DIFFERENTIAL
APPENDICITIS:
Appendicitis/ Abscess
PID/ Period
Pancreatitis
Ectopic/ Endometriosis
Neoplasia
Diverticulitis
Intussusception
Crohns Disease/ Cyst
(ovarian)
IBD
Torsion (ovary)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Stones
Acid-base"ROME"
(Respiratory Opposite,
Metabolic Equal)
Acidosis
Respiratory (opposite):
pH Pco2
Metabolic(equal): pH HCO3
Alkalosis
Respiratory (opposite):
pH Pco2
Metabolic(equal): pH HCO3
Alcohol withdrawal:
clinical features
"HITS"
Hallucinations (visual,
tactile)
Increased vital signs and
insomnia
Tremens delirium
tremens (potentially
lethal)
Shakes/ Sweats/ Seizures/
Stomach pains (nausea,
vomiting)
Angina: precipitating
factors"4E's"
Eating
Emotion
Exertion (Exercise)
Extreme Temperatures
(Hot or Cold weather)
Anorexia nervosa:
clinical features
"ANOREXIC"
Adolescent women/ Amenorrhea
Complication of severe
preeclampsia
"HELLP" syndrome
Hemolysis
Elevated Liver enzymes
Low Platelet count
Cushing's syndrome:
symptoms"3S's"
Sugar (hyperglycemia)
Salt (hypernatremia)
Sex (excess androgens)
Dystocia: etiology
"3P's"
Powe
Passageway
Passenger
Dystocia: general
aspects (maternal)
"3P's"
Psych
Placenta
Position
Episiotomy
assessment"REEDA"
Redness
Edema
Ecchymosis
Discharge
Approximation of skin
Coma: causes"A-E-IO-U TIPS"
Diaphoresis
Increased pulse
Restless
Extra hungry
Asymmetry
Border
Color
Diameter
Cooperation
Compromise
Collaboration
Hypertension: nursing
care plan "I-TIRED" Medication administration
"six rights"
Intake and output (urine)
Take blood pressure
RIGHT medication
Ischemia attack, transientRIGHT dosage
(watch for TIAs)
RIGHT route
Respiration, pulse
RIGHT time
Electrolytes
RIGHT client
Daily weight
RIGHT technique
Hypoglycemia: signs Melanoma characteristics
and symptoms"DIRE""ABCD"
Mental retardation:
nursing care plan
"3R's"
Regularity (provide
routine and structure)
Reward (positive
reinforcement)
Redundancy (repeat)
Newborn assessment
components"APGAR"
Appearance
Pulse
Grimace
Activity
Respiratory effort
Obstetric (maternity)
history"GTPAL"
Gravida
Term
Preterm
Abortions (SAB, TAB)
Living children
Oral contraceptives:
signs of potential
problems"ACHES"
Abdominal pain (possible
liver or gallbladder
problem)
Chest pain or shortness
of breath (possible
pulmonary embolus)
Headache (possible
hypertension, brain
attack)
Eye problems (possible
hypertension or vascular
accident)
Elimination problems
Tracheoesophageal
(necrotizing enterocolitis fistula: assessment"3Cs"
[NEC])
Sensory-perceptual
Coughing
functions (retinopathy of Choking
prematurity [ROP])
Cyanosis
Transient ischemic
attacks: assessment
"3Ts"
Wernicke-Korsakoff
syndrome (alcoholassociated
neurological disorder)
"COAT RACK"
Wernicke's
encephalopathy (acute
phase)
clinical features:
Confusion
Ophthalmoplegia
Ataxia
Thiamine is an important
aspect of Tx
Korsakoff's psychosis
(chronic phase)
Terbutaline
Orciprenaline
Adrenaline
Salbutamol
Isoprenaline
Salmeterol
characteristic findings:
Retrograde amnesia
(recall of some old
memories)
Anterograde amnesia
(ability to form new
"Cut C4, breathe no more"
memories)
Confabulation
The 3rd, 4th and 5th cervical
spinal nerves innervate the
Korsakoff's psychosis
diaphragm.
SIGNS OF CANCER
Change in bowel /bladder
"Point and Shoot!"
habits
A sore that doesnt heal
For remembering that
Unusual bleeding/
Parasympathetics are involved
Discharge
with erection and Sympathetics
Thickening of lump with ejaculation.
breast or elsewhere
Indigestion/ Dysphagia
Obvious change in wart/
mole
Layers of the scalp Nagging cough/
"SCALP"
hoarseness
Unexplained anemia Skin
Sudden weight loss
Connective tissue
Aponeurosis
Loose areolar tissue
Pericranium
FOCUS OF PATIENT
Viruses causing
diarrhea - "ACNE CAR"
Adeno virus
Corana virus
Norwak virus
Entero virus
Calci virus
Astro virus
Rota virus
The Krebs cycle - "Can
I Actually See Some
Filipina Mothers"
Citrate
Isocitrate
alpha Ketoglutarate
Succinyl CoA
Succinate
Fumarate
Malate
Oxaloacetate
Stages of
mitosis/meiosis
including interphase
as a phase - "In
Philippines, Men Are
Talented"
Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Signs of cor pulmonale
- "Please Read His
Text"
Peripheral edema
Raised JVP
Hepatomegaly
Tricuspid incompetence
Metheonine
Kidney
Histidine(semi-essential)
Thyroid
Arginine(semi-essential)
Breast
Leucine
Lysine
Six "S" in Scarlet Fever
Uses of Chloroquine Streptococci causal organism
(other than malaria)Sorethroat
"RED LIP"
Swollen tonsils
Strawberry tongue
Rheumatoid arthritis Sandpaper rash
Extra intestinal
miliarySudamina vesicles over
amoebiasis
hands, feet, abdomen
Discoid lupus
erythematosus
Lepra reaction
Signs of anti-cholinergic
Infectious mononucleosis
crisis - "SLUD"
Photogenic reactions
Salivation
Lacrimation
Urination
Portal hypertension Defecation
features - "ABCDE"
Ascites
Causes of huge spleen Bleeding (hematemesis,
"3M's"
piles)
Caput medusae
Myelofibrosis
Diminished liver
Malaria
Enlarged spleen
Myelogenous leukemia
Order of prevalence of
White Blood Cells,
most prevalent to
least - "Never Let
Monkeys Eat Bananas"
Key questions needed in an
emergency history taking
Neutrophils
situation - "AMPLE"
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Allergies
Eosinophils
Medication
Basophils
Past medical history
Last meal
Events and environment related
to injury
10 essential amino
acids - "PVT. TIM
HALL"
Malignancies that
metastisize to bone Phenylalanine
"Laging Panalo Kung Taga
Valine
Bulacan"
Tryptophan
Threonine
Lung
Isoleucine
Prostate
Cardinal Symptoms of
Parkinson's Disease "TRAP"
Tremor
Rigidity
Akinesia and
bradykinesia
Postural Instability
Days of appearance of
rashesVaricella(chicke
npox) - "Very Sick
Patients Must Take
Double Exercise"
1st dayScarlet fever
2nd dayPox(smallpox)
3rd dayMumps
4th dayTyphus
MORPHINE
AMINOPHYLLINE
DOPAMINE
DIURETICS
O2
GASSES MONITOR
(ABG)
5th dayDengue
6th dayEnteric
fever(typhoid)
SHOCK
HYPOTACHYTACHY
HYPOTENSION
TACHYPNEA
TACHYCARDIA
BP DECREASE
URINE OUTPUT
DECREASE
RESPIRATORY RATE
DECREASE
PATELLAR REFLEX
ABSENT
CUSHINGS TRIAD:
HYPERTENSION (WIDE
PULSE PRESSURE)
BRADYCARDIA
BRADYPNEA
HYDRATION
OXYGENATION
PAIN
INFECTION
AVOID HIGH PLACES
LATE SIGNS OF
HYPOXIA
BRADYCARDIA
EXTREME RESTLESSNESS
DYSPNEA
CYANOSIS
CONGESTIVE HEART
FAILURE
DIGOXIN
PRESSURE
REST
ICE
COMPRESSION
ELEVATION
MG SO4 TOXICITY
INCREASE ICP
HYPERBRADYBRADY
EARLY SIGNS OF
HYPOXIA
RESTLESSNESS
AGITATION
TACHYCARDIA
FRACTURE
PREGNANCY INDUCED
HYPERTENSION
HEMOLYSIS
ELEVATED LIVER
ENZYMES
LOW
PLATELETS
NEUROVASCULAR
CHECK
PAIN
PULSELESSNESS
PARESTHESIA
PARALYSIS
PALLOR
VIRCHOWS TRIAD IN
DVT
VENUS STASIS
DAMAGE TO VESSELS
HYPERCOAGUABILITY
ABDOMINAL AORTIC
ANEURISM (4A)
ASSYMPTOMATIC
ABDOMINAL MASS
ABDOMINAL PULSE
ACHES LOW BACK
DILUTE DECREASE
OSMOLALITY