Obtained from Ryerson's Mechanical Engineering Course Union (MECU)-www.ryemecu.

com

RYERSON UNIVERSITY
Department
Depaltmentm,u,o~.a
of Mechanical
.. ,,~a. and Industrial Engineering
FLUID MIGClIAl'l!I(:S
MECHANICS IT - MEC616
nAL'~U.LU
Final Examination

EXAMINER: Prof. R.S. Budny

DATE: 20 April 2011

ASSOCIATE: Dr. J.O.

J.G. KawaU
Kawall

SECTIONS: 011-041
TIME: 3 hours

INSTRUCTIONS:

1. OPEN BOOK EXAM. Suggested aids for your own personal use are: course textbook,
class notes, assignments, solutions, non-communicating electronic calculator, drawing instruments (i.e., "rolling" ruler, set squares, protractor, small magnifying
magnifYing glass, pens).

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2. Prohibited items include: cell-phones (text and/or video display), pagers and other wireetc .. These must
less devices, Palm-pilots, laptop computers, radios/video/music players etc..
be switched orfand
off and left at the front of the exam room.

3. Leave all bags and brief cases at the front of

ofthe
the exam room. Travelling back and forth to
bags and brief cases while the exam is in progress is NOT permitted.
4. Candidates may not borrow or lend any materials while the exam is in progress.

5. Answer all five (5) questions. Questions are of equal percent value (20% each).
6. Answer questions in the space provided. You may use the back of the page if required.
7. Candidates must layout their work clearly and legibly at all times; otherwise, marks may
be lost. ~gili!sulIlJ!~lJ:YiJlnQ1J;~rndW.
Illegible answers will not be graded.

8. Full marks will be awarded for correct answers using the correct method. Marks will be
deducted for incorrect units.
9. Use engineering judgment when answering questions. If you feel that there is a genuine
error or omission in any question then make an assumption and draw this to the atbentiion
attention
of the examiner right on the exam paper and continue with
Vlith the solution.
trom the exam paper.
10. DO NOT detach any sheets from

Question

Name:

Mark

(print your name here)

Student ID:

Section:

1.

I I I (Write
I yourI student
I I number)
I I I
studellt I.D. lIumber)

(Circle your section

secoon number)

2.
3.

4.
5.

I
I
I
I
I

Total

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Final Exam

QUESTION 1.
The pipe system shown below delivers 6 Lis of water to point 4 which is located above point 1.
I.
The pipes are cast iron with constant diameter and the pipe fittings are all regular and threaded.
The pipe properties are indicated on the diagram. The friction factor f may be determined from a
suitable chart or equivalent formula. Im:ludilllg
Including the effects of frictional and minor losses, determdet:erntline the magnitude ofthe
difIerence &'.4.
of the elevation difference

p. = 200 kPa

90 elbow ,t---:-<t---......--""7'~---

Q 6 Us
0=6

Water properties
Fully open
globe valve

90 elbow
90"

40 m

t>z'4

y=9.81 kN/m 33
v=]XIOv=lxlO- 6 m'/s
m 2 /s

90 elbow
90"
2
3
_ _ _ _~_____L
\ ~~~3~

~ P,

=500 kPa

Pipe properties
D=O.05252 m
m
A=2.l66xlO-3 m'
m2
4
E=2.5x 10- m

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This diagram is not drawn to scale.

4mI L,o~lO m

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Final Exam

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MEC616.Wll
IU''''''TT,nN 2.
QUESTION

Water flows through two parallel pipes that lie in a horizontal plane. Using a suitable iterative
technique, determine the flow rates QI and Q2 in cubic metres per second through each pipe
appropriate friction factorfsuitable
factor/suitable for the flow condiwhen the total inflow is 1.5 m3/s. Use an ap]Jropriate
tions in each pipe. Minor losses at the JU]1ctioriS
junctions and bends may be ignored. Note: Do only one
full iteration and then comment brielly
briefly on your solution, i.e., how good do you think your answers are for QI and Qz
Q2 after only one iteration?

-Q
0

=800 m
L,=800
D,=0.84 m
A, =0.5542 m'
A]
c,=2.5XIOm
,= X 10 -44 m

Water properties
p=lOOO
p=
1000 kg/m3
kg/m'
6
2
V= 1 xIO- m
m'/s
/s

m~ -+=1=-4:====='=0:
-+=t=-=t====='=Q:,====::~:+-i=====::~:-t-I=_
L,=200 m
D,=0.49 m
A,=0.1886
1886 m'
4
c,=2.5XIO2
X 10- m

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QTOT=
v,.,;T=1.5
1.5

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Final Exam

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MEC616.Wll
QUESTION 3.

A centrifugal water pump with an impeller diameter of 0.159 m is tested at a speed of 1760 rpm.
Iitres per second, and the torque applied to the pump shaft is
The flow rate through the pump is 4 litres
3.29 Nm. Other relevant test data are given in the table below. Assume water at 20 0 e with denskg/m3 and specific weight, y = 9.79 kN/m 3
ity, p = 998 kg/m'

Inlet Section, 1

Outlet Section, 2

Gauge pressure,p
p (kPa)

94.7

177.8

Elevation above datum, z (m)

1.18

2.67

(rn/s)
Average flow velocity, V (m/s)

1.85

4.15

Parameter

(a) Detenninle
Determine for the above pump:
i.
1.

The pump head, in metres,

me,tres.

nm'cel1L
iii. The hydraulic efficiency, in percent.

ii. The brake power, in watts, and,

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of7.1
7.1 Lis at a
(b) Another centrifugal pump is to be used to transport water at 20 0 e a rate of
of20
20 m. Given that this pump and the one referred to in part (a) above are
pump head of
homologous units, determine:

i. The required pump speed, in rpm, and,

ii. The required impeller diameter, in metres.

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Final Exam

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"TTO"'T4.
QUESTION
4.

Using a reasonable NPSH margin of safety, determine the maximum height, z"
z" that the centreline of the pump can be located above the reservoir surface to avoid cavitation when the flow
rate is 5.7 Lis of water. The net positive suction head required is 4.6 m at the pump inlet located
near the pump's centre-line. Assume water at 20C with specific weight, y = 9.79 kN/m3 , kin6
em:ltic
m 2 /s, and vapour pressure,p, = 2.34 kPa (absolute). The suction
ematic viscosity, v = 1 X 10- m'/s,
z,
pipe is 2-nominal schedule 40 PVC plastic pipe and, for simplicity, assume it's length is, L = z.,
(i.e., the pipe length is adjusted to match z,). Include pipe frictional losses in your calculations
(absolute).
but minor losses may be ignored. Atmospheric pressure is 101.3 kPa (absolute).

t
Pump

Reservoir

Suction
pipe

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zs

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Final Exam

- 6 of88-

QUESTIONS.
QUES~rIO'N 5.

An industrial water supply system

sy~;teln (shown
(ShOV'l1 below) is to be designed using a single storage tank
3
and a single pump that runs all the time. The tank and pump system must deliver 500 m of water
at 200C
~C:~~a~~~:~~~;~i()~
during a continuous 8-hour period once per day. When the tank is drained it is refilled by
the pump. The pump under consideration has a 0.285-m-diameter impeller operating at 1760 rpm
and the characteristic curves are approximately given by:

(1.97Xl04)Q~
I04)Q~

H p=41.7-(1.97X

and

1_(Ql'~~~~23
Qp~~~~23

ljp=0.69[
llP=O.69[ 1-(

3
IS the pump head in metres, Qp is the pump flow rate in m
m'/s,
where Hp is
/s, and IIIIpp is the pump hy0~1']p~0.69 valid for O::;Q
0~Qp~0.046.
draulic efficiency factor, 0::;'1p::;O.69
p 50.046. An existing pipe system is to incorporated into the design and the pipe system equation, for constant f, is given by:

20+(1.24XI05)Q~
Hs=20+(
1.24 X 105)Q~

where Hs is the pipe system head in metres and Qs is the system flow rate in m 3Is.
/s .

v"lelm to produce the lowest pump operating cost over a on,;)-vear

"oo,.",ina
Design this system
one-year period assuming
that electricity costs $0.10 per kWh,
kW'h, and utilize the smallest sized storage tank possible (this
keeps capital costs down). Use homologous pump scaling to determine a new pump size and operating speed that locates the operating point at the best efficiency point.

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Summarize the following for your final design: (I) the pump flow rate, (2) the storage tank
volume, (3) the required pump impeller diameter and speed, (4) the pump head formula for the
homologously scaled pump, and (5) the pump operating costs in dollars per year.
Q
~Q

Water delivery:
tank
500 m'
L"=!::.-.J--'" 500
m' in
in 88 hours,
once per day

Water
supply

Storage

NOTE: A blank graph is provided on the last page for those wishing to use it.

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Final Exam

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Q1JESTION 5. (extra
l~v'r" space continued)
cOIltnllue,,,!
QUESTION

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,
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Final Exam

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QUESTION
OlfEST14[)l'\ 5. (extra space continued)
cOIDltin.ue.:l)

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Optional Graph
",,,,i,.,,,cI\
(Label x and y axis as
as ..required)

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