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(1)Noun
(2)Pronoun
(3)Adjective
(4)Verb
(5)Adverb
(6)Preposition
(7)Conjunction
(8)Interjection
Noun
Places of Nouns
1. Subject
2. Object
3. Possession
Pronoun
1
subject
Object
Possession
me
my
mine
myself
we
us
our
ours
ourselves
you
you
your
yours
he
him
his
his
Yourself
yourselves
himself
she
her
her
hers
Herself
they
them
their
theirs
themselves
it
it
its
Adjective
Verb
2
Reflexive
itself
Adverb
Preposition
Conjunction
Interjection
Basic Structure
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
S+V
S+V+O
S+V+C
S + V + IO + DO (or) S + V + DO + to / for IO
To+ VO (Infinitive Verb)
S + V + O + C + Pl + T
S + V + O + C + M + Pl + T + R or P
Yes or No Question
Helping Verb (H.V) + Subject + Main Verb (M.V) --------?
W.H Question
Sub:
Obj:/ others
Wh + Verb ---------------------?
Wh + H.V + Sub: + M.V ----------------?
S+V
S+V+O
S+V+C
S + V + IO + DO (or) S + V + DO + to / for IO
TO + VO (Infinitive Verb)
S + V + O + C + Pl + T
+ V + O + C +
M +
Pl +
T + R or P
Tenses
Simple
Past
Present
V2
did
V1 / V1 s,es
do / does
Continuous
was/were+v-ing
( at 3 oclock yesterday,
at 2:00 pm last Sunday,
the whole day yesterday)
Perfect
had+Ved/en
( finished something
before the past time,
until, before )
Perfect
Continuous
had+been V-ing
( an action over a period
up to a past time )
Future
Modal Verb+V0
am/is/are+v-ing
Modal Verb +
be v-ing
( an action over a
period of future time,
the middle of future
action,
future routine action )
has/have+Ved/en
Modal Verb +
have Ved/en
has / have +
been V-ing
( an action represented
as being in progress
over a period of time
that will end in the
future )
V1
V2
am/is/are + Ving
was/ were + Ving
am / is / are + Ved/en
was / were + Ved/en
am/is/are + being Ved/en
was/ were + being Ved/en
has/have+ Ved/en
had +Ved/en
modal verb + V0
Notes:
Exercise:
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Expressing Desires
1.S + want + N
2.S + want to + V0
3.S + want + someone + to V0
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Conditional Sentences
First Conditional (possible conditional)
If S + V1 + -------------, S + will V0 ---------------------------
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not enough to
Direct Speech
Indirect Speech
V1
V2
V2
has/have + Ved/en
will/can/shall/may + V0
had + Ved/en
had + Ved/en
would/could/should/might+ V0
must + V0
had to +V0
have to+ V0
had to + V0
this
that
these
those
here
there
now
ago
today
that day
tonight
that night
yesterday
tomorrow
next
the following
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last
Statement (
the previous
)
that
said
said
said to
told
change ( pronoun , verb , Tadv and Pladv )
Question (
said / said to
told
please
requested
ordered
ordered / commanded
V1
to + V0
Dont V0
not to + V0
change ( pronoun , verb , Tadv and Pladv )
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E.g: 1 ) The teacher said to the students , Work hard for your exam.
The teacher told the students to work hard for their exam
2) Mother said to her son, Dont play with fire.
Mother told her son not to play with fire.
Exercise:
1. U Thu Maung said to Soe Tint, Dont make the same mistake again.
2. The police said to him, Dont go away.
3. U Ko Ko said to his aunt, Please take care of my children while I am away.
4. Thanda said to Nandar, Dont be late for the meeting tomorrow.
5. The doctor said to Ko Lay Lwin, Give up smoking or you will not get well.
6. Can you help me with this? said Ko Ko to Thida.
7. Why are you looking so tired, Ko Zaw? said Aung Aung.
8. Nila asked to Nyi Nyi, Who has taken my hand phone?
9. The teacher said her pupils Have you done your homework yet?
10. Mother said, I cant be bothered to cook. Shall we go out tonight?
11. Can I go to the market with you , mother? said Ei Mon.
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12. Swe Swe daud, Why didnt you come to my birthday yesterday,Tun Tun?
13. Moe Zaw said, Yadana, what have you done with your book?
14. Mar Lar said to Kyaw Oo, When will you go abroad?
15. Thida said to Ko Htwe, How are you keeping well today?
16. Mother said to father, I will go to pagoda tomorrow.
17. The child said, I dont see my mother.
18. Thwe Thwe, you are more beautiful than before, said Aung Aung.
19. Nyi Nyi said to Wah Wah, your mother knew me very well.
20. Moe Zaw said, I am not clever enough to answer your question.
21. Mother said to me, I want you to be punctual.
22. Parents said to us, We want you all to have a good command of English.
23. Father said to his son, I dont like you wearing your brothers clothes.
24. Aye Aye said to Mg Mg, I will return your book tomorrow.
25. Nge Nge said to Ko Ko, I did not take your calculator yesterday,
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Eg:
Exercise
1. That is the student. He won the first prize.
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14. Ann did not want to marry Tom. It made surprised everybody.
15. Darwin. His ideas changed our view of the world. He travelled to a lot of countries
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Letter Writing
Address
Greeting
Body of letter
1) Address
No.200 , Inya Road,
Kamayut Township, Yangon
1st March, 2011.
2) Greeting
Dear Mg Mg,
Dear Phay Phay,
Dear Sayama,
3) Body of Letter
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Conclusion
Signature
1st paragraph
How are you? / I hope you are in good health. / As for me,Im
fine and all the others in my family are fine,too. ? / What are you doing now? / I
havent heard from you for a long time. / My examination is drawing near day by
day.
2nd paragraph
Now, Im writing this letter to tell you about
This is all for now.
Let me stop my letter here as I have to study my lessons.
3rd paragraph
Please write to me very often.
I give my love to all at home.
With love and best wishes,
4) Conclusion
Yours lovingly,
Yours sincerely,
Your loving son,
5) Signature
Aye Aye
Sample Letter
No.200 , Inya Road,
Kamayut Township, Yangon
1st March, 2011.
Dear Mg Mg,
How are you? I hope you are in good health. As for me, Im fine and all the
others in my family are fine, too. ? What are you doing now? I havent heard
from you for a long time. My examination is drawing near day by day.
Now, Im writing this letter to tell you about .............................
.. ....
This is all for now. Let me stop my letter here as I have to study my lessons.
Please write to me very often. I give my love to all at home.
With love and best wishes,
Yours lovingly,
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Aye Aye
Letters to Practice
1) You are Hinn Phyu.You live at No. 69, Main Road,Sagaing. Write to your cousin,
Tun Tun, in Mandalay, inviting him to come to your birthday party, and telling him
how you will celebrate it. Use the ideas given below.
How have you decide to celebrate your birthday?
Whom do you intend to invite?
What do you intend to do?
What will your mother cook for your birthday?
What do you give for your teachers?
Add anything you wish to say?
2) You are Thin Thin. Your address is No.387, Panhlaing Street, Hinthada.Wite to
your sister, Phyu Pyar, thanking her for the watch she sent and telling her how
3)
much you appreciate the gift. Use the ideas given below.
What is very useful to you?
What doesnt work properly?
Does it show the right time?
Which brands have become nationwide popularity in Myanmar?
What about their design and brands?
What price are they?
When are you going to wear it?
Add anything you wish to say?
You are Ko Ko and you live at No.15, Myaing Thazin Road, Kalaw. Write a letter
to your friend, Bo Bo, who lives in Yangon, telling him about the new house your
family has moved to and how much you like it. Use the ideas gicen below.
How did you feel at first when you moved to the new house?
But now what about you?
What kind of your new house?
Describe your house in details
How does your mother keep the house and why?
What does your father do after work?
Add anything you wish to say
4) Your are Moe Moe and you live at No.70,Mingyi Road,Insein,Yangon.Write a
letter to your friend, Sandar, telling her about an interesting book you read last
week and why you enjoy reading it.Use the ideas given below.
You are a book-worm
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5) You are Ye Lwin. You live at No.31, Shwe Bo Road, Monywa with your uncle.
Write a letter to your parents who live in Bago , telling them that you and some of
your friends would like to spend your Thinhyan holidays in Mandalay and asking
them to permit you to do so. Use the ideas given below.
What have some of your friends and you decide to do?
Have you ever taken part in Mandalays Thingyan festival?
Why would you like to spend your Thingyan holidays in Mandalay?
What is Mandalay rich?
Do the people in Mandalay preserve the traditions and cultures of
Myanmar in Thingyan festival?
What do you promise?
Add anything you wish
6) You are Su Zar. You live at No.234, Mindama Street, Mayangone, Yangon. You
write a letter to your parents telling them how you will prepare for the final
examination. Use the ideas given below.
Is it possible to pass the examination without preparation?
How have you prepared for the final examination?
What do you pay attention to through the year??
How do you do your homework and learn your lessons?
For your health what do you do
Why are you trying hard?
How many times have you revised all your lessons?
Add anything you wish to say
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7) You are Win Htut. You live at No.2, Kanthaya Road, Yangon. Write a letter to your
friend telling him/ her how to prepare for your examination. Use the ideas given
below.
What grade are you in?
Are you preparing for the exam?
Do you pay attention to the teachers teaching/
Do you do your homework?
Do you draw timetable?
Do you study lessons daily?
What do you avoid?
Add anything else you wish to say.
Paragraph Writing
1) Write a paragraph about The Subject I Like Best using the ideas given below.
2) Write a paragraph about A Visit to a Village using the ideas given below.
Where is it?
How many miles from Yangon?
With whom did you go there?
How did you go there?
How many hours did the journey take?
What did you see on the way?
What did you do when you arrived at the village?
Add anything you wish to say?
3) Write a paragraph about My Favourite Teacher using the ideas given below.
4)Write a paragraph about My Aim in Life using the ideas given below.
6)Write a paragraph about A Visit to a Maeket using the ideas given below.
30.Measure the size of the window and cut the cloth to (long).
53.We can hear the ( angry) shouts coming from the building.
56.Students should study their lessons at the (begin) of the school year.
72. I cant say with any (certain) where I will be next week.
73. Bring it into the (light) and we will have a look at it.
76. When the reporters asked the minister, he ( answer) nothing about it.
79. When we set out our task, the sky was (cloud).
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84. They arrived there on Sunday and we got therer the (follow) day.
85. The surface must be ( good ) prepared before you start to paint.
89. It is not difficult to open a (break) watch if you want to know it.
99. There are many (flood) areas in Ayeyawaddy Region during the storm of nargis.
100. ( carry ) pigeons are birds that have been trained to carry message.
Exercises (Tenses)
7. Mya Mya (visit) her aunt once a year. She usually (go) there during the holodays.
30. When I got home , my mother ( already cook) dinner for us.
31. Myanmar Pyi Thein Tan is due to (begin) at 8:30 pm in National Theatre.
33.Could you please tell me, how can I (get) to the airport?
45.It is widely (know) that CFCs can damage the ozone layer.
52.They are going to (build) on the site of the old power station.
64.I (think) this work last month and I still havent finished it.
66.Bomb blast (break) out in Muse 105th mile trade zone in April.
75. She has been ( use) a computer since she was at thirteen.
96. As she walked home, she had the feeling she was ( follow).
98. In some countries, children dont start ( write) until they are at six.
99. She (lower) her basket and looked around the house.
100.Could you please tell me, how can I (get) to the airport?
Comprehension
1. U Kaung had one son. His name was Zaw Naing and he was twelve years old. U
Kaung went to work by car every day and he took Zaw naing with him to his
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school.Zaw Naing wanted a bicycle very much. A lot of my friends ride to school
on their bicycles, he said to his father. A few days ago, U Kaung stopped his car
at a red light, and then he said to his son, Im going to give you a bicycle next
month, son. But first Im going to ask you some questions .Now, do you know the
meaning of these traffic lights? Yes, I do, Zaw Naing answered quickly. Red
is Stop, green is Go and yellow is Go very fast !
A. Give from the passage a word which means the same as each of the
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
B.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
following.
a male child
needed
a vehicle with two wheels and a seat
hurriedly
the opposite of slow
Answer the following questions.
How many sons did U Kaung have?
How old was he?
How did U Kaung go to work every day?
What did Zaw Naing want?
What did U kaung ask his son?
A.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
B.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Give from the passage a word which means the same as each of the following.
If
not the same
opposite of the left
at the time
method
Answer the following questions.
How can we tell whether a person is an American or a European?
How does the American eat?
When does the European eat?
When do most Americans drink their coffee?
When does a European prefer to drink his coffee?
3.U Hla Aung went to Mandalay for a few months and he grew moustache and
beard there. Then he came back to Yangon, and he and his wife had a holiday in
a hotel by the sea. After the first day, his wife said to him, I dont like your beard,
U Hla Aung. He shaved if off, but he did not shave his moustache off.Then the
next morning he said to himself, Now I dont like my moustache. He shaved
that off too. Then he and his wife went down to breakfast, and all of the people at
other tables looked at them and began whispering to each other. Everybody said,
That woman always comes down to breakfast with a different man each
morning.
A. Give from the passage a word which means the same as each of the
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
following.
The hair on the lip of a man
a day when one does not have to work
also
the first meal of the day
not the same
A.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
B.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Give from the passage a word which means the same as each of the following
not old
possess
went quietly and secretly
happily
the planned events in an entertainment
Answer the following questions.
Who answered the young boys question?
What were his parents doing in the living room?
What was the same meaning of happily in the passage?
When did his parents come into the room?
How did the young boy get to his bed?
5.Mrs. Jones said to her husband, Theres going to be a big dance at the club on
Saturday, and all the other women are going to have new dresses, I want a new one
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too. But her husband answered, No, Im not going to buy you a new dress. Then
Mrs. Jones went to the store, bought a beautiful dress, put it on her husbands
account, but she did not say anything about it to him. She wore the dress at the
dance and everyone said, Thats a beautiful dress! At midnight, Mr. and Mrs. Jones
went home and Mr. Jones said to his wife, You were as pretty in your old dress as
the other women were in their new ones.
A. Give from the passage a word which means the same as each of the following.
1. the opposite of small
2. pretty
3. a statement of money owing
4. every person
5. twelve oclock at night
B. Answer the following questions.
1. What did Mrs. Jones tell her husband?
2. What did she want?
3. What did her husband answer?
4. What did she wear at the dance?
5. When did Mr. and Mrs. Jones go home?
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