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Maximum range, R
Name:
TERM 1
1 Physical Quantities And Units
1.1 Base Units and SI Units /
1.2 Dimensions of Physical Quantities
Quantity
time
mass
length
current
temperature
amount of
substance
light
intensity
Prefix
peta
tera
giga
mega
kilo
hector
deka
deci
centi
milli
micro
nano
pico
femto
SI Unit
second
kilogram
metre
ampere
kelvin
Symbol
s
kg
m
A
K
Dimension
T
M
L
I
mole
mol
candela
cd
Power
1015
1012
109
106
103
102
101
101
102
103
106
109
1012
1015
Abbreviation
P
T
G
M
k
h
da
d
c
m
n
p
f
Fy
tan 1 (
u2
, where 45
g
3 Dynamics
3.1 Newtons laws of motion
Newtons First Law: A body at rest will
remain at rest, a body that is moving will
continue with constant velocity, unless acted
upon by an external force.
Newtons Second Law: The rate of change
of momentum of a body is directly
proportional to the resultant force acting on it
and is in the same direction as the resultant
force.
Force, F = ma (unit: N or kgms 2 )
Impuls, Ft = mv mu (unit: Ns or kgms 1 )
Newtons Third Law: Every action has a
reaction which is of the same magnitude but
opposite in direction.
3.2 Linear momentum and its conservation
Momentum, p = mv (unit: kgms 1 )
Total linear momentum before collision
= Total linear momentum after collision
m1u1 m2 u 2 m1v1 m2 v2
v u
1
(ms 2 ) a (u v)t
t
2
W = mg, W F = ma
Greatest height, H
Range, R
u sin 2
g
2
u sin
2g
2
a v
a r 2
v2
r
F mv
F mr 2
mv 2
mv 2
T
r
r
6 Gravitation
6.1 Newtons law of universal gravitation
F G
m1m2
r2
m1u1 m2 u 2 (m1 m2 )v
g G
(mi xi )
m1 x1 m2 x 2 ... mn x n
i 1
x
i n
m1 m2 ...mn
mi
(mi yi )
m1 y1 m2 y 2 ... mn y n
i 1
i n
m1 m2 ...mn
mi
i 1
PQ = PQ cos , |P Q| = PQ sin
1
s ut at 2
2
v u 2as
v r
2f
F Fx2 Fy2
m1u1 m2 u 2 m1v1 m2 v2
where G = 6.67 x 10 11 m 3 kg 1 s 2
6.2 Gravitational field
Gravitational field strength,
i 1
i n
Fx
s
v (ms 1 )
t
v u at
5 Circular Motion
2u sin
2g
Fs s R
Fk k R
1
mv 2 (J or kgm2s2)
2
Potential energy, U = mgh
Kinetic energy, K =
Total energy,
4.3 Power
W
t
(unit: Js
E=K+U
1
or W or
3.4 Efficiency
Efficiency
Poutput
Pinput
100%
kgm 2 s 3 )
F
m
M
R2
(unit: ms 1 )
Mm
r
M
1
(Jkg )
r
gR2 = GM
6.4 Satellite motion in a circular orbit
Velocity of satellite,
gR 2
GM
1
or v
( ms )
r
r
2GM
2 gR
R
7 Statics
7.1 Equilibrium of particles
F1 + F2 + F 3 = 0
6.2 Closed polygon
F1 + F2 + F 3 + F4 + F5 = 0
7.3 Equilibrium of a rigid body
Resultant force on a rigid body = F + (-F) = 0
Fd = I
where I = moment of inertia of the rigid body
about the axis of rotation
Torque produced by a couple = Fd
where d = perpendicular distance between
the two forces of magnitude F
10 Thermodynamics Of Gases
10.1 Heat Capacity
s R
Boyles Law
Charles
Law
GayLussacs
Law or
Pressure
Law
p1V1 p2V2
V1 V2
T1 T2
p1 p2
T1 T2
pV nRT
pV nkT
23
JK
1
1
c 2 or p nm c 2
3
3
3
RT
2
c2
cr.m.s.
3kT or
3RT
1
2
degrees of freedom = f ( kT )
9.6 Internal Energy of an Ideal Gas
f
1
f
U N A f ( kT ) ( N A k )T RT
2
2
2
v mp v av v rms
v mp : v av : v rms
is 1.00 : 1.13 : 1.23
f
f 2
CV ,m R
C p ,m
R
2
2
Ratio of principal molar heat capacities
C p ,m
f 2
C V ,m
2
dQ
d
where
kA
dt
dx
dx
l= length of rod
k= thermal conductivity
A= cross-sectional area
11.2 Convection / 11.3 Radiation / 11.4 Global
warming
Stefan Botzman law:
P = eAT 4, Pnet = eA(T 4 T0 4)
40 r 2
4 0 r
dV
E =dx
V=-
Edx
13 Capacitors
Energy stored in capacitor,
E = CV2 = QV = Q2/C
E
Charging capacitor: Io =
R
t
t
t
CR
I I o e CR
CR
; Q = Qo(1- e
); V = E (1- e
)
t
Discharging capacitor : I = Ioe CR ;
Q = Qo e
t
CR ;
ne 2
m
E
Rr
=
V
R
F
q
E=
4 0 r 2
Conductivity =
= EA
RA
17 Electromagnetic Induction
Magnetic flux = BAcos
d
Faraday Law, E = dt
Induced emf, E = Bv straight conductor
E = R2fB rotating disc
E = NBA sin t rotating coil
dI
E=-L
; L = self inductance
dt
N = LI
TERM 2
12 Electrostatics
dt
Current density, J = I/A
Resistivity =
Gausss Law Q =
c r.m.s.
v1
Q U W
(where Q = heat energy supplied,
Current I = dQ = nAve
2
Power P = VI = I2R = V
R
v2
W pdV
11 Heat Transfer
11.1 Conduction
Vo
R
14 Electric Current
1000
F
e
(Nm2), Strain =
(no unit)
A
l0
; Io =
Time constant = CR
8 Deformation Of Solids
8.1 Stress and Strain
Stress =
V = Voe CR
N 2 A
)
2
Vo
1
=
2fC
Io
Inductor in ac circuit,
I = Io sin 2ft
Reactance Xc =
Vo
= 2 f L
Io
)
2
20 Wave Motion
TERM 3
19 Oscillations
For SHM, a = 2 x ( 2 = positive constant)
F = kx ( k = positive constant)
2
Angular frequency,
T
Period, T = 1/f
Displacement, x
1
m 2 ( x02 x 2 )
2
1
Internal Energy, U =
m 2 x 2
2
1
Total energy, E =
m 2 x02
2
dU
2
Force, F =
= m x
dx
=
Spring-mass system ,
Period,
T = 2
l
Simple pendulum, T 2
g
2
g
l
(l = length of pendulum,
g = acceleration due to gravity)
Spring-mass system, f 1
x)
k
m
1
a2 2
r
Wave Intensity, I
y (2a cos
Interference
ax
D
Interference
ax
D
x) sin t
24 Quantum Physics
21 Sound Waves
Fundamental frequency
Along a stretched spring
f0
m
e
2
k
g
Simple pendulum, f 1
v f 2 ( )
2
2
Velocity, v x0 x
Total energy, E = U + K
1
f
y a sin(t
2 x0 sin t 2t
Kinetic Energy,
x0 sint x
dx
Velocity, v
x0 cos t
dt
Acceleration, a
Period,
23 Wave Optics
v
1
1
2l 2l 2l
T (unit: Hz)
hc
v
4l
v
2l
I
Intensity level, 10 log10
dB
I0
25 Nuclear Physics
Work function, hf = Ef - Ei
I 0 1 10
12
2 )
Wm
Beat Frequency,
f ( f1 f 2 )
Doppler Effect:
Apparent frequency,
f' (
v u0
)f
v us
22 Geometrical Optics
r
f=
2
refraction at curved surface,
n1 n 2 n 2 - n 1
u
v
r
lens makers formula,
lens formula,
1
n
1 1
( 2 - 1 )( )
f
n1
r1 r2
1 1 1
f u v
hc
eV
-t
n
1
N = No e
= ( ) No where n = no of half life
2
Reaction energy, Q = [(Mx + mx) (My + my)]c2
TERM 2
12 Electrostatics
12.1 Coulombs law
12.2 Electric field
12.3 Gausss law
12.4 Electric potential
13 Capacitors
13.1 Capacitance
13.2 Parallel plate capacitors
13.3 Dielectrics
13.4 Capacitors in series and in parallel
13.5 Energy stored in a charged capacitor
13.6 Charging and discharging of a capacitor
3 Dynamics
3.1 Newtons laws of motion
3.2 Linear momentum and its conservation
3.3 Elastic and Non-Elastic Collisions
3.4 Centre of mass
3.5 Frictional forces
4 Work, Energy And Power
4.1 Work
4.2 Potential energy and kinetic energy
4.3 Power
3.4 Efficiency
5 Circular Motion
5.1 Angular displacement and angular
velocity
5.2 Centripetal acceleration
5.3 Centripetal force
6 Gravitation
6.1 Newtons law of universal gravitation
6.2 Gravitational field
6.3 Gravitational potential
6.4 Satellite motion in a circular orbit
6.5 Escape velocity
7 Statics
7.1 Equilibrium of particles
7.2 Closed polygon
7.3 Equilibrium of a rigid body
7.4 Frictional forces
8 Deformation Of Solids
8.1 Stress and Strain
8.2 Force-Extension Graph and Stress-Strain
Graph
8.3 Strain Energy
14 Electric Current
14.1 Conduction of electricity
14.2 Drift velocity
14.3 Current density
14.4 Electric conductivity and resistivity
15 Direct Current Circuits
15.1 Internal resistance
15.2 Kirchhoffs laws
15.3 Potential divider
15.4 Potentiometer and Wheatstone bridge
16 Magnetic Fields
16.1 Concept of a magnetic field
16.2 Force on a moving charge
16.3 Force on a current carrying conductor
16.4 Magnetic fields due to currents
16.5 Force between two current-carrying
conductors
16.6 Determination of the ratio e/m
16.7 Hall effect
17 Electromagnetic Induction
17.1 Magnetic flux
17.2 Faradays law and Lenzs law
17.3 Self induction
17.4 Energy stored in an inductor
17.5 Mutual induction
18 Alternating Current Circuits
18.1 Alternating current through a resistor
18.2 Alternating current through an inductor
18.3 Alternating current through a capacitor
18.4 R-C and R-L circuits in series
TERM 3
19 Oscillations
19.1 Characteristics of simple harmonic
motion
19.2 Kinematics of simple harmonic motion
19.3 Energy in simple harmonic motion
19.4 Systems in simple harmonic motion
19.5 Damped oscillations
19.6 Forced oscillations and resonance
20 Wave Motion
20.1 Progressive waves
20.2 Wave intensity
20.3 Principle of superposition
20.4 Standing waves
20.5 Electromagnetic waves
21 Sound Waves
21.1 Propagation of sound waves
21.2 Sources of sound
21.3 Intensity level of sound
21.4 Beat
21.5 Doppler effect
22 Geometrical Optics
22.1 Spherical mirrors
22.2 Refraction at spherical surfaces
22.3 Thin lenses
23 Wave Optics
23.1 Huygenss principle
23.2 Interference
23.3 Two-slit interference pattern
23.4 Interference in a thin film
23.5 Diffraction by a single slit
23.6 Diffraction gratings
23.7 Polarisation
23.8 Optical waveguides
24 Quantum Physics
24.1 Photons
24.2 Wave-particle duality
24.3 Atomic structure
24.4 X-rays
24.5 Nanoscience
25 Nuclear Physics
25.1 Nucleus
25.2 Radioactivity
25.3 Nuclear reactions