Immunology Exam 4 Study Guide* (Ch.

10/11, 14, 15)

Ch. 10/11 T-cell & B-cell Activation
Where are T-cell and B-cells made and where do they mature?
What are T-cells positively selected for?
What are T-cell negatively selected for and what happens to those negatively selected?
What are the co-stimulatory signals?
What happens to the cells do if the co-stimulatory signals are present and interact?
What happens to the cells if the co-stimulatory signals arent present?
What two cells can T-cells become if they are activated by antigen?
What are the class of proteins that shut the process off and how do they work in general?
Where do B-cells mature?
|What happens to B-cells that recognize self?
What 2 cells can B-cells convert into when activated and what is the difference between the two?
What immune organ aids in activation and differentiation of B-cells?
What cells interact with B-cells in the thymus and what co-stimulatory signals are needed?
What does the co-stimulatory signal cause to happen ion B-cells?
What Ig is mainly responsible for the primary response and which is for the secondary response?
Ch. 14 Cell Mediated Response
What happens if you lack a T-cell response?
What are the 2 cell-mediated effector cells?
What are CTLs?
How is CTL activation triggered?
What are the steps in CTL killing?
What are perforins and granzymes?
What are procaspases?
What is an alternative pathway for CTLs to trigger apoptosis?
What is the role of NK cells?
How do NK cells kill?
How are NK cells different from CTLs?
What is the correct way to pronounce apoptosis and why is this the correct way to pronounce it?
Ch. 15 Hypersentivity Reactions
What is hypersensitivity or an allergy?
What is Type I hypersensivity?
What are allergens?
What is the distinguishing factor of type I?
What causes degranulation?
What is atopy?
What is systemic anaphylaxis?
What is localized anaphylaxis?
What is a late-phase reaction?
How is type I hypersensitivity tested for?

How can type I be treated?

What is type II hypersensitivity?
What 2 pathways does type II trigger?
What is a transfusion reaction?
What is hemolytic disease of the newborn?
What is drug-induced hemolytic anemia?
What is type III hypersensitivity?
What is an Arthus Reaction?
What are some diseases associated with type III?
What is type IV hypersensitivity?
Why is it called delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH)?
How can DTH be tested for?
What is contact dermatitis?
Know what distinguishes the different type hypersensitivities.

* note, this study guide does not cover all the material that can be on the exam, it serves merely
as a guide for the majority of topics covered in the exam.