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IS-limiter
ABB
08.09.2014 IS-limiter | 1
IS-limiter
IS-limiter
The world's fastest switching device
Reduces substation cost
Solves short-circuit problems in new
and extended substations
Optimum solution for interconnection
of switchgears and substations
In most cases the only technical solution
Reliability and function proofed in
thousands of installations
In service worldwide
The peak short-circuit current will never
be reached
The short-circuit current is limited at the
very first current rise
ABB
08.09.2014 IS-limiter | 2
IS-limiter
Technical data
Rated voltage
Rated current
Switching capability
0.75 kV
5000 A
140 kA RMS
12.00 kV
4000 A
210 kA RMS
17.50 kV
4000 A
210 kA RMS
24.00 kV
3000 A
140 kA RMS
36.00 kV
2500 A
140 kA RMS
40.50 kV
2500 A
140 kA RMS
ABB
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IS-limiter
Customers
More than 3000 IS-limiters in service in approx. 80 countries
Customers:
Industry
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Paper mills
Refineries
Chemical industries
Car industries
Power stations
Steel-, Aluminum mills
On-Off-shore platforms
Ships / Vessels
Towns utilities
Utilities
Test-laboratories
IS-limiter
Comparison: Is-limiter Circuit-breaker
i
10 - 20
ms
30 - 40
ms
40 - 80
ms
T3 : Arc duration:
10 - 20
ms
90 - 160
ms
t
T0
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T1
T2
T3
IS-limiter
Comparison: Is-limiter Circuit-breaker
i
10 - 20
ms
30 - 40
ms
40 - 80
ms
T3 : Arc duration:
10 - 20
ms
90 - 160
ms
T1
T2
T3
Is-limiter Function
Breaking of a short-circuit current with Is-limiter
250 kA
i
50 kA
u
125 kA
50kA x x 2
i1
50 kA
ABB
08.09.2014 IS-limiter | 7
t
Current curve at the short-circuit location
Is-limiter Function
Breaking of a short-circuit current with Is-limiter
250 kA
i = i1 + i2
without IS-limiter
i
50 kA
50 kA
u
125 kA
50kA x x 2
50 kA
50 kA
ABB
08.09.2014 IS-limiter | 8
i1
t
Current curve at the short-circuit location
Is-limiter Function
Breaking of a short-circuit current with Is-limiter
250 kA
i = i1 + i2
without IS-limiter
i
50 kA
50 kA
u
125 kA
50kA x x 2
50 kA
50 kA
ABB
08.09.2014 IS-limiter | 9
i1
t
Current curve at the short-circuit location
Is-limiter Function
Breaking of a short-circuit current with Is-limiter
250 kA
i = i1 + i2
without IS-limiter
i
50 kA
50 kA
u
125 kA
50kA x x 2
50 kA
i = i1 + i2
with Is-limiter
i1
i2
50 kA
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t
Current curve at the short-circuit location
Is-limiter Function
Insert-holder, insert and current flow
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Is-limiter Structure
Typical System Components
3 CTs
3 Tripping
units
3 Inserts holders
with inserts
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Is-limiter Structure
Truck mounted panel
Type tested
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IAC A FLR
Is-limiter Reliability
Is-limiter as protection device at highest level
Self monitoring
Redundancy
(separate independent system for each phase)
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Test equipment
(quick, complete and easy test by user)
Is-limiter Reliability
Test equipment
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Test equipment
Is-limiter Function
Detection of short-circuit currents
i
1
t
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Short-circuit current
without IS-limiter
Is-limiter Function
Detection of short-circuit currents
i
1
ilimit
t
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Short-circuit current
without IS-limiter
Is-limiter Function
Detection of short-circuit currents
ilimit ^ (di/dt)
^ = logical and
1
2
2
di
dt 2
( )
ilimit
t
ABB
08.09.2014 IS-limiter | 18
Short-circuit current
without IS-limiter
Short-circuit current
- IS-limiter tripped -
Is-limiter Function
Detection of short-circuit currents
ilimit ^ (di/dt)
^ = logical and
1
Short-circuit current
without IS-limiter
2 Short-circuit current
- IS-limiter tripped 3 Overcurrent
- IS-limiter not tripped 4 Peak value of
service current
2
di
dt 2
( )
ilimit
( didt)3
3
4
t
ABB
08.09.2014 IS-limiter | 19
Is-limiter Function
Sequence of tripping
T0: Time to cross tripping criteria
(threshold current ilimit and gradient di/dt)
T1: Response time of electronic
~15 s
T2: Time to break main current path
and commutate current to fuse
~85 s
~500 s
T3: Melting time of fuse
T4: Arc duration in fuse
i
iC
iB
iA
T1T2 T3
T4
Is-limiter Application
Is-limiter mounted in bus section
Advantages:
Reducing networkimpedance
ABB
08.09.2014 IS-limiter | 21
Is-limiter Application
Is-limiter in generator feeder
Advantages:
Connecting gennerator
independent of grid's
short-circuit capability
Separate generator
breaker needless
ABB
08.09.2014 IS-limiter | 22
Is-limiter Application
Is-limiter in parallel to reactor
Advantages:
Avoid voltage
drop of reactor
Avoid electro-magnetic
field of reactor
Greenhouse aspects
(CO2 and heating)
ABB
08.09.2014 IS-limiter | 23
Is-limiter Application
Connection of a generator to a
network with current-direction comparison
Advantages:
Connect private /
industrial generator
feeder to the fully loaded
grid 1
Selective tripping
of the IS-limiter
(Tripping only at faults
within grid section 1 ,
not at faults within grid
sections 2 )
perm.
perm.
Tripping
IS-limiter
No Tripping
IS-limiter
ABB
08.09.2014 IS-limiter | 24
Is-limiter Application
Distributed power generation
IPP:
Independent
Power
Producer
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Is-limiter Application
Distributed power generation
Benefits for IPPs:
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Redundancy
Is-limiter Application
Is-limiter with summation of currents
Advantages:
Reducing
network-impedance
Greenhouse aspects
(CO2 and heating)
ABB
08.09.2014 IS-limiter | 27