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1. By Yegetaneh T
Planning
Planning
Directing
Directing
Goals
Goals
Outputs
Outputs
Transformation
Transformation processes
processes
Organizing
Organizing
Controlling
Controlling
Top
Top Management
Management
Management
Management
Low
Low Level
Level Management
Management
Fig. 1.2 Levels of Management
Top management
Top management
Middle management
Middle management
Low level management
Low level management
Human
Human
involves supervision of the workers on the shop floor. Effective supervision, guidance, direction
and coordination of the work performed by the subordinates, therefore depends on the technical
skill possessed by the lower level managers.
Conceptual skill is the ability to see the organization as a whole, to recognize inter-relationships
among different functions of the business and external forces and to guide effectively the
organizational efforts. Conceptual skill extend to visualizing the relation of the organization to
industry, to the community and to the political, economic and social forces of the nation as a
whole and even to forces which operate beyond the national boundaries. It is a creative force
within the organization which is concerned with design and problem solving. A high degree of
conceptual skill helps in analyzing the environment and in identifying the opportunities and
threats.
Human relation skills are primarily concerned with persons as contrasted with things. Human
skill refers to the ability to work effectively with others and build cooperative group relations to
achieve organizational objectives. It is the ability to work with, understand and motivate people.
He understands why people behave as they do and is able to make his own behavior
understandable to them. He can foresee their reactions to possible courses of action and is able to
take their attitudes in to account.
Conceptual
Conceptual
Technical
Technical
Fig. 1.3 Managerial Skills
1. By Yegetaneh T