The Future of Optical Networking

Rajiv Ramaswami
rajivr@cisco.com
Acknowledgement: Ori Gerstel
Session Number
Presentation_ID

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Optical Market Forecast (WW in $M)

35000
30000
25000
20000
15000
10000
5000
0
1999

2000
DWDM-LH

2001

2002

DWDM-Metro

2003
SONET

2004
SDH

2005
DCS

2006

OCS

Post bubble growth is modest

Capex driven by revenue; metro emphasis
Bulk of spending still in SONET/SDH, not WDM
Presentation_ID

Industry consolidation
2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Technology Adoption in the Network

MSPP: Multi-service provisioning platforms
TDM and packet services over SONET
MSSP: Multi-service switching platforms
STS-level optical (electrical) cross connect
Node consolidation, mesh networking
MSTP: Multi-service transport platforms
Optimize multiservice TDM, stat mux + DWDM
Dynamic optical networks
Time-of-day & BOD connections
Packet switching / Burst switching

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Presentation_ID

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Never?
3

MSPP MSSP MSTP: how do they fit in?

Inter Office Metro/Regional
200+km, 10Gb, Multiservice

MSPP
MSPP
CO/POP
Access
Collector
Multiservice
Provisioning
Multiservice
Provisioning
50-80 km,
2.5 Gb & 10 Gb, Multiservice
Platform
Platform

Intra-Metro/Regional
Transport Fabric

Access/Collector
Transport Fabric

DS-1
DS-1to
toOC-192
OC-192TDM
TDM
10/100Mb
10/100Mband
andGbE
GbE

Access/Collector
Transport Fabric
Access/Collector
Transport Fabric

Presentation_ID

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Access
AccessMSPP
MSPP
DS-1
DS-1to
toOC-48
OC-48TDM
TDM
10/100Mb
10/100Mband
andGbE
GbE

Metro/Regional Hub
Edge Switching/Routing
Multi-band Cross-connect
Customer Aggregation
Point, POP or Co-Lo

Integrated
IntegratedITU
ITUoptics
optics

CPE
Service
Rings

CPE Service Rings

10-20 km, Service Aggregation
4

MSPP MSSP MSTP: how do they fit in?

MSSP
MSSP
Multiservice
MultiserviceSwitching
Switching
Platform
Platform
320
320Gb/s
Gb/sto
toMulti
MultiTb/s
Tb/s
DS3
DS3to
toOC-192
OC-192TDM
TDM
Non-blocking
Non-blockingVC-4
VC-4/ /STS-1
STS-1
Cross-connect
Cross-connectMatrix
Matrix
ITU
ITUOptics
Optics
1Gb/s
1Gb/s&&10Gb/s
10Gb/sEthernet
Ethernet

Presentation_ID

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

MSPP MSSP MSTP: how do they fit in?

ONS
ONS15454
15600MSPP
MSSP

Access/Collector
Transport Fabric

ONS
15454
15600MSPP
MSSP
Inter OfficeONS
Metro/Regional
Multiservice
Platform
200+km, 10Gb,
Multiservice
Multiservice
Switching
Multiservice
Platform
Multiservice
Switching
MSTP
MSTP
Support
for
E1/DS-1
to
STM128,
2.5G
or
32,
10G
Support
for
E1/DS-1
to
STM128,
2.5G
or
32,
10G
DWDM
with
MSPP
software
DWDM
with
MSPP
software
CO/POP
Access
Collector
Intra-Metro/Regional
64/OC-192,
as
well
as
SDH/SONET
in
aasingle
64/OC-192,
as
well
as
SDH/SONET
in
single
intelligence
Transport Fabric
intelligence
50-80 10/100Mb
km,
2.5
Gb
&
10
Gb,
Multiservice
chassis
10/100Mb
andGbE
GbEin
inaa
chassis and
Access
through
regional
single
Access
through
regional
singlechassis
chassis
Non-blocking
VC-4
/ /STS-1
Non-blocking
VC-4
STS-1
reach
(100s
of
km)
reach
(100s
ofoptics
km)
Integrated
ITU
with
Cross-connect
Matrix
Integrated
ITU optics
Cross-connect
Matrixwith
Access/Collector
Flexible
OADMs
32,
wavelengths
Flexible
OADMs
32,100Ghz
100Ghz
wavelengths
Transport Fabric
Scalable
to
Scalable to2048,
2048,2.5G
2.5G
Robust,
carrier-class
DWDM
Access/Collector
NEBS3
&&carrier-class
OSMINE
System
Robust,
DWDM
NEBS3
OSMINEcertified
certified
System
Transport Fabric

Metro/Regional Hub
Edge Switching/Routing
Multi-band Cross-connect
Customer Aggregation
Point, POP or Co-Lo

Presentation_ID

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

CPE
Service
Rings

Optics
ITU
Services
Optics
ITU
Services
1Gb
Ethernet
10GigE,
GigE,
ESCON,
1Gb&&10Gb
10Gb
Ethernet
10GigE,
GigE,
ESCON,Fiber
Fiber
Channel,
Channel,SDH/SONET
SDH/SONET150M
150M
to
to10G
10G
CPE Service Rings
10-20 km, Service Aggregation
6

Innovations for Multiservice over

SONET/SDH Service Delivery
Deploying advanced services is
key to profitability
Ethernet, Video, VoIP, and SAN
Interconnect key service needs
QoS is necessary for advanced
services and providing SLAs
Cisco IOS provides advanced perpacket, per port QoS
Packet Multiplexing is crucial for
network efficiency and scale
Cisco technology innovations
(MPLS, RPR, EoS) enable this
SONET/SDH will need to become
more efficient
GFP, CCAT, VCAT, and LCAS all
offer incremental improvements
Presentation_ID

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Advanced Services

QoS Engine

Packet Multiplexing to the

Transport Layer

Data-Optimized SONET/SDH
7

Data Transport Evolution

Internet,
IXC LH handoff and/or
ILEC Regional Net

Enterprise B
SONET/SDH Ring
Enterprise A

SONET/SDH Ring
Enterprise A

Ethernet Private Line: point-to-point

pipe interconnecting end customer
sites (line rate or bandwidth scaled)

SONET/SDH Ring

Transparent LAN Service: LAN

Enterprise C

Enterprise C
Enterprise B

Presentation_ID

Enterprise C

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

extension between several sites

Internet Access: point-to-point

connection, customer site to POP

Data Transport Evolution

Point to point
Point to multi point
Shared Ring

Internet,
IXC LH handoff and/or
ILEC Regional Net

Enterprise B
SONET/SDH Ring
Enterprise A

SONET/SDH Ring
Enterprise A

Ethernet and IP switching and QoS

Integrated Ethernet switching and IP routing
VLAN support (802.1Q and QinQ)
Diff-serv QoS implementation

SONET/SDH Ring

Enterprise
C Ethernet transport over SONET
Efficient

Enterprise C
Enterprise B

Presentation_ID

LEX, PPP/BCP and Cisco HDLC encapsulation

GFP encapsulation
HO-VCAT and LO-VCAT with LCAS
RPR

Enterprise C

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

What about the Near Future?

Topic
Electrical mesh
protection
Optical control plane/
GMPLS

When?
2002-2004
2005-

Why?
Reduced bandwidth makes sense,
but complicated to get right
Initial application for scalability,
reduced network mgt cost

Flexible OADMs

2003-

Future application for dynamic

services
Flexible initially, ROADMs later

Photonic switching

2006-

Electrical switching good enough

Incorporated into ROADMs

Presentation_ID

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

10

What about the Far Future?

Topic
All-optical mesh
protection
Burst switching

When?
Far out

Packet switching

Never?

Interoperability at the
optical layer

Never?

Presentation_ID

Far out

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Why?
Complicated and requires
advances in optical technology
Not as challenging as packet
switching, but must be justified
over simple optical bypass +
sophisticated electrical routers
Too many challenges with ns-level
optics and sophisticated logic at
this layer
Too complicated. Single-vendor
islands are good enough

11

Presentation_ID

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

12

Other potential topics for discussion (let me

know which ones to expand upon)

Why stat muxing should be part of the transport layer?

(interesting for the infocom crowd) we have good slides on
this
The future of ULH, 40G and up
How everything changes if OEOs become real cheap AON
may go away or become a band level solution
Photonic switching (from 1000 port OOO to OADM w varying
levels of agility)
Fully automated photonic layer (pre-deployment issue)

Presentation_ID

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

13

MSTP Architecture
: 150M to 10G

DWDM

Fiber
ADM/
DCS

Packet
Switch

Transponder
Muxponder

Gigabit Ethernet

Three Core Functions:

1. SONET/SDH transport with
TDM aggregation
2. Native Ethernet, IP, SAN
switching and aggregation
3. Intelligent DWDM with
wavelength services
Presentation_ID

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Internet

10G
1

VoIP

LAN

SDH/SONET
2.5G
600M
150M
E-3/DS-3

Streamlines CapEx
14