Chapter 5 - Theoretical framework and hypothesis development

1.Examples of variables are age, need for cognition, and power distance.
Correct Answer : True
2.Need for cognition can differ at various times for the same object or person, or at the same
time for different objects or persons.
Correct Answer : True
3.A theoretical framework represents your beliefs on how certain phenomena (or variables or
concepts) are related to each other (a model) and an explanation on why you believe that these
variables are associated to each other (a theory).
Correct Answer : True
4.The process of building a theoretical framework includes an operationalization of the concepts
or variables in the model.
Correct Answer : False
5.A ____________ has a strong contingent effect on the independent variable-dependent
variable relationship.
Moderating variable.

Mediating variable.
Intervening variable.
Confounding variable.

Correct Answer : Moderating variable.

6.A hotel manager believes that customer satisfaction a positive effect on customer loyalty. In
turn, He thinks that customer satisfaction increases when the employees of the hotel are
responsive to customer needs and the hotels physical facilities are visually appealing. What
would be the intervening variable here?
Responsiveness.

Service quality.
Customer satisfaction.

Customer loyalty.

Correct Answer : Customer satisfaction.

7.A research study indicates that the willingness of the employees to learn new ways of doing
things is not inuenced by the quality of the training programs offered by the organizations to all
people without any distinction. Only those with high growth needs seem to have the yearning to
learn to do new things through specialized training. In this study growth needs is the:
Independent variable.
Dependent variable.
Moderating variable.
Mediating variable.

Correct Answer : Moderating variable.

8.One of the conditions that should be met to establish that a change the independent variable
causes a change in the dependent variable is that the independent and the dependent variable
should covary: in other words, a change in the dependent variable should be associated with a
change in the independent variable.
Correct Answer : True
9.Another term for dependent variable is predictor variable.
Correct Answer : False
10.The theoretical framework is a logically developed, described, and elaborated network of
associations among the variables deemed relevant to the problem situation.
Correct Answer : True
11.The theoretical framework is identified through such processes as interviews, observations,
and literature survey. Experience and intuition also guide in developing the theoretical
framework.
Correct Answer : True
12.A theory attempts to explain relationships between the variables in your model: an
explanation should be provided only for the most important relationships that are theorized to
exist among the variables.
Correct Answer : False
13.Theory is needed in basic research and in applied research

Correct Answer : True

14.Another term for moderating variable is mediating variable.
Correct Answer : False
15.An alternative hypothesis (H1) is a hypothesis set up to be rejected in order to support the
null hypothesis, labeled H0.
Correct Answer : False
16.Women are smaller than men is an example of a directional hypothesis.
Correct Answer : True

Chapter 6 - Elements of research design

1.Which of the following is most suitable when the objective of a study is explain the effect of
job satisfaction on job loyalty?
Exploratory research.

Descriptive research.
Causal research.
Experimental research.

Correct Answer : Causal research.

2.What cannot be seen as purpose of a descriptive study?
Understanding the dependent variable.
To understand the characteristics of a group.
To offer ideas for further probe and research.
To help make certain simple decisions.

Correct Answer : Understanding the dependent variable.

3.A bank manager wants to have a profile of the individuals who have loan payments
outstanding for 6 months and more. It would include details of their average age, earnings,
nature of occupation, full-time/part-time employment status, and the like. This might help him to
elicit further information or decide right away on the types of individuals who should be made
ineligible for loans in the future. In this case the most suitable method of investigation is:
Exploratory research.
Descriptive research.
Causal research.
Experimental research.

Correct Answer : Descriptive research.

4.A marketing manager wants to know if the sales of the company will increase if he doubles the
advertising dollars. In this case the most suitable method of investigation is:
Exploratory research.
Descriptive research.
Causal research.
Experimental research.

Correct Answer : Causal research.

5.Methodological rigor increases as we move progressively from an exploratory study to a
hypothesis-testing study, and with this, the costs of research also increase.
Correct Answer : True
6.The extent of interference by the researcher with the normal flow of work at the workplace has
a direct bearing on whether the study undertaken is causal or correlational.
Correct Answer : True
7.A causal study is conducted in the natural environment of the organization with minimum
interference by the researcher with the normal flow of work.
Correct Answer : False
8.Correlational studies done in organizations are called field experiments.
Correct Answer : False

9.Studies conducted to establish cause-and-effect relationship using the same natural

environment in which employees normally function are called field studies.
Correct Answer : False
10.The unit of analysis refers to the level of aggregation of the data collected during the
subsequent data analysis stage.
Correct Answer : True
11.____________ studies are also necessary when some facts are known, but more information
is needed for developing a viable theoretical framework.
Exploratory.
Descriptive.
Causal.
Experimental.

Correct Answer : Exploratory.

12.Whether a study is a causal or a correlational one depends on the way the questionnaire is
structured.
Correct Answer : False
13.The number of respondents that fill in a questionnaire determines the unit of analysis.
Correct Answer : False
14.A study can be done in which data are gathered just once, perhaps over a period of days or
weeks or months, in order to answer a research question. Such studies are called longitudinal
studies.
Correct Answer : False
15.Data were collected from stock brokers between April and June of last year to study their
concerns in a turbulent stock market. Data with respect to this particular research had not been
collected before, nor will they be collected again from them for this research. This is an example
of a:
Cross-sectional study.
Longitudinal study.
Exploratory study.

Case study.

Correct Answer : Cross-sectional study.

16.Knowledge of research design details also helps managers to study and intelligently comment
on research proposals.
Correct Answer : True
17.A survey is a system for collecting information from or about people to describe, compare, or
explain their knowledge, attitudes, and behavior
Correct Answer : True
18.Action research involves going into the natural setting of people, watching what they do, and
describing, analyzing, and interpreting what one has seen.
Correct Answer : False