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PUNJAB

MANUAL
OF

llr!I,STR UCTIONS
GN

tl1edico-lega,l Examination

-----

For medical officers only

lVlediC;:al Officers must record. at least t.wo No. 39s2id.


marks of identification in the medico-legal dt. 1-4-35.
r.eports.
Submission of medico-legal reports of No. 1651 0 ,
cases brought in or sent by the police should dated
not be delayed on any account.. In all cases in 10" 2 " 36
which delay is unavoidable for good reasons
in{ormation to this effect should be sent
immediately to the police as well as Civil
Surgeon.
I

women doctors should be called upon to No. 38861 G


examine \Yomen medico-legal cases only when dated
'
the patients definitely refuse examination by 17" 4 36
a male doctor. If, however, lady doctors are
called upon to do medico-legal work, they
5ho.uld not refuse to do medico-legal work on
behalf of Government and . they must be
prepared to go into the witness hox if required
to do so.

Medical Officers may specify that an No. 11135/G,


injury is self inflicted only in those cases in ~~~~~37
which this is quite obvious. They should,

however, refrain from committing themselves


on this point in doubtful cases.

2
Civil Surgeons are required to supervise
great care the medico-legal work done
by Government medi~al officers and to bring
to the notice of this office any medico-legal
case .in which the conduct of a medical officer
. is found to be of.suspicious nature or displays
n~gligence or carelessness.

No. 11706/G

g9~9?38.

with

No .fees should be charged by Civil


Surgeon or other Government medical officers
for medico-legal examinations of the. injured
9
dated
persons who have already exam~ned by
!1i'6: 38J~ another medical officer in any cases in which
the Crown is the complainant. If medical
officer .is in doubt as the nature or cause of an
.injury he should record a finding to the effect
. that the,. police should obtain the views of
..another Government doctor.

No. 9440 _0
aated
.
~~~1-] 1;410

.
If a Civil . Surgeon is suspicious of the
conduCt of a medical officer in a police case
and desires to examine the case himself he
should always do so in his official capacity and
should not charge any fee for it.
No, ll~O/G,

Medical Officers may issue a certificate of


f~t1C:.~ 9 ;~ injuries to a private party in a:case in which
the par:ty had already reported to the police
provided the injured persons or his guardian
give an affidavit to the effect that the police
were not proceeding in the rna t!ter either of
their own accord or at the instance of a
Magistrate.
No. l87o/G.
dateu
18 2 39
al1"C." 8 s. to

'l~he issue of false medical certificate in


medico-legal case either dishonestly or
through incompetence will be severely dealt
with and may result even in dismissal. from
service.

3
A woman when broughJt for medico-legal No. 5765/G,
examination . by the police should not be ~~~~~4o.
examined without. her consent and without a
written order from the Magistrate addressed
to the medical officer to this effect.
Medical Practitioner attached 1to subsi- No.6 138-G-I
. d d.1spensanes
. are d eb arre d f rom und er- dated
d1ze
:o-4-4o.
taking medico-legal of any description but
they must tre.at suspected cases of POISONING
AND ALL SERIOUSLY INJURED CASES
requiring immediate treatment whenever
called upon to do so.
Copies of injury reports recorded in the ~f.' ~~;?~u
outdoor register should not be issued by the I0-7-40.
Medical .Practitioner attached to suhsidized
dispensaries.
Government medical Officers may examine
medico-legal cases brought by the police
which have already been examined by a
Private Medical Practitioner and it does not
matter if the opinion of the Government
Medical Officer c-onflicts with that of the
private doctor.
All medico-legal cases of se.rious , i~jl.lry j;':,>:
o: of poisonine: admitted to. a hospitaL .ot~:~ .. 115101,
dispensary whether brought In by the pollee aated 5/4.
or not. shouJd be reported to the police, in to all c. Ss
writing at the nearest thana as soon as
possible and in any case within 24liours_ of
aCfriliSSion.
An acknowledgement of the
nolice official receiving the report should" be
kept in the hospital record.

4
'

No. 1369/GI,
dated
8-11-41.

Women doctors in Government service


should not be called upon to conduct the
examination of men except b~ys under 12 in
mectico-legal cases (even ,police cases) for
the purpose of giving a certificate and .appearing in court for evidence.
In all urgent cases necessary medical and
surgical aJitd must, however, be given by
women doctors.

No. 17389/
G-1. dated
2-11-42.

Medical Officers should use their own


discretion in the matter of classification of
InJuries. . In doubtful cases they should seek
the; advice. of the Civil Surgeons and report
the matter to the police.
[

No. 6597/GI,

1;~;~43..

Para 596(b) of the Punjab Medical


Manual is not applicable to medical officersin;-ch~rge ~ur~l disp~nsaries. .. They can
examme pnvate med1co-legal cases (noncognizable) in their capacitv as- a private
medical practitioner, if the District Board
concerned has no objection.
The cases of grievious hurt who go to the

No 110 - 4101 medical officers incharge of Rural Dispendat'cd ..


'saries for examination and certificate should
276- 44
be treated in the same manner as if they

were sent by the police for the purpose of


credit of the prescribed fee of Rs. 2 (two) only
per case to the District Board concerned provided rthe police actually take cognizance of
the case.

5
Medical ofiice,rs shall ndt interest them- No. 10477. any way in t h e nego t'Ia~wns
.4-'
f or com- GI
dated
selves m
3-7-1944
promiSe between the parties involved in t 0 all C.Ss.
medico-legal cases and will not wait for their
decisions before sending their reports to the
police.
If injured persons are brought at night ~~~Jg~7i 0
their medico-legal examination should not 1944 to all
be delayed until the next morning.
If, c. ss.
owing to the lack of day light definite opinion
on certain injuries cannot be given a note to
this effect shall be made by .the medical
officer in the medico-legal report.
Such
cases shall be examined again invariably,
sent to the police if a change of opinion is
made or new confusion etc. found.

According to the dictionary meaning the No. 11571/


word "fracture" both as noun and verb when ?3~7-~~~f..
a bone is broken into two pieces it is a fracture irrespective of the relative sizes of the
pieces and similarly it will be fracture if a
crack, division or spli't has been caused in a
If the crack extends only a part or
bone..
the way through the thickness or a continuity
of ihe subqtances of the bone.
The above
should serve only as a general guide and
medical officers are expected to use their own
discretion and judgment in such cases as they
are themselves responsible for ~he opinion
expressed by them.

No.l73lGM dated
4-2-1950.

When the police drops a case it becomes


a private case and as such the exammmg
medical officer should be entitled to the usual
fee of Rs. 4 for issuing a dupljcate copy of
the medical certificate to the injured and such
cases should be treated under para 596(b) of
the Punjab Medical Manual.

No. 3070/GI
dated
4-1950
10 au c. ss.

All head injury cases should be examined


persona 11y b y th e me d'Ica 1 ofJ'"leers t h emse 1ves.

No. t3oso-.
GIIKasauh '
dated 19-7I95J.

As free medico-legal examination . of


police cases does not cover free medical
treatment in paying wards of the hospitals,
such medico-legal cases as e lect to be treated
in private wards are ito pay the prescribed
charges for room rent, medical officer's
visits etc.

No. szs3HB-s3/342t
1~~~~ 24 _1_

:Quplic~te -~ies~ __th~ ___rpe_c1i_~.Q::Je_gal


certificates may be issued to courts_ and other
off!cTaJsT.iufhorit1es -withfn tne-P\inJaE--sfate
free of 'cliarge. arid the "fees as prescribed in
paragraph [ci)-aoovebe cnargea-rroll} private
individuals 1parties I other states or administrations 'in India.

7.
: 69 - 81 1
In some of the medico-legal
post-mortem Gli
No. 4dated
cases the medical officers on subsequent 18-::.-195~. :EJ
interrogation by the police, give revised
opinion as to the nature of the injury or
about the cause of death and do not send
information to that effect to the Civil Surgeon.
This practice is mosit objectionable from
administrative point of view as the Civil
Surgeon being the representative of the
Health Department in the District must be
kept informed of all the developments at all
stages in medico-legal and post-mortem cases.
It may, therefore, please be :impressed upon
all concerned that they should s,upply the
Civil Surgeon with a copy of any information which may be supplied to the police
authorities on their subsequent interrogation

or which they may like to send of their own


accord about any change of their opinion ~n..
such cases. In post-mortem cases if any
correspondence i's .. held between a Medical
Officer and the Chemical Examiner t 0
Government Punjab, a copy of the same
should always be supplied ~o ~he Civil
Surgeon of the District. concerned.

If
,an
'iniured is.. kept
unoer observati_on No. 14739
.
--,....--,- -.------- .... - , Gil dated
and 1s sent fOr ~n X-ray the inJured .Will 7o-s-J 9ss.
depOsittilefee in __!_he 'firsf}ils"Th_ri;ce and in
case the Tnfu:rV is "C1edared 'sim.Pl~:tneree
willbe rete1ined and If -it -is declared greVious,
thex=-Rai f~ll af.l ~he fee charged by
the first examfiiiii~f -medfcaT-officer ---is .!fO -be
refunded and 'the polrce-rmormed.---This
procedure is aaopre-aonk_in_caseE._where theinjured has not come ~hrough the police.

8
No. 2579725811-GII,
dated 209

Medico-legal certificates for injuries of


non-cognizable nature to persons belonging
to other Illaq as may be issued by the
Medical Officers of nearest hospital/ dispensary where the person received tlie "injury,
provided the injured person gives an affidavirt
that he was injured in the ilaqa of t;he
hospital/ dispensary concerned.

'19.55.

No. 382-461/

It has been observed that some Medical

~~~ 19ct;J,ed. Officers in the first instance charge medico-

.. :

r .
-~

10675-GII
:1 ared 24-41957.

legal fee from cases of injury kept under


observation and then refund, the same in
cases which are found to be cognizable. This
practice causes misunderstanding in the
mind of publfc. It is, ttherefore, circulatea for
the' guidance of all concerned that medico-legal
.fee is hot to be charged in advance in cases
kept under observation. It is to be charged
only when the injuries are found to be slight
and a certificate is demanded by the injured.
In case the injury entered in the register
at the time of admission later on turns out to
be sfmple in nature, the fee can be charged
by th~c.al_ofli_cer, provided H is not . .a
police case.
The fee cannot be charged if
the injured does not demand the certificate
on decla-r:c:ttion__of__t.h~_jnjuries as--s1ight. No
fee is to be charged in advance from the
cases kept under observation, until the re~mlt
is confirmed. No fee is to be charged for the
issue of a certificate if injury is gdevous.

A Civil Assistant Surgeon Class II (NG) ~d'il~~ys


referred a medico-legal case to the neareshi273-309,
hospital for X-Ray ' but while referring thedated28-ll1957.
case he did not issue regular dispensary outdoor ticket under his signature nor did he
give clear instructions in a note recorded
thereon for X-ray examination as to from
which Government hospital the patient was
to go for this examination. Such a practice
is not only objectionable but it also reflects
adversely on the efficiency of a doctor. It is
requested, therefore, tha1t all Medical Officers
serving under you should
please be
directed to : outdoor
(i) use regular dispensary
tickets, and
----:r-(ii) give clear instructions in a note for.
X-ray laboratory etc. examination
as to the specific hospital from
which the examination is to be got
done.
All the Medical Officers who perform the No. 14121post-mortem examination should be directed 3GII-58/213.
1 h

. 32, dateu
to supp y t e copies of post-mortem reports m 4-1-1958.
the cases of deaths in mines to the officers of
the Mines :Department free of cost as and
when required.
Sometimes railway employees,
their No. tG Med
families aJ?d passei?!!ers when injuredd. _as a :~~~~5~atr.d
result of r::nJwav accJdent are removed 1rect- from the
ly to the Civil Hospit<:tls by the Police or the ~l~:~n
?tatioTl staff. without having b~en previously Baroda
ex::Jmined by the Railway Doctors.
The ~~~h~~ New
Railway Doctors in such cases h<we to submit Endst. No.
iniurv medical reuort to the railway adminis- ~~'%9~?.oo2,
IntraHon. I shflll be f!)::Jd if vo11 olease issue dated 24-2instructions to the MPdical Officers Inch:uge 1958
of Civil Hospitals to afford necessary facilities

10
to the Railway Doctors for examination of
such cases and where the case had already
been discharged from the hospital a copy of
the medical report including X-ray findings
if any may please be given on demand t 0 the
Railway Doctors.
No. JGII58/5855-93
dated 24-31958.

Whenever any doctor is required to


attend the court he/she takes the copy of the
medico-legal examination report by removing
the same from the register which is irregular
and objectionable.
It has, therefore, been
decided that every Medical Officer should
maintain
his/her
separate
med.ico-legal
register.

All the cadaveric remains should be sent


.to Anatomy Department of the Medical
dated 3-4- College, Amritsar in a sealed container along
1958.
with a legible copy of the post-mortem.
examination report and all other connected
papers submitted by the Police.
All these
papers as well the the post-morte_m report will
be returned to the Medical Officers concerned
after examination by the Anatomy Department.

~o.

34T93GII-58,
8936-86

No. 2552GII-59/
3484-3584
dated 21-21959.

Operators must sign on the Operation


Registers themselves on all CC'Ises that thev
have operated, in adnition io signing on the
be>d-head tickets of thP patients ~s the
Operation R-Pgisters ~rP Medico-Legal documfmt in addition to being reccrds of statistical value.

No. 31622GTI-59/
8824-74
dated 9-41959.

CivH Assistant Surf!eon r:lass IT (Nongazetted) are not authorizcd to conduct tht'
post-mortem examination.

11
It is emphas'ized on all Medical Officers
that in all cases of head lllJUries, whilst
examining these cases, they should pay particular attention to ascertain, if at ~the time of
examination there were any symptoms of
brain injury and for this purpose they should
note the detailed history of the case.

By paying attention of these symptoms


and noting the history of the case, especially
unconsciousness immediately after accident
and physical examination th~y will be able to
assess any brain injury and treat the cas~"
accordingly and explain the subsequent
symptoms and conditions of the case.
Apart from other details required to be ~oi ~J.I
given in the medico-legal forms, particular 3~~ Sated
attention sho~ld be given to 1he completion 5-51960.
of the chart.
It is highly essential that the
charge should be completed in a manner so
as. to show the exact location and direction of
the jnjuries so that both the courts . and
Medical Officers an:~ guided by the same
during the trial of the case.
Medical Officer
Incharge
Mortuary No. 13042should insert. the entries therein r:gularly ~~/17~~6 6
and promptly mentioning .the followmg for dated 1S-J 1
referenct=>s in the Courts as aDd when 1960
required:Name and address of the dead body.
Date and hour at which the dead body
is brought to the mortuary.

Name of the ocrson escort ing tlw d0ad


body.

12
No. 3GII.... ..... ............ The issue .of this circular
, 60/38572-621
dated 21-12- do not realise the seriousness of concomitant
1960
injury to the brain in cases of head injury.

In most cases this error occurs because due


importance is not attached to the realization
of the latent interval which occurs in all
cases of .extra Dural haemorrhage. Attention
is further drawn to the importance of
penetrating injuries in the region of the upper
eyelids in children which are very likely 1to
penetrate into the brain. Therefore all cases
of pen~trating injuries about the upper eyelid
in children or even in adults should be
specially examined to deal with any injury to
the brain and removal of any foreign body
etc.
'

No. 4695
The medical officer to whom a Govern3GII-60/

. 40786-s 27
ment
employee approaches for recommenddated 26-12 ing a spell of 4 days leave or less should
1960

.
d ec IaraLIOn f rom a
G overnmen
.
t
obt am
employee on a certificate issued to 'h im in the
following manner : ,!.

"I do hereby solemnly declare that


I am not already on a spell of
4 days leave .. or less on medical
grounds on the strength of a certificate from another doctor".
No. t74R2506/GII(3}
dated 26-51961.

As post-mortem reports are jmportant


documents particular care shouJrl be taken
by them to see that these are written legjbly
and ar.e free from spelling and other mistakes.

13
According to the standing department No. 392!3.mstruciwns
..
.
92-GII( 3)41,
a ll me d'1co- l ega l cases of ser1ous
c.ated 27-U.nature injury or of poisoning admitted to a i?_ 6~ 8' 0 a11
hospital or dispensary whether brought in

by the police or not, should be reported to


the police in writing at the nearest Thana
as soon as possible and in any case within
24 hours of admission and an acknowledgement of the police official receiving the report
should be kept in the hospital record.
A question has also arisen whether a
wound caused by a Fire Arm, even though
simple in nature, be considered as simple
injury or grevious.
In this connection it
may be stated that even a simple injury
caused by a Fire Arm may be regarded as
dangerous by a Court of Law, whereas from
the medical point of view it may not be a
grievous injury. There is thus a lacuna in a
case wherein a person who has been fired at
by a Fire Arm but has not actually suffered
grevious injuries on his body, may not be
regarded as grevious hurt by the Medical
Officer who is not expected to know all the
implications of the case.
In order, therefore, to avoid a'ny legal complications in such
cases; it has been decided that all 1DJuries
caused by a Fire Arm jf they are simple in
nature should nereportea-tOtlie police in
wrWng as is -done In 'the cases mentioned in
above para.
These instructions should
please be brought ~to the notice of all lhe
medical officers for strict compliance.

14
No. IOrS4-

In order to prevent the recurrence of such


embarrassing situation ill; has been decided
that whenever a material discrepancy is
noticed by a Medical Officer while conducting
a second medico-legal
or
post-mortem
examination of a person who had previously
been examined by some other Medical
Officer, the Medical Officer conducting the
second Medical examination should refer
such person to the Civil Surgeon for conducting the necessary medico-legal/postmortem examination.
The Medical Practitioner (Doctor) under
No. DHS102-GII/95 I the present Jaw has to apprar as a witness to
6684-7885
reported, by
dated 13-3- prove the facts which he has
1962.
oral testimony court.
For this purpose l:-1~
is summoned to a Court. These summons
should always be obeyed. In a cr'iminn ~
case he .is given a certificate of court attendance which enables him to __QffiW his Travelling .and DaiJ.y Allowance :from his department. In civil cases a fee called 'Conduct
Money' sho{il<fbe- p~dd c~-Dssur-edt;o -be paid
wfieri___ tTie-summons are delivered.
The
summons of a court should always be obeyed
as fi~st priority.
Doctor should be prompt
and punctual in his attend<mcc and not leave
the court without permissJon of the presiding
officer.
GII(4)61f
1196-1296,
dated 1S-11962,

All testimony in courts is oral but the


witness can refresh his mcn1ory by consulting
the reports already made. It is advised that
this refreshing of memory should be more
frequently and more thoroughly mf\de use of.
Since the doctor has not control over the
time that elapsed between the drawing of the
report and appearance in court he should be

15

careful to write a complete report so that he


is never put in a position to reply solely upon
Eventually this will lead to
his memory.
embarrassment or serious error on the witness
stand. Therefore it behaviours the investigat-or to write a complete and accurate report.
The greatest care should be exercised in
writing a report to obviate the possibility of
capital being made by the opposing side out
of any loose wording or careless statement.
The report should give the date, time, place
of examination, name, age, sex and identification and also names of those who identified
in the case of dead bodies.
The notes of all findings should be complete and ac:curate and the skeleton diagram
in the post-mortem and medico-legal register
should be usea to indicate the exact situation
of the. injuries. The opinion based on facts
noted should be stated briefly, clearly and
cautiously. If an injury or cause of death is
not clear it may be reported that an .opinion

cannot be given.
The reports should be drawn in third
person singular using the past-tense and
passive voice e.g. instead of saying "I noted"
say un was noted" and so on. Before drawing a report refresh your knowledge of the
subject by consulting text-books and do not
cut, scratch, erase or over write your reports.
This vitiates your report and places y~u in
an embarrassing position. If on postmortem examination the prior to death of
that description of the injuries do not tally
(e.g. contused would might have been described as sharp-edged ones by mistake) with the

16
description given by the doctor who conducted the medico-legal examination prior to
death of that individual then in such like
cases the Civil Surgeon should be called in to
perform the post-mortem examination.
The following poih ts should be observed
while giving testimony : 1. Assume a comfortable but dignified
position in the witness box.
2.

Do not talk in complicated medical


terms, use simple layman's language e.g. say bleeding instead of
haemorrhage etc. etc.

3. On the witness stand your function


is to answer question and not to
lecture to 'the court, no argue with
opposition counsel. If a 'Yes' or
'No' is demanded and if an honest
'Yes' or 'No' cannot be stated, tut_n
to the j@g_e and telrn.rm so.
4. Do not appear partial to the side
which calls you as a witness. Stick
to the facts and do not let yourself
be led away into the realm of
speculation. Maintain your com-.
posure.
5.

Do not admit that a certain author


or a certain book is an authority on
any subject unless you are sure
that you agree with every statement which the author makes.
Books cannot testify and unless

17
you admit that a book is authoritative it cannot be introduced in
evidence
or
quoted in crossexamining by you. Whenever you
read a passage from a reference
book you should always insist toread the lines yourself and that too
alongwith few lines preceding, the
quoted lines and also the lines
thereafter so that the proper meanings of the para are understood.
6.

Do not bluff or make rash statements which cannot be supported.


Often .times the correct answer is
'I do not Know' Do not hesitate
in giving' this answer.

\iVhen a doctor willingly or otherwise No. 868"becomes involved in a professional respect for ~i;~~~~ 8
appearance in a court, he has to .undergo a 3-1962.
public ordeal which he should endeavour to
view with perfect quanimity. In courts the
evidence of facts and opinion elicited by
counsel's questions during eaxmination-inchief is bound to be tested by cross-examina:..
tion when a witness may be questioned
closely and persistently.
Once in witness
box the doctor is, therefore, likely to find that
a straight forward examination-in-chief will
be followed by questions which \Vill require
knowledged, rapid but careful, thought, if
helpful and clear answers are to be given
and all this in pub]ic. with the full attention
of the court and press, so that incautious
remarks aFe apt to resound for more than
similar remarks made in the seclusion of the
consulting room.

18
It is needless to emphasise the importance
of keeping complete and detailed records so
that, if litigations arise, reliable reference
may be made to the documents. Abbreviation
in records are abazard because counsels are
not slow to seize upon possible ambiguities
or any other apparent defects in case records,
sometimes using them with
devastating
effect in cross-examination. To quote an
example of abbreviation of C. may be used as
Civil Surgeon/Chief Secretary and so forth.
It has been noticed in a large number of
cases that the doctors who perform postmortems or do medico-legal examination do
not fill in the charts showing the exact location of injuries received by the deceased or
the victim of the assault. It is of utmost
importance that the exact location of injuries
should be noted down by the doctors at the
time makes the examination of the victim.
Filling up of the charts accurately and elaborately will help the doctor to explain the
position to the court at the time of evidence.
All medical officers while filling in their
medico-legal and post-mortem examination
report~ should invariably fill in the diagramatic sketches so that exact location and direction 'of the injuries can be known to answer
q llPstions in the Courts.
In this behalf
attention of the medical officers is also invited
to Appendix XL of the Punjab Medical
Manual,. which e!lumerates the various types
of questwns, whJch may usually be .put to
them in the course of cross examination.

A doctor should not withhold useful


evidence just because he is afraid of having
a bad time in court. It is admitted that

19
crossexamination is a rigorous t'est for any
doctor is undergo. Yet unless he is willing
and unless he delivers testimony effectively,
he fails in an important service to his community and to his patient. The above instructions should be brought
to the n< tice of all the medical officers for
their guidance and strict compliance in
future.
It has been found that in Hospitals post- ~~1 <43~~J
morteni work js divided on Sex basis i.e. 26780-798,
female dead bodies by the Women Assistant 19~e2~ 25 8Surgeons and male dead bodies by the male
Assistant Surgeons. This distribution of Sex
basis is wrong. Since Woman Assistant
Surgeon are now promoted to the Rank of
Civil Surgeon and any day may take charge
of Civil Surgeon. The postmortem work is
essential.

Keeping in view the position explained


Surgeon and
Woman
above, Assistant
Assistant Surgeon should take the work of
Post mortem by turn irrespective of Sex.

20
~~~if~~<4 >
Reference your letter No. 1359 dated 11th
dat~d tJ-9. August, 1962, on the subject noted above.
196;! to C.S.
Nabha.

In this connection the following instructions may please be kept in view while dealing
with such cases which do not normally fall
within the jurisdiction of Civil Hospital, Nabha.
1.

As far as possible simple cases . of


hurt be sent back to their Medical
Officer.

2. If the Medical Officer is on leave/


sick/ absent then they are to be
examined by the Civil Surgeon .
1

3.

No 3s 46 s.
3Ssoo-GU{4)
63.11-1963
dated
14
to ail c.ss.
&DMH.

All grevious cases should


treatment
accepted
for
examination,, etc.

be
<I.nd

It is suggested that in a medico-legal


case where a fracture is suspected no

re 1'1ai1ce sh ou ld b e p 1ace d on screenmg


a1one
and only the finding of Xi-ray examination be
taken as deciding factor. All X-ray must be
taken at least in two planes interior /lateral
<~nd if necessary oblique view be also taken
persistent nnd distant tenderness 1s in the
hospital clinical sign of fracture. In sorne
c~ses notably the Gospal Scepliened X-ray
examination repeated after a week is more
revealing. N.B. Distant means tenderness
away from the place actually struck or hit.:

21
The Chief
Medical Officer is the. GovernNo. PMND
.

(2)64-/58
men t medico-legal expert of the D1stnct. He dated 4-l is required to supervise the medico-legal
work conducted by the Medical Officers
working under him in his jurisdiction. If
the Chief Medical Officer /Principal Medical
Officer is suspecious of the conduct of a
Medical Officer in a police case and 'desires to
examme the case himself on the approach of
the aggrieved party(s) he should always do
so in his official capacity and should not
charge any fee for it.

Issued by :
Directorate of Health & Family Welfare,
Punjab, Chandigarh.

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