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Dressings and Bandages DR. EYAD ABOU ASALI
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Goal: To educate healthcare professionals on effectivewound care protocols, in order
to ensure optimalcare for our terminally ill patients.
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External Bleeding: Three types Capillary (oozing) Venous (flowing) Arterial
(spurting)
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Care for External Bleeding Wear gloves. Expose wound. Cover with clean cloth
or gauze. Apply direct pressure. Elevate the area.
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DO NOT remove blood-soaked dressings. Apply a pressure bandage. Apply
pressure at a pressure point if needed.
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Wound Care Wash with soap and water. Flush with water. Remove small
objects. Apply direct pressure. Apply antibiotic ointment. Cover wound. Seek
medical care.
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Wound Infection: Signs of Infection Swelling Reddening Warmth Throbbing
Pus discharge Seek medical care for infected wounds. Tetanus booster shot every
5 to10 years
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Wounds That Require Medical Attention Arterial bleedingUncontrolled bleedingDeep
woundsLarge or deeply embeddedobjectsForeign matter in woundHuman or animal
bitePossibility of noticeable scarCut eyelidSlit lipInternal bleedingUncertain how to
treatNeed a tetanus shot

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Dressings Dressings: Sterile covering placed over wound or injured part Used to
control bleeding, absorb blood and secretions,prevent infection and ease pain
Dressings are held in place with tape or a bandage
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Dressings
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Dressings Types of materials Gauze pads in a variety of sizes Compresses with
thick absorbent material Avoid fluff cotton because loose cotton fibers
maycontaminate the wound Handkerchief or pillowcase may be used inemergency
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Bandages Bandages: Materials used to hold dressings in place, to securesplints
and to support and protect body parts Apply snugly enough to control bleeding and
preventmovement of dressing, but not so tightly that theyinterfere with circulation
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Bandages
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Bandages Types of materials Roller gauze bandages Come in variety of widths
Common ones are 1-, 2-, and 3-inch widths Used to hold dressings in place on
almost any partof the body
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Bandages Triangular bandages Used to secure dressings on head/scalp or as
asling At times used as covering for large body part suchas hand, foot or shoulder
Elastic bandages Readily conform or mold to injured part Can be hazardous if
applied too tightly or stretchedduring application because they can cut off
orconstrict circulation Used to provide support or stimulate circulation
Applying Dressings Applying dressings: Obtain correct size: should be large
enough to extend atleast 1 inch beyond edges of wound Prevent infection by
avoiding contamination of dressing Open package taking care
Applying Dressings Pick up dressing with pinching action so you handle onlyone
side or outside of dressing Place dressing on wound with untouched side
againstwound Secure dressing in place with tape or bandage wrap
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Methods of Wrapping Bandages Methods of wrapping bandages Several methods

are used Method used depends on body part involved
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Methods of Wrapping Bandages Circular bandage: Frequently used to hold
dressings on body parts suchas arms, legs, chest or abdomen Triangular bandage
folded down to form strip ofbandage or cravat Strips of cloth or gauze bandage can
also be used Example pressure bandage
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Methods of Wrapping Bandages Spiral wrap bandage: Used to hold dressings in
place on arm or leg or usedto provide support to a limb Spiral wrap is started at
bottom of limb and moves upin direction of blood flow to the heart Spiral motion is
used to encircle the limb and thebandage is overlapped about one-half its width
oneach turn At top of limb or stopping point, end with one or twocircular wraps
around limb Secure end with tape, pins or clips
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Methods of Wrapping Bandages Figure eight wrap: Used to hold bandages or
provide support to jointssuch as ankle or wrist Elastic bandage is used if support is
provided Anchor bandage on instep of foot Make one or two circular turns around
instep of foot
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Methods of Wrapping Bandages Form a figure eight Carry bandage up over foot
in diagonal direction Wrap bandage around back of ankle Come down over top of
the foot Circle under the instep Repeat figure eight pattern while moving
downwardand backward toward heel with each successive turn Overlap previous
turn by one-half to two-thirds widthof bandage End by circling ankle with one or
two circular turns Secure in place with tape, clips or pins
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Methods of Wrapping Bandages Recurrent wrap to finger: Used to hold dressing or
splint on finger Fold bandage backward and forward over finger threeto four times
to form a recurrent wrap Start at bottom of finger and use spiral wrap up anddown
the finger to hold recurrent wraps in position Use a figure eight around the wrist to
hold bandage inplace End with one or two circular wraps around the wrist Tie,
tape or pin bandage at the wrist
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Checkpoints for Circulation Important to check circulation after bandage applied
tomake sure bandage is not too tight Signs of poor or impaired circulation

Swelling or edema Pale or cyanotic color Coldness to touch Numbness or

tingling Poor or slow return to pink color after nailbeds areblanched Loosen
bandages immediately if any signs of impairedcirculation are noted
Head Bandages
Four-tailed Bandage
.Barton Bandage.Triangular Bandage.
Sweatband.
Old-fashioned
Toothache.Head Tubular
Bandage Retainer.
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Head Bandages Four Tailed Bandage A piece of roller bandage. It is good for
bandaging anyprotruding part of the body. It is created by splitting the clothfrom
each end.It is used to hold a compress onthe chin.
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Head Bandages - Barton Bandage For fractures of the lower jaw.To retain
compresses to the chin.Initial end of the roller is appliedjust behind the right
mastoidprocess.
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Head Bandages - Triangular Bandage To retain compresses on the forehead or scalp.
Place the middle of the base on the forehead, justabove the eyebrows.
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Head Bandages - Triangular Bandage
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Head Bandages - Sweatband If a wound only affects theforehead Use a square of
sterilegauze pad over the wound. Circle the head at leastthree times.
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Head Bandages Old Fashioned Toothache For Ears and cheeks Wrap the two ends
in theopposite direction.
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Head Bandages Head Tubular Bandage Retainer Tubular elastic stretch netapplying
gentle pressure tokeep bandages Ideal for securing burn orpost-op dressingsAllows
maximum air-flow.
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Elastic Bandages Gauze, cotton cloth, or elastic wrapping Length and width vary
and are used according to bodypart and size. Should be stored rolled Should be
free from wrinkles, seams, and imperfectionsthat could cause irritation.
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Elastic bandages may be used toprovide support for a varietyscenarios: Ankle and
foot spica Spiral bandage(spica) Shoulder spica Elbow
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Triangle Bandages First aid device Application is easy and fast Primarily used for
slings Cervical arm sling Shoulder arm sling Sling and swathe
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Triangle Bandages - Cervical ArmSling Provides support for forearm, wrist,and
hand injuries.
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Triangle Bandages - Shoulder ArmSling Provides support for theforearm May be
used if the cervicalarm sling is causingirritation
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Triangle Bandages - Sling and Swathe Combination ofcervical and shoulderarm
slings Provides support forthe upper extremity Used in instances of Shoulder
dislocations Upper extremityfractures
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Non-Elastic White Tape Great adaptability due to: Adhesive mass Adhering
qualities Lightness Relative strength Utilized to Hold dressings in place
Provide support to a joint Protect injured areas
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