PROGRAM DIDIK CEMERLANG AKADEMIK

SPM

PHYSICS
MODULE
1.0 WAVES
ORGANISED BY:

JABATAN PELAJARAN NEGERI PULAU PINANG

TOPIC:
1.0 WAVES
1.7 ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES

CONTENTS:
1.

CHAPTER HIGHLIGHT (30 MINUTES)

2.

ACTIVITY (50 MINUTES)

3.

ASSESSMENT (40 MINUTES)

4.

MARKING SCHEME(ANSWER KEY)

CONTENT : ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM

CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS ( 30 MINUTES)
1. Electromagnetic spectrum
The distribution of all the different types of
electromagnetic waves arranged in ascending order of wave lengths or
frequencies.

2. Common Properties Of All Electromagnetic Waves.

Commonproperties
propertiesof
ofelectromagnetic
electromagneticwaves
waves
Common

1.Transversewaves
waves
1.Transverse
2.Travelat
atthe
thesame
samespeed
speedof
of33xx10
1088ms
ms-1-1inin
2.Travel
vacuumbut
butslow
slowdown
downininother
othermaterial
materialmedia.
media.
vacuum
3.Travel
Travelthrough
throughsolids,
solids,liquids,
liquids,gases
gasesand
and
3.
vacuum
.
vacuum.
4.Obey
Obeythe
thelaws
lawsof
ofreflection,refraction,diffraction
reflection,refraction,diffraction
4.
and
interference.
and interference.
5.Can
Canbe
beabsorbed
absorbedand
andemitted
emittedby
bymatter
matter. .
5.

6.The
Thewave
waveequation
equation, , vv==f f
6.
7.Transferenergy
energyfrom
fromone
oneplace
placeto
toone
oneanother
another
7.Transfer
withoutthe
theneed
needfor
foraamaterial
materialmedium.
medium.
without

Types of EM
waves
Radio wave

Source

Application

Transmitter

Communication
Transmitting TV
radio programmes

Microwave

Microwave
transmitter

Infrared

Sun
Hot objects

Visible light

Sun
Hot objects
Flame

Ultraviolet rays

Sun
Special lamp

X - rays

X- rays
machine

Gamma rays

Radioactive
nuclei
decaying

Communicate with
satellite.
Heating food in
microwave oven
Telephony
Remote control
Security system
Thermal imaging
Seeing
Photography
Photosynthesis
Kill microbes
Detect security codes
on expensive
equipment
Imaging defects in
bones
Security system
Kill cancer cells
Radiotheraphy
Sterilisation
Medical tracers

Danger/over
exposure
Large doses of
radio wave may
cause cancer and
leukemia.
Burns if
concentrated
Affects the brain
Cataracts
Burns if
concentrated
Very intense
visible light can
damage the retina
Sunburn
Skin cancer
Cataracts
Destroy body cells
Cause mutation
Cancer
Destroy body cells
Cause mutations
Cancer

ACTIVITIES (50 minutes)

1. The diagram shows an electromagnetic spectrum

The waves at P,Q,R and S are

P
A.
B.
C.
D.

ultraviolet
x-ray
microwave
x-ray

x-ray
ultraviolet
infrared
infrared

microwave
infrared
ultraviolet
ultraviolet

infrared
microwave
x-ray
microwave

2. At an airport, a passengers bag is placed in the baggage scanner.

The contents in the bag are examined by using

A.
B.
C.
D.

x-ray
gamma rays
ultraviolet rays
infrared rays

3.All electromagnetic waves have the same

A. speed in vacuo
B. speed in given medium
C. frequency in vacuo
D. frequency in a given medium
4.Which of the following lists of electromagnetic radiation is arranged in order of
increasing length?
A. ultraviolet, visible light, infrared, radio waves
B. infrared, ultraviolet, visible light, radio waves
C. ultraviolet, visible light, radio waves, infrared
D infrared, radio waves, ultraviolet, visible light
5. Arrange the following electromagnetic waves in the order of decreasing
wavelength
Ultraviolet

x- ray red light

violet light

microwaves infrared

________________________________________________________________
6. Name three of the sources of electromagnetic waves.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
7. Name one property that all electromagnetic waves have in common.
________________________________________________________________
8. State one application for each type of the following electromagnetic waves .
(a) gamma rays: ________________________________________________
(b) ultraviolet rays :______________________________________________
(c) infrared rays : _______________________________________________
(d) radio waves:_________________________________________________
(e) x rays : ____________________________________________________
(f) visible light: ________________________________________________

(g) microwaves:________________________________________________
9. Name the electromagnetic waves which are used widely in the field of
(a) communication
________________________________________________________________
(b) medicine
________________________________________________________________
10(a) Which component of the electromagnetic spectrum is detrimental to us if
exposed excessively?
________________________________________________________________
(b)For each type of electromagnetic waves mentioned in (a), state the
detrimental effects concerned.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
ASSESEMENT ( 40 minutes)
1. The diagram below shows some of the components of the electromagnetic
spectrum.
radio
waves

microwave
s

infrared

ultraviolet

x-rays

gamma
rays

(a) What is the name of component A?

________________________________________________________________
(b) What is the speed , in vacuum, of radio waves and ultraviolet waves?
________________________________________________________________
(c) All the electromagnetic waves are transverse. What is the meaning of
transverse?
________________________________________________________________

2. (a) Figure 1 shows the main components of electromagnetic spectrum in order

of increasing frequency.
radio

visible

x-rays

Increasing frequency
Figure 1
What are the names of the missing components marked A to C?
A: __________________
B: __________________
C: __________________
(b)Figure 2 shows the seven components of visible light which is part of the
electromagnetic spectrum
violet

indigo

orange

red

Figure 2
Identify the missing components X, Y and Z.
X: ____________________
Y : ____________________
Z: _____________________
(d) State two common characteristics of all electromagnetic waves when they
travel from the Sun to Earth.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

3. The following are types of waves

Infrared

ocean waves

Sound

ultraviolet

radio

(a) Which of these waves are in the electromagnetic spectrum?

________________________________________________________________
(b) State one property of all electromagnetic waves
________________________________________________________________
4.Figure (a) shows an airport radar transmitting microwave signals. Microwaves
are transmitted to determine the position of aeroplanes.

(a) microwaves are a type of ___________________ waves.

(b) The radar transmit a signal at a velocity of 3.0 x 10 8 ms-1 towards the
aeroplane P and detects the reflected signal 4.0 x 10 -4 s later.
Calculate the distance of P from the radar transmitter at that time.

(c)The radar detects the same signal after reflection by another aeroplane,Q. The
signal from Q arrives later than the signal from P.
(i)Compare the distances of P and Q from the radar.
________________________________________________________________
(ii)State how the difference of distance of P and Q from the radar is
determined at any time.
________________________________________________________________

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Answers of ACTIVITIES
1. B
2. A
3. A
4. A
5.microwaves, infrared, red light, violet light, ultraviolet, x-ray
6.sun, lighted bulb, fire
7.transferring of energy from the source to its surrounding area
8(a)food sterilization
(b)scanning body(in medicine)
(c)kill bacteria
(d)to light up dark places
(e)remote control
(f)telecommunication
(g)broadcasting
9.(a)microwaves, radio waves
(b)gamma rays, x-rays
10.(a)gamma rays, x-rays, ultraviolet
(b)gamma rays : cause cancer
X rays
: cause cell danger
Ultraviolet : cause skin cancer
Answers of ASSESMENT
1.(a) visible light
(b)3 x 10 8 ms-1
(c)Transverse waves mean that the waves travel in a direction perpendicular
to the direction of vibration.
2.(a) A : infrared
B : ultraviolet
C : gamma rays
(b) X : blue
Y: green
Z : yellow
(c)1. They can travel through in vacuo
2. They obeys the laws of refraction, reflection, diffraction and interference
3. (a) radio, infrared and ultraviolet
(b) All electromagnetic waves travel with the same speed of 3 x 10 8 ms-1
4.(a) electromagnetic waves
(b)

V=

2d
t

11

V=

3 10 8 4 10 4
2

= 60000 m
(c)The distance of Q is greater than the distance of P from the radar
(c) Determine the shortest distance of P or Q to the radar i.e the distance of P to
the radar is equal as Q to the radar.

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