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GENERATOR THRUST BEARING REFURBISHMENT

TABLE OF CONTENT
PART 1 GENERAL
1.1

GENERAL INFORMATION
1.1.1
Description of Work
1.1.2
Description of Thrust Bearings

1.2

REFERENCES

1.3

SUBMITTALS

1.4

FINAL INSPECTION AND ACCEPTANCE

PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.1
2.2
2.3

BABBITTING MATERIALS
MATERIAL AND WORKMANSHIP
ISO CERTIFICATION

PART 3 EXECUTION
3.1

SHIPPING
3.1.1
Shipping General
3.1.2
Shipment of Thrust Bearing Shoes

3.2

REFURBISHMENT OF THRUST BEARING SHOES


3.2.1
General
3.2.2
Refurbishment Including Babbitting
3.2.3
Thrust Shoe Finished Inspection and Final Report

3.3

BABBITT BOND NDT


3.3.1
General
3.3.2
NDT
3.3.3
UT Inspectors Qualifications
3.3.3.1 Examination of Babbitt Bonding
3.3.3.2 Technician(s)
3.3.4
Equipment
3.3.5
Procedure
3.3.6
Liquid Penetrant (PT) Testing
3.3.7
Acceptance Standards
3.3.8
NDT Inspection Report
3.3.9
Babbitt Repairs
3.3.10 Babbitt Bond Acceptance

ANNEX 1

TOLERANCES FOR STATIONARY THRUST BEARING SHOE SEGMENTS ENTIRE SET


MACHINED SIMULTANEOUSLY IN ONE

ANNEX 2

SETUPTOLERANCES FOR STATIONARY THRUST BEARING SHOE SEGMENTS SHOES


MACHINED SEPARATELY

Page 1

GENERATOR THRUST BEARING REFURBISHMENT


PART 1 GENERAL
1.1

GENERAL INFORMATION

1.1.1

Description of Work

This section covers the required refurbishment work on one set of 10 thrust shoes. Work requires refurbishment
through re-babbiting existing thrust shoes.
The shoes are currently in Unit 11 and unavailable for packaging and shipping. The Government will provide the
Contractor with a Notice of Shoe Availability prior to 14 July, 2013. After the Contractor receives this notice, the
shoes shall be refurbished and received back at Bonneville within 150 calendar days. Further packaging and shipping
requirements are in Paragraph 3.1.
1.1.2

Description of Thrust Bearings

The existing set of thrust shoes are springbed type shoes that are 30.25" in length, 25.25" wide at the outer diameter
and 10.180" wide at the inner diameter, and 2.277" thick. (see drawing 2-55311-001). Each shoe weighs
approximately 340 lbs. All shoes have a 3 1/2" x 0.08" deep counterbore for oil lift near the center of each shoe. Note
that the desired design thickness of the rebabbited shoes shall be 2.250" rather than what is indicated in drawing 255311-001 (2.277").
1.2

REFERENCES

The publications listed below form a part of these specifications to the extent referenced. The publications are
referred to in the text by the basic designation only.
ASME INTERNATIONAL (ASME)
ASME BPVC SEC V

(2007) Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code; Section V, Nondestructive Examination

ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)


ASTM B 23
(2000; R 2010) Standard Specification for White Metal Bearing Alloys (Known Commercially as
"Babbitt Metal")
ASTM E 114
(1995; R 2005) Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Straight-Beam Examination by the
Contact Method
ASTM E 165

(2009) Standard Test Method for Liquid Penetrant Examination

AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING (ASNT)


ASNT-TC-1A

(2006) Personnel Qualification and Certification in Nondestructive Testing

AMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY (AWS)


AWS D1.1

(2009) Structural Welding Code - Steel

Page 2

1.3

SUBMITTALS

Government approval is required for submittals with a "G" designation; submittals not having a "G" designation are
for information only. When used, a designation following the "G" designation identifies the office that will review the
submittal for the Government. The following shall be submitted in accordance with SECTION 01 33 00.
SD-01 Preconstruction Submittals
Schedule for Thrust Bearing Shoe Refurbishment: Submit 10 calendar days in advance of refurbishment, "Paragraph
3.2.2.m, General Requirements".
SD-03 Product Data
Chemical Analysis Of the Babbitt And Tin: Submit 7 calendar days prior to tinning, "Paragraph 2.1.d, Babbitting
Materials".
Proof of ISO 9000 certification or equivalence: Submit 7 calendar days following the Government's request,
"Paragraph 2.3, ISO Certification".
NDT Personnel/Laboratory Qualifications: Submit 10 calendar days prior to performing any NDT, "Paragraph
3.3.3.1, Examination of the Babbitt Bonding".
SD-04 Samples
Samples Of Materials: Submit within 10 days of request, " Paragraph 2.2, Materials and Workmanship".
SD-06 Test Reports
Thrust Bearing Shoe Finished Inspection Report; G: Submit 5 calendar days following inspections and prior to
shipment," Paragraph 3.2.3.f, Thrust Shoe Finished Inspection/Final Report".
SD-07 Certificates
Notice Of Thrust Shoe Finished Inspection: Submit 7 calendar days in advance of inspections," Paragraph 3.2.3.c,
Thrust Shoe Finished Inspection/Final Report".
SD-08 Manufacturer's Instructions
Thrust Bearing Shoe Refurbishment Procedure; G: Submit 10 calendar days in advance of repairs," Paragraph 3.2.2.a,
General Requirements".
SD-09 Manufacturer's Field Reports
Pre-Shipping Damage Inspection Report; G: Prior to shipment from the project," Paragraph 3.1.1.a, Shipping
General".
1.4

FINAL INSPECTION AND ACCEPTANCE

Final inspection and acceptance for full compliance with the Specifications will be made by the Government upon
delivery to the project. Any materials or workmanship not complying with the provisions of these specifications will
be cause for rejection. Corrections shall be made at the expense of the Contractor, and are subject to approval. Tests
may be repeated at the project site to ensure that materials and workmanship conform to contract requirements. Tests
will be at the Contractor's expense if the refurbished components do not meet contract requirements.

Page 3

PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.1

BABBITTING MATERIALS

a. The babbitt metal shall be new material conforming to ASTM B 23 Alloy 2.


b. The tin used for tinning shall be 99 percent pure. c. Use of reclaimed metal will not be acceptable.
d. The Contractor shall submit a Chemical Analysis of the Babbitt and Tin material prepared by an independent
testing laboratory prior to performing any tinning. The laboratory shall not be associated with the Contractor in any
way.
2.2

MATERIAL AND WORKMANSHIP

All materials, parts, and components supplied shall be new and unused and of the best available kind and quality.
Workmanship shall be of the highest grade and in accordance with the best modern standard practice.
Samples of Materials shall be submitted upon request.
2.3

ISO CERTIFICATION

The workshop where the thrust bearing will be refurbished shall be ISO 9000 certified or equivalent as approved by
the Government. Proof of ISO 9000 Certification or Equivalence shall be submitted to the Government upon request.

PART 3 EXECUTION
3.1

SHIPPING

3.1.1

Shipping General

a. The Contractor shall visually inspect the components' condition prior to shipment from the site. Any existing
damage shall be recorded and submitted as a Pre-Shipping Damage Inspection Report prior to shipment. All damage
will be witnessed and "signed off" by the Government.
b. All components shall be prepared for shipment in a manner to protect them from damage and the Contractor shall
be responsible for and make good at no extra cost to the Government damage resulting from improper preparation, as
well as for damage occurring during inspection, shipping, or refurbishment.
c. Prior to shipment, coat components with a suitable preservative.
d. The crates and all packaging shall become the property of the Government.
3.1.2

Shipment of Thrust Bearing Shoes

a. Prior to shipping cover all inlets and outlets to exclude dirt, water, etc.
b. The Contractor shall provide packaging as required, package for shipment and provide transportation roundtrip for
individual shoes or one set of thrust shoes between the project and the refurbishment workshop.
c. New shipping boxes shall be provided as necessary to assure delivery of the thrust shoes in satisfactory,
undamaged condition. Each shoe shall be packaged in a separate box that shall be suitable for handling with a lift
truck.
3.2

REFURBISHMENT OF THRUST BEARING SHOES

3.2.1

General
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The requirements governing the refurbishment of thrust bearing shoes shall apply to an entire set of shoes. Note that
the shoes shall be received back to the project after refurbishment within 150 calendar days per paragraph 1.1.1.
3.2.2
Refurbishment Including Babbitting
The Contractor shall refurbish the thrust bearing shoes as specified below. Refurbish means removing the existing
babbitt, pouring new babbitt, babbitt machining including the provision of oil supply grooves and other detail, and
machining the shoe backside. The refurbishment shall return the shoes to the dimensional tolerances listed in the
tolerances sheets at the end of this section.
a. The Contractor shall submit a detailed Thrust Bearing Shoe Refurbishment Procedure a minimum of 10 calendar
days prior to commencing the refurbishment work, including a detailed step-by-step babbitting procedure. The
Contractor shall not perform any work until receiving written approval from the Government.
b. A sample of the babbitt shall be taken and marked for identification at the time that the babbitt is poured. A sample
shall be taken for each heat; i.e. if more that one shoe is poured simultaneously, only one sample is required. An
independent testing laboratory shall analyze each sample, unless otherwise approved, with the results linked to
individual shoes and included in the final report.
c. The Contractor shall prepare the shoes for babbitting according to the procedure approved by the Government.
Remove the existing babbitt and tinning material. Machine or shot blast, including dovetail grooves if applicable, and
proceed immediately with tinning. Special care shall be taken to protect all holes and surfaces of the shoes not
receiving babbitt. Precautions shall be taken to minimize shoe distortion during babbitting.
d. The babbitt shall be poured at a high temperature. The form and shoe shall be pre-heated. The pouring shall be
continuous. Cold checks will not be acceptable.
e. The shoes shall be machined and/or ground to a thickness of 2.250" +0.001"/-0.000", unless otherwise approved.
The Contractor's refurbishment procedure shall list any additional thickness of babbitt to be added to the shoes. The
shoe backside shall be finished prior to finishing the babbitt running surface. Note, this final thickness is different
from what is shown on the reference drawing 2-55311-001.
f. If necessary, the backside of the shoes shall be machined and/or ground as required to enable the machining of the
babbitted surface to achieve the tolerances listed on the tolerance sheets at the end of this section. The machining of
the backside shall be performed prior to the machining of the babbitted face. Material removal shall be uniform over
the shoe backside and consistent from shoe to shoe.
g. Machine and/or grind the poured babbitt layer to achieve the tolerances (flatness, runout, thickness, and surface
finish) listed on the tolerance sheets at the end of this section. Provide oil supply grooves, radius edges, and other
details identical to that found for the existing shoes.
h. The requirements for the refurbished shoes (flatness, runout, thickness and surface finish) are listed on the
inspection sheets at the end of this section.
i. Finish dimensions and runout checks shall be made while the shoes are still on the machining table or by an
approved method.
j. All non-babbitted surfaces (including the shoe's ID, OD and sides) and holes shall be thoroughly cleaned without
the removal of metal, unless approved in writing.
k. No more than 0.020 inches shall be removed from any surface or from the entire thickness of the shoes, unless
otherwise approved in writing. The Contractor's procedures shall state how this reduction in thickness will impact the
thrust bearings operation, if the reduction in thickness should be compensated for, and if so how.
l. Perform Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) of the babbitt bond according to paragraph 3.9.
m. A Schedule for Thrust Bearing Shoe Refurbishment, i.e. dates, shall be submitted for all phases of the shoes'
refurbishment a minimum of 10 calendar days in advance of the beginning of the work. The schedule shall be
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updated and revised as required. The Government will use this schedule for witnessing refurbishment processes and
will notify the Contractor as to which process will be witnessed.
3.2.3

Thrust Shoe Finished Inspection and Final Report

The inspection shall be performed as follows:


a. The finished thrust shoes shall be inspected for the purpose of verifying the requirements (flatness, runout,
thickness, and surface finish) listed in the tolerance sheets at the end of this section.
b. For shoes that have been rebabbitted, the inspection shall include the NDT of the babbitt-to-shoe bond, as specified
in Paragraph 3.3.
c. The Contractor shall furnish a Notice of Thrust Shoe Finished Inspection to the Government 7 calendar days in
advance of all inspections and all inspections may be witnessed by the Government at its discretion.
d. All measurements shall be taken with calibrated instruments to the nearest 0.001 inch, unless otherwise indicated.
Calibration certification for all equipment shall be furnished with the report of findings.
e. All data shall be recorded on the Contractor-supplied inspection sheets which shall be provided to the Government
inspector prior to departure from the Contractor's facilities.
f. A Thrust Bearing Shoe Finished Inspection Report documenting the refurbishment including the results of the
finished inspection measurements and of the babbitt bonding NDT (for rebabbitted shoes) shall be submitted prior to
shipment and shipment shall not be made until authorized by the Government.
3.3

BABBITT BOND NDT

3.3.1

General

Paragraph 3.3 contains both NDT processes and acceptance criteria. The intent is that the acceptance criteria should
only be applied to refurbished shoes, and should not be used in non-final inspections. The NDT performed during
non-final inspections is not to assess the acceptability of the babbitting work, but rather to provide the Government
with information to aid in the evaluation of the shoes existing condition. The acceptance criterion for final inspections
of refurbished shoes is contained in Paragraph 3.3.7.
3.3.2

NDT

The metallurgical bonding of the babbitt to the thrust bearing shoes shall be examined using the Ultrasonic Test (UT)
and Liquid Penetrant (PT) method The Pulse-Echo Method of UT inspection shall be employed. Examination shall be
offrom
nondestructive
made
the babbitt side andtesting.
100 percent of the babbitted area shall be inspected. UT examination shall be
performed in accordance with the applicable portions of ASTM E 114 or of Article 5 of the ASME BPVC SEC V. The
UT procedure which is to be used shall be submitted for approval.
The Government at its discretion may witness
any inspections.
3.3.3

UT Inspectors Qualifications

3.3.3.1 Examination of Babbitt Bonding


An examination to determine the integrity of the babbitt-to-base metal bond, and to detect porosity and babbitt
cracking, shall be performed by an approved independent testing laboratory which is regularly engaged in
nondestructive testing, or it may be performed using Contractor personnel. If the examination is performed by
Contractor personnel, the Government may require that a representative from an approved independent testing
laboratory be present during the examination to witness and certify the results. The laboratory shall be a member in
good standing of the American Council of Independent Laboratories (ACIL). The laboratory shall be mutually
Page 6

agreeable between the Government and the Contractor. Prior to the performance of any tests, the laboratory name,
location and qualifications shall be submitted as part of the NDT Personnel/Laboratory Qualifications submittal.
3.3.3.2 Technician(s)
Technician(s) performing the inspection shall be certified in accordance with the American Society for
Nondestructive Testing (ASNT). The inspector who is performing the UT inspection or who is acting as a
representative from an independent testing lab shall, as a minimum, be NDT: ASNT-TC-1A level 2 qualified, with a
minimum of 3 years experience at Level 2 in the last 5 years. Prior to the performance of any tests, the inspector's
qualifications shall be submitted as part of the NDT Personnel/Laboratory Qualifications submittal. The inspector
shall locate bonded and unbonded areas on the "Reference Blocks" in the presence of the Government's quality
assurance representative.
3.3.4

Equipment

The following equipment shall be used:


a. Search Unit.
(1) All testing of the babbitt bond shall be performed with a 2.25 MHz or 5 MHz longitudinal wave crystal.
(2) Transducer diameter shall be between 0.25 inch and 1 inch.
(3) Transducer gloves or delay lines shall be made of Lucite or other materials with similar sonic properties.
b. Couplants used for testing shall be either lightweight oil or glycerin, the viscosity of which is no more than SAE 30
oil.
c. Reference Blocks.
(1) A reference block shall consist of a soundly babbitted steel block with a scanning surface and babbitt thickness
representative of the shoes being tested. The block shall be used to set the sensitivity of the instrument. A reference
block with artificially unbonded areas shall be provided for comparison of indications for areas showing bond and
lack of bond.
(2) Test sensitivity shall be such that the babbitt-to-base material interface is readily identified on the CRT. Details of
sensitivity calibration and determination of bonded and unbonded areas shall be defined in the UT procedure.
(3) Reference blocks shall be kept available for frequent reference during actual testing.
3.3.5

Procedure

The entire babbitt surface of each shoe segment shall be scanned, overlapping scan paths by at least 20 percent of the
effective transducer width. Scanning rates shall not exceed 3 inches per second. Unbonded babbitt areas will result
in an increase in the size of the reflection or indications of multiple reflections at the interface of the babbitt and base
metal. Babbitted areas located over anchoring dovetail grooves will be excluded from UT inspection. All unbonded
babbitted areas shall be carefully scanned to determine their size and configuration. The outside edges of all
unbonded areas shall be marked on the surface of the Babbitt and recorded on inspection sheets.
3.3.6

Liquid Penetrant (PT) Testing

The following test shall be performed:


a. All exposed babbitt to backing material bond lines, including dovetails if applicable, shall be examined with the
liquid penetrant (PT) method. This shall be done using a solvent-removable visible dye. The purpose of the PT bond
line examination is to define the babbitt-to-backing material bond at edges, which the UT examination may not
reveal. The PT method that the Contractor proposes to use shall be submitted for approval and shall be in accordance
with ASTM E 165. Lack of bond indications greater than 3/4 inches in length shall be marked on the shoes and
mapped on inspection sheets or documented in photos.
Page 7

b. The surface area of the babbitt, including oil grooves, shall be PT examined for cracks and porosity any and all
indications recorded on inspection sheets or documented in photos.

Page 8

3.3.7

Acceptance Standards

Babbitt bond acceptance criteria is defined below as a function of zones:


a. Perimeter and Holes. Zone defined as bond surface area within 1 inch from any edge or hole having an exposed
bond line. The maximum dimension of any individual unbonded area shall be less than 1/2 inch, with acceptable
unbonded areas located no closer than two inches apart.
(1) For steel backed shoes the total unbonded area shall be no larger than 5 percent of the total zonal area.
b. Corners. Zone defined as bond surface area within 1 inch from any corner having an exposed bond line. Corners
shall have no unbonded areas.
c. Dovetails. Zone defined as the entire surface area over a dovetail. Dovetails are exempt from UT examination.
d. Bond Lines. Defined as exposed lines at the babbitt to base metal interface.
(1) For steel backed shoes, PT indications of lack of bond totaling over 10 percent of the length of a particular edge
shall be unacceptable. Any PT detected lack of bond over 3/4 inch in length shall be re-examined by the UT method,
using a 0.25 inch diameter transducer. Unbonded areas extending more than 1/8 inch away from an edge shall be
unacceptable.
e. Remainder of Shoe. Zone defined as bond surface area other than perimeters, holes, corners and dovetails. The
maximum area for any individual unbonded area shall be less than 1 square inch or 3 percent of the total zonal area,
whichever is less. Acceptable unbonded areas shall be located no closer than 2 inches apart.
(1) For steel backed shoes the total unbonded area shall be no larger than 5 percent of the total zonal area.
f. Additional Requirements. The babbitt surface shall have no visible porosity, blow holes, shrinkage or cracks. The
exposed bond line shall have no visible disbonding.
3.3.8

NDT Inspection Report

A written report from the independent laboratory, whether they perform or witness the testing, shall be submitted as
part of the final report. The report shall include a complete description of the UT procedures used, equipment used, a
mapping of the areas tested, shoe number, and interpretation of results. The report shall specifically address areas of
lack of bond between the babbitt and the shoe and their accumulated total surface area relative to the area allowed
area for the zone. PT results shall include a mapping of indications at the bond lines or photos. The report shall also
address porosity, cracking and other surface defects.
3.3.9

Babbitt Repairs

If repairs are required to the babbitt surface or to the babbitt-to-backing material interface a repair procedure shall be
submitted, if not already submitted as part of the rebabbitting procedure. Puddling will be acceptable for small areas
on the surface, and to correct a localized lack of bond between the babbitt and backing material; however, the total
lack of bond repaired by puddling shall not exceed 10 percent of the total babbitted surface.
3.3.10

Babbitt Bond Acceptance

If a shoe's babbitt bond does not meet the above acceptance criteria it shall be repaired or completely rebabbitted and
retested at the Contractor's expense until the bond is acceptable in accordance with these specifications.

TOLERANCES FOR STATIONARY THRUST BEARING SHOE SEGMENTS


ENTIRE SET MACHINED SIMULTANEOUSLY IN ONE SETUP
1. CIRCUMFERNTIAL RUNOUT
A dial indicator accurate to 0.0001 inches shall be mounted in the head of the machine tool with the stem of the
indicator resting on an individual shoes babbitted surface. The machine table shall then be slowly rotated and
readings taken when the stem is on each individual shoe. Variations on an individual shoe and among the set of shoes
shall not be more than 0.0005 inches over one complete revolution of the table. This check shall be made near the
i.d., center, and o.d. of the shoes.
2. DISH FLATNESS
Individual shoes shall be checked for flatness using a planekator. The babbitted surface shall be flat or concave with
the maximum low spot in the center of the shoe. The low spot shall not exceed 0.0015 inches. This low spot shall
not include oil holes, threaded holes, or oil grooves or pockets. A babbitted surface that is convex (outer edge of shoe
lower than center portion of shoe) is unacceptable and will be rejected.
3. FLATNESS OF BACKSIDE
The backside shall be measured for flatness using a planekator and shall be flat within 0.001 inches. A minimum of
4 measurements along each edge (1 inch in from edge) and 2 diagonal measurements from the i.d. to o.d. corners
shall be taken.
4. VARIATION IN THICKNESS
A minimum of 8 evenly spaced measurement per shoe shall be taken as shown below, on 3 circles concentric with the
bore, i.e., near the i.d., center, and o.d. of the shoes.

The thickness variation of the 8 evenly spaced measurements on each shoe shall be within 0.001 inches, i.e.
maximum thickness minus minimum thickness must be less than 0.001 inches.
The 8 evenly spaced measurements shall then be averaged to be considered the shoe thickness. the variation of each
shoe to the average of all shoe thicknesses (the average of each individual shoe thicknesses) shall be compared and
shall not exceed 0.0012 inches, i.e. the absolute value of the individual shoe thickness minus the average of all shoe
thicknesses must be less than 0.0012 inches.
5. SURFACE FINISH
The babbitted surface and backside of the shoes shall have a finished surface of 16 and 63 microinches or better,
respectively. The finish shall be measured using a digital profilometer, or as approved.

TOLERANCES FOR STATIONARY THRUST BEARING SHOE SEGMENTS


SHOES MACHINED SEPARATELY
1. DISH FLATNESS
Individual shoes shall be measured for flatness using the same granite table in conjunction with a planekator. The
granite table shall be certified by its supplier as flat to within 0.0005 inches. All measuring devices shall be accurate
to 0.0001 inches. The babbitted surface shall be flat or concave with the maximum low spot in the center of the shoe.
The low spot shall not exceed the amount indicated below. This low spot shall not include oil holes, threaded holes,
or oil grooves or pockets. A babbitted surface that is convex (outer edge of shoe lower than center portion of shoe) is
unacceptable and will be rejected.
A minimum of 7 sweep measurements per shoe shall be taken: 3 evenly spaced measurements on 3 circles concentric
with the bore, i.e., near the i.d., center, and o.d., 2 along the leading edge and trailing edge of the shoe, and 2 from the
opposite corners. See sketches below for direction and tolerances:

0.0005 inches

0.0015 inches

0.0015 inches

Prior to performing each sweep, zero the measuring device using the same location in the center of the shoe. report
low spots as a negative reading and high spots as positive.
2. FLATNESS OF BACKSIDE
The backside shall be measured for flatness using a planekator and shall be flat within 0.001 inches. A minimum of
4 measurements along each edge (1 inch in from edge) and 2 diagonal measurements from the i.d. to o.d. corners
shall be taken.
3. VARIATION IN THICKNESS
A minimum of 8 evenly spaced measurement per shoe shall be taken as shown below, on 3 circles concentric with the
bore, i.e., near the i.d., center, and o.d. of the shoes.

The thickness variation of the 8 evenly spaced measurements on each shoe shall be within 0.001 inches, i.e.
maximum thickness minus minimum thickness must be less than 0.001 inches.
The 8 evenly spaced measurements shall then be averaged to be considered the shoe thickness. The variation of each
shoe to the average of all shoe thicknesses (the average of each individual shoe thicknesses) shall be compared and
shall not exceed 0.0012 inches, i.e. the absolute value of the individual shoe thickness minus the average of all shoe
thicknesses must be less than 0.0012 inches.
4. SURFACE FINISH
The babbitted surface and backside of the shoes shall have a finished surface of 16 and 63 microinches or better,
respectively. The finish shall be measured using a digital profilometer, or as approved.

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