ABSTRACT

This experiment using Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor in Series is successfully

conducted on 15th April 2015 . This unit consists of 3 agitated, glass reactor vessels in series.
Our objectives for this experiment are to determine the concentration response to a step
change input and also to determine the effect of residence time on the response curve. The
flow rate of the deionised water is set to 150ml/min to prevent from overflow. After we get
the readings of the conductivity are quit similar to each other, the only readings were taken at
time t0. After that the readings of the conductivity of each reactor were continuously recorded
for every three minutes. The conductivity values were continued recorded until reading for
reactor 3 closed to reactor 1. Then graph of the conductivity versus time was plotted.

(CITER DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL KE TAK OR MCM MANA). For

the saponification reaction that occurs in the reactor, in order to manually determine the
concentration of NaOH in the reactor and extent of conversion, the sample is collected and is
mixed with 0.25M HCl and a few drops of pH indicator which is then tirated with NaOH
solution from the burette until the mixture is neutralized. Besides, to calibrate the conductivity
measurements of conversion values for the reaction between two reactants, it has been carried
out using equimolar feeds of both solutions with the same initial concentrations. From data
collected, NaOH. RESULT TAK LETAK LAGI

INTRODUCTION
The continuous flow stirred-tank reactor (CSTR) is a common ideal reactor type in
chemical engineering. In the majority of industrial process, reactor is the main unit that being
used to change some raw materials into the desired product that are required. There are
various types of reactor. Those reactors depends on the nature of the feed materials and
products. A good reactor should give a high production and low in cost. The most important
thing that we must considered in the reactor is the rate of reaction. This is because the rate of
reaction showed the effectiveness of the processing of the reactor. CSTR works for all kinds
of phases, fluids, liquids, gases and slurries. The CSTR configuration is widely used in
industrial applications and in wastewater treatment units such as activated sludge reactors.

In a Continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR) , two types of liquid reactant are mixed in
the reactor which are continuously added and products also is withdrawn simultaneously. The
reactants are mixed using propeller. The propeller is embedded with catalyst. The reactants
and products have the same condition such as temperature and pressure as well as
concentration.
The CSTR is the idealized opposite of the weel-stirred batch and tubular plug flow
reactors. Ideal reactors have three ideal flow or contacting patterns ; batch, plug and mixed
flow. Batch reactor has uniform composition everywhere in the reactor, but of course the
composition changes with time. Plug flow has fluid passes through the reactor with no mixing
of earlier and later entering fluid, and with no overtaking. Plug flow is as if the fluid moved in
single tile through the reactor. Mixed flow has same composition everywhere in the reactor,
either within the reactor or at the exit and is uniformly mixed.
CSTR used in this experiment, is designed for students experiments on a chemical
reaction in liquid phase under adiabatic and isothermal conditions. This CSTR consists of two
tanks of solution and one reactor. Saponification reaction between sodium hydroxide and
ethyl acetate is performed in the reactor part. The saponification reaction has produced
sodium acetate in a batch and continuous stirred tank reactor. The CSTR configuration is
widely used in industrial applications and in wastewater treatment units, for example activated
sludge reactors.
CSTR in series is designed to study the reaction mechanism as well as the dynamics of
reactor with various types of inputs.