WeldCalc20100214 1

Welds in Shear, Bending, Torsion and Axial Loading
WeldCalc
Sheet
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Analysis Options
Weld Design Sheet
Data Store Sheet
I-Profile
Coordinate Generation
L-Profile
Weld Coordinates
RSC-Profile
Weld Coordinates (Channel Sections)
PFC-Profile
Weld Coordinates (Parallel Flange Channel Sections)
CHS-Profile
Weld Coordinates (Pipes, Circular Sections)
Documentation
8
Template
User
Features
Notes
10
Notations
11
Terms
12
Revision
and Conditions of Use

History
Data Storage Note

At present data can be stored for 200 weld design checks. Using the Store
Reference Numbers 1001 to 1200, this data can be retrieved & modified.
Additional data rows in multiples of 10 can also be added and or deleted
to suit design needs. Two click buttons in the header of worksheet "Store"
can be used for this purpose.
WeldCalc20100214
2001-10 Dr Shaiq Khan, Techno Consultants Ltd
WeldCalc20100214
Company: ABC Company

Address:
User Registration No: Unregistered Copy
XYZ Street, City, Country, Post Code

Tel: 0123456789
Made by
Date
Page No
Checked
Job No
Revision
Project:
Client:
Element:
Weld Group in X-Y Plane
Weld Group in Direct Shear, Bending and Torsion
Fy, y
User Reference: Main Truss Joint
My
DataStore No: 1010
Weld Description: Weld throat thickness of 4.9 mm and 7.4 mm representing the plate thickness
Mz
Mx
Fz, z
Fx, x
+ve
+ve values
values
Applied Loads:
Direction
Mag kN
Sign Convention
Fx kN
Fy kN
547
Fz kN
522
Load Position from Origin:

Xo mm
Yo mm
Zo mm
37
Load Position from Centroid:

Xc mm
Yc mm
Zc mm
37.0
0.0
Strength Check:
Design Strength:
37
Applied Moments:
Mx kNmm
My kNmm
0.0
Mz kNmm
0.280 kN/mm2
Induced Max Stress:
Centroid of Weld Group from Origin:
0.215 kN/mm2
<Allowable; Hence OK
Input for Weld Group Geometry:
Component Properties for Each Weld Length:
Node Part
Xo
Yo
Throat, a
Area, A
A yo
A xo
Ixx
0.0
0.0
37.0
Load Eccentricity Moments at Centroid:

Mx kNmm
My kNmm
Mz kNmm
0.0
0.0
19,314.0
Equivalent Stress Calculation Method:

SRSS
Sqrt [fx^2 + fy^2 + fz^2]
-20,239.0
0.0
-0.0
Resultant Moments on the Weld Group:

Mx kNmm
My kNmm
Mz kNmm
19,314.0
-0.0
-20,239.0
Weld Group Properties about its Centroid (x to u-axis angle = 0 deg):
Xo mm
Yo mm
Zo mm
Ixx mm4
Iyy mm4
Ixy mm4
Iuu mm4
Ivv mm4
Ipp mm4
-0.0
0.0
0.0
40,191,606
7,347,286
-0
40,191,606
7,347,286
47,538,892
Iyy
Ixy
Stress Components & Resultant at Each Node:

Stress fx
Stress fy
Stress fz
Stress fe
Force Resultants in Each Weld Length:

Force Fxw
Force Fyw
Force Fzw
No
No
mm
mm
mm
mm2
mm3
mm3
mm4
mm4
mm4
kN/mm2
kN/mm2
kN/mm2
kN/mm2
kN
kN
kN
98.5
4.5
4.9
446
23,633
2,007
9,029
#NAME?
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0.083
0.127
38.526
-10.061
36.914
2
3
1
2
7.5
7.5
4.5
4.5
4.9
7.4
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5
2
2
7.5
-7.5
152.5
152.5
7.4
7.4
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7
2
3
-7.5
-7.5
4.5
4.5
7.4
4.9
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3
3
-98.5
-98.5
4.5
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4.9
4.9
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3
4
-7.5
-7.5
-4.5
-4.5
4.9
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4
4
-7.5
7.5
-152.5
-152.5
7.4
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4
5
5
7.5
7.5
98.5
-4.5
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-4.5
7.4
4.9
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98.5
4.5
4.9
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0.000
0.000
0.000
0.154
0.215
Force Resultants in the Weld Group
0.215
547.000
Combined Properties for the Weld Group

NB: Shaded areas represent user data input
File: 268616372.xlsx Tab: Welds
#NAME?
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Maximum of fz & fe:

#NAME?
Weld Group in Direct Shear, Bending & Torsion
Valid Design Maximum Stress:
-0.000
522.000
Date Printed: 05/01/2015
Analysis and Design of Weld Lengths Subjected to Simultaneous Shear, Bending,Torsion and Axial Loading
Beam
No
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
User
Weld Group
Stress
Reference
Description
Formula
Example 1
Bracket in Shear+BendiSRSS
Example 2
Circular 8 mm Fillet WeSRSS
Example 3
Shear + Torson - Steel SRSS
Example 4
Shear+Torsion+BendingSRSS
Extra Example 5
Shear+Torsion - Steel SRSS
Extra Example 6
Shear+Torsion - TJ MacSRSS
Stair Tread 6 mm thick plateTread divided into 3 str SRSS
Stair Tread 6 mm thick plateTread divided into 8 str SRSS
Main Truss Joint
Weld throat thickness o SRSS
Main Truss Joint
Weld throat thickness o SRSS
File: 268616372.xlsx Tab: Store
Fx
Applied Force Fx
Yo
Zo
Fy
Applied Force Fy
Xo
Zo
288
450
100
Fz
Applied Force Fz
Xo
Yo
Mx
0
249.5
300
176.5
152
Applied Moments
My
Mz
250
50
49.9
62.5
54.2
350
19.4
0
1980
1980
664
547
0
37
0
0
634
522
0
0
0
37
250000
Part No
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Weld Node 1
X1
Y1
Throat1 Part No
-86.6
182.3
5.6
1
0
200
5.6
1
0
170
3.5
1
0
0
5.6
1
0
125
3.5
1
200
300
4.2
1
0
0
6
1
1.5
1.5
3
1
98.5
4.5
4.9
1
98.5
4.5
4.9
1
Weld Node 2
X2
Y2
Throat2 Part No
86.6
182.3
5.6
2
51.763 193.185
5.6
1
0
0
3.5
1
0
180
5.6
1
0
0
3.5
1
0
300
4.2
1
0
63
6
1
4.5
1.5
3
1
7.5
4.5
4.9
2
7.5
4.5
4.9
2
Page 3/25
Weld Node 3
Weld Node 4
X3
Y3
Throat3 Part No
X4
Y4
Throat4 Part No
-86.6
-182.3
5.6
2
86.6
-182.3
5.6
3
100 173.205
5.6
1 141.421 141.421
5.6
1
70
0
3.5
1
70
100
3.5
1
127
60
5.6
1
127
0
5.6
76.2
0
3.5
1
76.2
125
3.5
1
0
0
4.2
1
200
0
4.2
275
63
6
1
275
126
6
4.5
61.5
3
1
279.5
61.5
3
1
7.5
4.5
7.4
2
7.5
152.5
7.4
2
7.5
4.5
7.4
2
7.5
152.5
7.4
2
Weld Node 5
X5
Y5
Throat5 Part No
-5
140
4.2
3
173.205
100
5.6
1
0
170
3.5
0
125
3.5
279.5
-7.5
-7.5
124.5
152.5
152.5
3
7.4
7.4
1
2
2
Weld Node 6
X6
Y6
Throat6 Part No
-5
-140
4.2
4
193.185
51.763
5.6
1
276.5
-7.5
-7.5
124.5
4.5
4.5
3
7.4
7.4
1
3
3
Weld Node 7
X7
Y7
Throat7 Part No
5
140
4.2
4
200
0
5.6
1
276.5
-7.5
-7.5
64.5
4.5
4.5
3
4.9
4.9
1
3
3
Weld Node 8
X8
Y8
Throat8 Part No
5
-140
4.2
193.185 -51.763
5.6
1
1.5
-98.5
-98.5
64.5
4.5
4.5
3
4.9
4.9
1
3
3
Weld Node 9
X9
173.205
1.5
-98.5
-98.5
Beam
No
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
User
Reference
Weld Group
Description
Stress
Formula
Fx
Applied Force Fx
Yo
Zo
Fy
Applied Force Fy
Xo
Zo
Fz
Applied Force Fz
Xo
Yo
Mx
Applied Moments
My
Mz
Part No
Weld Node 1
X1
Y1
Throat1
Part No
Weld Node 2
X2
Y2
Throat2
Part No
Page 4/25
Weld Node 3
X3
Y3
Throat3
Part No
Weld Node 4
X4
Y4
Throat4
Part No
Weld Node 5
X5
Y5
Throat5
Part No
Weld Node 6
X6
Y6
Throat6
Part No
Weld Node 7
X7
Y7
Throat7
Part No
Weld Node 8
X8
Y8
Throat8
Part No
Weld Node 9
X9
Weld Node 9
Y9
Throat9
Weld Node 10
X10
Y10
Part No
-100
5.6
1.5
-4.5
-4.5
3
4.9
4.9
3
3
141.421 -141.422
-7.5
-7.5
-4.5
-4.5
Throat10
Weld Node 11
X11
Y11
Part No
Throat11
Part No
5.6
100 -173.206
5.6
4.9
4.9
4
4
-7.5
-7.5
7.4
7.4
4
4
-4.5
-4.5
Weld Node 12
X12
Y12
51.763 -193.186
-7.5
-7.5
-152.5
-152.5
Throat12
Part No
Weld Node 13
X13
Y13
Throat13
Part No
5.6
-200
5.6
7.4
7.4
4
4
7.5
7.5
-152.5
-152.5
7.4
7.4
4
4
Weld Node 14
X14
Y14
-51.763 -193.186
7.5
7.5
-4.5
-4.5
Throat14
Part No
5.6
7.4
7.4
5
5
Weld Node 15
X15
Y15
-100 -173.206
7.5
7.5
-4.5
-4.5
Throat15
Part No
Weld Node 16
X16
Y16
Throat16
Part No
Weld Node 17
X17
Y17
5.6
1 -141.421 -141.422
5.6
1 -173.205
4.9
4.9
5
5
4.9
4.9
5
5
Page 5/25
98.5
98.5
-4.5
-4.5
98.5
98.5
Throat17
-100
5.6
4.5
4.5
4.9
4.9
Part No
Weld Node 18
X18
Y18
1 -193.185
-51.763
Throat18
5.6
Part No
1
Weld Node 19
X19
Y19
-200
Throat19
0
5.6
Part No
Weld Node 20
X20
Y20
1 -193.185
51.763
Throat20
5.6
Part No
Weld Node 21
X21
Y21
1 -173.205
100
Throat21
5.6
Part No
Weld Node 22
X22
Y22
1 -141.421
141.421
Weld Node 9
Y9
Throat9
Part No
Weld Node 10
X10
Y10
Throat10
Part No
Weld Node 11
X11
Y11
Throat11
Part No
Weld Node 12
X12
Y12
Throat12
Part No
Weld Node 13
X13
Y13
Throat13
Part No
Weld Node 14
X14
Y14
Throat14
Part No
Weld Node 15
X15
Y15
Throat15
Part No
Page 6/25
Weld Node 16
X16
Y16
Throat16
Part No
Weld Node 17
X17
Y17
Throat17
Part No
Weld Node 18
X18
Y18
Throat18
Part No
Weld Node 19
X19
Y19
Throat19
Part No
Weld Node 20
X20
Y20
Throat20
Part No
Weld Node 21
X21
Y21
Throat21
Part No
Weld Node 22
X22
Y22

Weld Node 22
Throat22
5.6
Weld Node 23
X23
Y23
Part No
1
-100
173.205
Throat23
5.6
Weld Node 24
X24
Y24
Part No
1
-51.763
193.185
Throat24
5.6
Weld Node 25
X25
Y25
Part No
1
200
Throat25
Part No
Weld Node 26
X26
Y26
Throat26
Part No
Weld Node 27
X27
Y27
Throat27
Part No
Weld Node 28
X28
Y28
Throat28
Part No
Weld Node 29
X29
Y29
5.6
Page 7/25
Throat29
Part No
Weld Node 30
X30
Y30
Throat30
Project
Client
Element
Heading Details
Made by Checked
Date
Job No
Design
Page No Revision Strength
0.215
0.215
0.215
0.215
0.215
0.215
0.275
0.275
0.28
0.28
Utilisation Ratio Limit: 1.000

1200
Induced Design Stresses
Auto Analysis
Utilisation
Max fz
Max fe Max(fz,fe) Ratio, UR Analyse Y? Print ?
y
0.16441 0.17758 0.17758 0.826
y
0.03243 0.21188 0.21188 0.985
y
0.00000 0.20594 0.20594 0.958
y
0.10199 0.18693 0.18693 0.869
y
0.00000 0.15275 0.15275 0.710
y
0.00000 0.19288 0.19288 0.897
y
0.15661 0.15661 0.15661 0.570
y
0.15111 0.15111 0.15111 0.549
y
0.09792 0.14180 0.14180 0.506
y
0.15391 0.21452 0.21452 0.766
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
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0.000
0.000
0.000
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0.000
0.000
0.000
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0.000
0.000
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0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

Weld Node 22
Throat22
Part No
Weld Node 23
X23
Y23
Throat23
Part No
Weld Node 24
X24
Y24
Throat24
Part No
Weld Node 25
X25
Y25
Throat25
Part No
Weld Node 26
X26
Y26
Throat26
Part No
Weld Node 27
X27
Y27
Throat27
Part No
Weld Node 28
X28
Y28
Throat28
Part No
Weld Node 29
X29
Y29
Page 8/25
Throat29
Part No
Weld Node 30
X30
Y30
Throat30
Project
Client
Element
Heading Details
Made by Checked
Date
Job No
Design
Page No Revision Strength
Utilisation Ratio Limit: 1.000

1200
Induced Design Stresses
Auto Analysis
Utilisation
Max fz
Max fe Max(fz,fe) Ratio, UR Analyse Y? Print ?
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
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0.000
0.000
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0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
Company:
Address:
2009 Techno Consultants

WeldProfile UBUC20090714
Non-registered copy
DGP International
Brunel House, 54 Princesses Street
Manchester M1 6HS
Tel : 0161 907 3500
Project:
Client:
Element:
Langley Lane
Costain
Made by
Date
SURK
16 April 2009
Checked
Retaining Wall
Job No
Page No
Revision
012345901 A12 R9
Coordinates for the Full Profile Weld of UB & UC Sections
Drawn Shape
b
s
mm
mm
253
11.7
c= 105.45
Node
x, mm
1
0
2
253
3
253
4
147.55
5
132.35
6
132.35
7
147.55
8
253
9
253
10
0
11
0
12
105.45
13
120.65
14
120.65
15
105.45
16
0
17
0
c.g.
126.5
t
r
mm
mm
16.2
15.2
d= 615.1
y, mm
0
10
0
16.2
16.2
r
31.4
646.5
661.7
y
661.7
677.9
677.9
s
661.7
661.7
646.5
1
31.4
b
16.2
Origin
16.2
Dimensions
0
338.95
h
mm
677.9
M
kg/m
125.2
Section
Designation
686x254x125
x
2
Notes
The origin is at bottom left end of the section.
The node coordinates are in the anti-clock wise order.
The weld profile at the root radii has been assumed to be linear.
The x & y coordinates are to be copied and pasted by using the paste-special-values command.
File: 268616372.xlsx Tab: I-Profile
Company:
Address:

Non-registered copy
DGP International
Manchester M1 6HS
Tel : 0161 907 3500
Project:
Client:
Element:
Langley Lane
Costain
Made by
Date
SURK
16 April 2009
Checked
Retaining Wall
Page No
Job No
Revision
012345901 A12 R9
Coordinates for the Full Profile Weld of L-Sections
Section
Designation
200x150x12
a
mm
200
b
mm
150
t
mm
12
M
kg/m
32
r1
mm
15
Node
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
x, mm
y, mm
0
150
150
142.5
27
12
12
4.5
0
0
0
0
4.5
12
12
27
192.5
200
200
0
r2
mm
7.5
r2
t
a
90o
r1
1
Origin
b
Dimensions
Drawn Shape
Notes
Obtain centroid position by pasting the profile coordinates in the worksheet "Welds"
WeldCalc20100214
Company:
Address:

Non-registered copy
DGP International
Manchester M1 6HS
Tel : 0161 907 3500
Project:
Client:
Element:
Langley Lane
Costain
Made by
Date
SURK
16 April 2009
Checked
Retaining Wall
Page No
Job No
Revision
012345901 A12 R9
Coordinates for the Full Profile Weld of Rolled Steel Channels, RSC
h
mm
381
r1
b
s
t
mm
mm
mm
mm
101.6
10.4
16.3
15.2
t1= 12.3257
t2= 20.2743
Node
x, mm
y, mm
12
1
0
0.00
2
101.6
0.00
3
101.6
7.53
4
96.8
12.33
5
25.6
20.27
6
10.4
35.47
7
10.4 345.53
8
25.6 360.73
s
9
96.8 368.67
10
101.6 373.47
11
101.6 381.00
12
0 381.00
13
0
0.00
1
r2
mm
4.8
Taper
degrees
5
11
Taper o
r1
M
kg/m
55.01
Section
Designation
381x102x55
r2
2
Origin
Drawn Shape
95o
Dimensions
Notes
WeldCalc20100214
Company:
Address:

Non-registered copy
DGP International
Manchester M1 6HS
Tel : 0161 907 3500
Project:
Client:
Element:
Langley Lane
Costain
Made by
Date
SURK
16 April 2009
Checked
Retaining Wall
Page No
Job No
Revision
012345901 A12 R9
Coordinates for the Full Profile Weld of Parallel Flange Channels, PFC
b
mm
100
s
mm
9
t
mm
16.5
Node
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
x, mm
y, mm
0
100
100
24
9
9
24
100
100
0
0
0
0
16.5
16.5
31.5
268.5
283.5
283.5
300
300
0
r
mm
15
10
h
mm
300
1
Origin
Drawn Shape
M
Kg/m
45.52663
Section
Designation
300x100x46
Dimensions
Notes
File: 268616372.xlsx Tab: PFC-Profile
Company:
Address:

Non-registered copy
DGP International
Manchester M1 6HS
Tel : 0161 907 3500
Project:
Client:
Element:
Langley Lane
Costain
Made by
Date
SURK
16 April 2009
Checked
Retaining Wall
Page No
Job No
Revision
012345901 A12 R9
Coordinates for the Full Profile Weld of Circular Section

Pipe Diame 168.3
Drawn Shape
-90
-75
-60
-45
-30
-15
0
15
30
45
60
75
90
105
120
135
150
165
180
195
210
225
240
255
270
Node
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
x, mm
-84.15
-81.28
-72.88
-59.50
-42.08
-21.78
0.00
21.78
42.08
59.50
72.88
81.28
84.15
81.28
72.88
59.50
42.08
21.78
0.00
-21.78
-42.08
-59.50
-72.88
-81.28
-84.15
y, mm
0.00
21.78
42.08
59.50
72.88
81.28
84.15
81.28
72.88
59.50
42.08
21.78
0.00
-21.78
-42.08
-59.50
-72.88
-81.28
-84.15
-81.28
-72.88
-59.50
-42.08
-21.78
0.00
19
13
Origin
7
Notes
File: 268616372.xlsx Tab: CHS-Profile
Features of WeldCalc for

The Analysis and Design of Weld Groups
Subjected to Simultaneous Shear, Bending, Torsion and Axial Loading
by
Dr Shaiq U.R. Khan
BEng (Civil), MEng, PhD, PE, CEng, FIStructE
February 2010
WeldCalc helps design weld groups having any configuration of multi-linear weld lengths in an x-y plane.
It employs the elastic method to analyse weld groups subjected to 3 dimensional loading in the x, y and z
directions. Hence, the loading can comprise simultaneous tension, compression, shear, bending and or
torsion in x, y and z directions. When present, it takes into account the influence of unsymmetrical
bending in its analysis.
Features
The file size is under 1Mb.
Comprehensive documentation and sketches included within the template file to describe the analysis
method and to serve as reference during interactive use.
Sign convention for applied loads illustrated via 3D-Sketch on the screen and in the printed output for
ease of use and ready reference.
All calculation components shown on the screen and in the printed output. The user and the checker
both can verify results by hand calculations.
On the spot screen display of background information via comments, when moving the mouse pointer
over cells.
At each weld node, calculation and display of induced stresses.
WeldCalc offers 3 options to calculate the equivalent resultant stress. These options are Von Mises
Shear, Von Mises Axial and SRSS.
At each weld length, calculation and display of the load carried in x, y and z direction.
The influence of unsymmetrical bending is taken into account, when present.
Applied Loading: Point loads Fx, Fy and Fz and Moments Mx, My and Mz
Design weld strength can be any value to suit your design standard e.g. BS 5950 or BS449.
A weld group can have up to 30 linear lengths forming any weld configuration in the x-y plane.
Lines of weld can be continuous or discontinuous. Each continuous series of weld lengths being termed
as a PART, a weld group can have up to 15 separate PARTS connecting 30 nodes.
Live
display of
configuration
via sketchpoint
makes
obviouscomplex
at a glance.
The position
of weld
user group
origin can
be any convenient
for input
ease errors
in describing
weld
configurations.
The origin and centroid is shown in the weld group sketch for easy comprehension of input data and
analysis results.
WeldCalc
includes 5 worksheets for the calculation of coordinates for 5 standard sections. By inputting
basic dimensions of I, L, Channel, PFC & CHS sections, the coordinates for the full profiles of these
sections can be calculated and pasted into WeldCalc with ease and rapidity.
Database
facility within the WeldCalc file keeps each Weld Group data in its worksheet STORE. Using a
reference number starting from 1001upwards, each Weld Group can be retrieved, changed and redesigned with easily at a later time.
The Database in the worksheet STORE is visible to the user. Using spreadsheet features of Excel, new
data can be generated and the existing one examined and or modified.
Data for up to and over 10,000 Weld Groups can be stored within its file for later retrievals & revisions.
Rows can be added and or deleted in multiples of 10, starting from a minimum 200 rows.
Auto
Analysis facility is available via two columns in the Worksheet STORE. One column allows
selection for analysis and the other selection for printing. All SELECTED Weld Groups can therefore be
analysed and or their results printed by a mouse click.
Auto
Analysis facility also stores the analysis results in the worksheet STORE. The spreadsheet cells
showing inadequate strength becomes red in colour. After Auto Analysis, all Weld Groups having
inadequate strength become obvious at a glance.
A utilisation ratio for each Weld Group is calculated and shown in the worksheet "Store".
The template has virtually no user interface. The A4 size printed out matches the Screen Display.
Knowing Excel use and the ability to verify the output as a designer is sufficient for using WeldCalc.
Shaded cells in the spreadsheet mean User-Input and un-shaded cells Spreadsheet-Results. This
permits easy checking at a glance both by the user and the checker of WeldCalc output.
WeldCalc20100214
File: 268616372.xlsx Tab: Features
Page 14/25

User Notes for
The Analysis & Design of Weld Groups
Subjected to Simultaneous Shear, Bending, Torsion and Axial Loading
WeldCalc
by
Dr Shaiq U.R. Khan
BEng (Civil), MEng, PhD, PE, CEng, FIStructE
February 2010
Introduction
WeldCalc analyses any configuration of multi-linear weld lengths in an X-Y plane.
The loads can be shear, moment, torsion and axial applied simultaneously.
WeldCalc calculates the induced stress at each node and identifies the node most
highly stressed. It also calculates the magnitude of load resisted by each length of
weld in the x, y and z direction.
In order to asses adequacy of the weld profiles subjected to stresses in 3 directions,
WeldCalc offers 3 options for calculating the resultant equivalent stress. The 1st
option calculates the equivalent stress in shear, the 2nd in axial tension or
compression and the 3rd a vector sum SRSS.
A weld group can have up to 30 Nodes or 29 weld lengths. The line of weld lengths
can be continuous or discontinuous. Each continuous series of weld lengths is
termed as a Part and is given a reference number starting from 1 onwards. A weld
group can have up to 15 parts connecting 30 nodes in any multi-linear pattern.
Loading the Template on to your Computer

WeldCalc is supplied as an Excel Template, having .XLT as its filename extension.
You can use WeldCalc by opening its file directly or copying it into the Microsoft Office
folder for its Templates. Consult Microsoft Office documentation for the path to this
folder.
When opening the WeldCalc file, Excel issues a routine Warning about running
Macros and prompts whether or not to load them.
Answer YES to Load and Enable Macros. WeldCalc incorporates VB Macros and to
allow your computer to use them is vital for its operation.
Codes of Practice
WeldCalc is a weld analysis program for International use. It is not dependent on the
use of any specific code of practice.
However, to illustrate the use of WeldCalc and to discuss various weld details for
design purposes ,reference has been to the British Standard Code of Practice BS
5950-1: 2000 Part 1, Structural Use of Steelwork in Building1.
File: 268616372.xlsx Tab: Notes Page 15/25
Using WeldCalc
In addition to Job Information in the heading part, describe Applied Loads, Design
Strength and details for each weld length. The applied loads can be factored or unfactored depending upon the specified design strength of welds. The weld details
required are: part-number, coordinates x and y and throat thickness at each node.
WeldCalc also incorporates a data store facility. Information for up to and more than
10,000 weld groups is kept in the worksheet STORE. Clicking the "Store Existing
Data" command button in the top row, saves the current weld group data. Clicking the
"Get Stored Data" button retrieves the previously saved information.
In order to save or retrieve a weld group information, the Template uses a Datastore
Number. This number starting from 1001 upwards must be specified to store and or
retrieve a weld group data.
PLEASE NOTE that storing weld group data does not save the Excel File. To ensure
saving data to your hard disk, you must use Excel File, Save Pull Down Menu Option
in the usual Windows procedure.
Likewise, saving Excel file to hard disk does not store the existing screen data into the
worksheet "STORE". To do so, you must use "Store Existing Data" button before
saving the Excel file to hard disk.
Database of Weld Group Details and Applied Loading: Worksheet STORE

In each WeldCalc file, weld connection details and applied loads can be stored for well
ove 10,000 weld groups if required. Starting from a minimum of 200 members, data
rows are added and or deleted in multiples of 10 and up to 1000 rows at a time . The
maximum limit is a storage of 10,000 weld groups in one file.
Each weld group is referenced by a number in a range starting from 1001 upwards. All
information is kept in the worksheet STORE and is available to the user for use in the
design process.
A casual Excel user generally does not need to tweak or amend the STORE worksheet.
At the risk of upsetting this information, however, one can benefit by generating and
using this information by Copy, Paste-Special-Values and Fill-Down commands of Excel.
It is strongly recommended that Cut Command of Excel is not used on this worksheet;
using this command affects the worksheet layout and can disrupt the working of
WeldCalc. Similarly the use of Paste command (as opposed to Paste-Special-Values
command) can override the helpful cell formats.
An experienced Excel User can employ various Excel features to tweak or manage this
information. For example, user reference, title, design strength values can be generated
via Copy, Paste-Special-Values and Fill Down features of the spreadsheet.
Utilisation Ratio Limit and Values for Each Weld Profile

The data worksheet "Store" includes a column for displaying the utilisation ratio for each
weld profile. The ratio values are calculated when a weld profile data is stored.
The check limit for this ratio is generally 1 but it can be changed to any desired numerical
value. The cell specifying this ratio limit is in row 1 at head of the ratio column. When
the utilisation ratio for any weld profile exceeds this limit, the weld profile title and its
value cell changes to red. Hence all overstressed weld profiles become visible at a
glance.
weld profile. The ratio values are calculated when a weld profile data is stored.
The check limit for this ratio is generally 1 but it can be changed to any desired numerical
value. The cell specifying this ratio limit is in row 1 at head of the ratio column. When
the utilisation ratio for any weld profile exceeds this limit, the weld profile title and its
value cell changes to red. Hence all overstressed weld profiles become visible at a
glance.
Auto Analysis of Weld Groups
Use this facility to analyse and or print all weld groups by a single click of Auto
Analyse/Print Button in the top right corner of the screen.
To use this facility, two columns coloured in yellow to the right of the Store worksheet
are provided. One column is headed Analyse Y? and the other as Print ?. The Auto
Analyse/Print Button is located at the top of these two columns in the Worksheet Store.
Entering Y in these two columns, signifies that the respective weld group in a given row
need to be analysed and or printed. Leaving the cells blank signifies that respective weld
groups are not to be analysed or printed.
Auto Analysis facility is useful when all or a selected few weld groups are to be analysed
and or printed after updating the weld group details and loading in the STORE
worksheet.
Design of Fillet Welds

The vector sum of the design stresses due to all forces and moments transmitted by the
weld should not exceed the design strength. When this design strength is shear, the
valid option for the equivalent stress is Von Mises Shear",
When using BS 5950 the design strength pw under factored loads is 0.220 kN/mm2 for
S275 Grade, 0.250 kN/mm2 for Grade S355 and 0.280 kN/mm2 for Grade S460 (Table
37, Cl 6.8.5). As these design values are about 0.6 times the applicable weld yield
stresses, BS 5950 strength appear to represent the weld strengths in shear.
Throat Thickness
The size of the fillet is expressed by the length of the leg of the largest isosceles right
angle triangle that can be inscribed on the outline of the weld. The weld usually has
equal legs, but conditions may require the use of weld with unequal legs.
Thickness of the weld is measured by the perpendicular drawn from the intersection of
the legs on to the hypotenuse, as shown in the figure. This is called the throat thickness
or simply Throat of the fillet weld.
The strength of the fillet welds is related to the throat thickness and depends upon the
angle between the fusion faces. This relationship between the leg length s and the
throat thickness a for various angles between fusion faces is given as follows:
60o to 90o, a = 0.7 s

91o to 100o, a = 0.65 s
101o to 106o, a = 0.6 s
107o to 113o, a = 0.55 s
114o to 120o, a = 0.5 s
Fy, y
Weld size
s
My
a, throat
thickness
Penetration
Mz
Mx
Fz, z
Fx, x
+ve
+ve values
values
Sign
Sign Convention
Convention
Sign Convention
The sign convention is shown on the screen and in the printed output via sketch as
shown.
The applied point loads Fx, Fy and Fz are positive when acting in the direction of axes.
The applied moments Mx, My and Mz are positive Anti-clockwise when viewed looking
intoTab:
theNotes
origin.Page 17/25
File: 268616372.xlsx
The sign convention is shown on the screen and in the printed output via sketch as
shown.
Welds
in Shear,
Torsion
Axial
Loading
The applied point
loads
Fx, FyBending,
and Fz are
positiveand
when
acting
in the direction of axes.
The applied moments Mx, My and Mz are positive Anti-clockwise when viewed looking
into the origin.
Properties of Fillet Welds

The shape of fillet welds is usually triangular. As shown in the sketch, the outer surface of a
weld is reinforced, i.e. made convex, but in strength calculations this reinforcement is
ignored.
The failure of welds usually occurs in the throat section. This area is therefore used in
strength calculations of welded joints. It is equal to the summation of the throat thickness
multiplied by the weld length.
Other weld properties are also based on the throat area of welds. These properties are Ix,
Iy and Ixy. The origin for these properties is at centroid of the welds and they are calculated
by using x, y coordinates and the throat thickness defined by the user for each node.
Formulae for Stress Components

At each node, the components of stress in x, y and z direction are calculated by elastic
analysis, given by:
fx
fy
fz
Fx
Mzy
A
Ip
Fy
A
Mzx
Ip
M y I x M x I xy
M x I y M y I xy
Fz
x
y
2
2
A
I x I y I xy
I x I y I xy
Formulae for Induced Maximum Design Stress

At each node, the equivalent stress fe is
calculated using component stresses fx and fy
in shear and fz in axial tension or compression.
The maximum of these fe values is then
chosen and placed in the bottom cell.
The equation used for calculating fe depends
upon the method selected by the user via a pull
down menu. Three options are available
described in the adjacent.
Option 1 :
fe
3 ( f x2 f y2 ) f z2
Option 3 :
fe
f z2
fz
3
Von Mises Axial
f x2 f y2
Option 2 :
fe
Von Mises Shear
fz
SRSS
f x2 f y2 f z2
Option 1 Von Mises Shear

is generally meant for comparing the design strength in shear. The calculated
equivalent stress represents a stress value in shear. In general, the design strength
relevant to this case roughly equal to py/sqrt(3). For example, a value of 0.55 Us in
BS5950-1:2000, which implicitly assumes that the weld stress is in shear.
When designing fillet welds to BS5950, the design weld stresses happen to be:
0.800 py = 220 N/mm2 for S275,
0.704 py = 250 N/mm2 for S355 and
0.609 py = 280 N/mm2 for S460.
fz
Option 2 Von Mises Axial

is generally meant for comparing the design strength in tension or compression. The
calculated equivalent stress represents a stress value in tension or shear. In general,
the design strength relevant to this case roughly equal to the yield stress py.
Designing of fillet welds to Eurocode 3 involves the use of equation employed in this
option.
Option 3 SRSS
represents square root of the sum of square values. This option simply calculates the
resultant
stress
based
fx, fy and fz stress components.
File: 268616372.xlsx
Tab:
Notes
Pageon
18/25
calculated equivalent stress represents a stress value in tension or shear. In general,

the design strength relevant to this case roughly equal to the yield stress py.
Designing of fillet welds to Eurocode 3 involves the use of equation employed in this
option.
Option 3 SRSS
represents square root of the sum of square values. This option simply calculates the
resultant stress based on fx, fy and fz stress components.
Detailing Requirements for the Design of Welds

The following requirements are based on recommendations contained in Cl 6.7.2 BS
5950-1: 20001. They are intended for guidance only. A user may employ another
code of practice for such requirements.
Lap Joints
Minimum lap should be: L
>= 4t, where t is thickness
of the thinner part.
Single fillet weld should
only be used where parts
are restrained to prevent
opening of the joint.
L >=Tw
L >=4 t
L >=4 s
Length s ignored in
effective length L
Tw
transverse
weld spacing
End returns
Welds terminating at the
ends or sides should be
returned continuously
1
around the corners for a
distance >= 2 s (the weld
leg length), wherever it is
practicable. This detail is
particularly important for
welds in tension due to
bending.
Effective Length
The effective length of a run of fillet weld should be
taken as the over all length less one leg length, s, for
each end which does not continue round the corner
for a length of 2s, as shown in the sketch.
The effective length should be: L >= 4 s
Weld end
return >=2s
End Connections
Where the ends of an
element is connected only
by a longitudinal fillet, the
length of each weld
should be, L >= Tw, the
transverse spacing
s, leg
length
Welded end connection showing End Returns

Lap & Effective Length Requirements
L >=Tw
L >=4t
L >=4s
Section 1-1
s, ignored in L
Maximum Fillet Weld Size

The maximum leg length for a fillet weld is to be limited to the plate thickness less 2
mm. Hence if the plate thickness is 12 mm, the maximum fillet weld size would be 10
mm. This limit helps ensure that edge of the plate being welded is not burned and
provides a visual weld edge for checking its thickness.
Fillet Weld Size for Full Strength
Considering that the throat thickness controls the strength of fillet welds, the required
size of two fillet welds is 0.707 * plate thickness. Hence if the plate size is 15 mm, the
leg length of two fillet welds would be 0.707* 15 = 10.605 mm. This provides a total
throat thickness of 2 *0.707*10.605 = 15 mm, which is equal to the plate thickness.
Considering that the throat thickness controls the strength of fillet welds, the required
size of two fillet welds is 0.707 * plate thickness. Hence if the plate size is 15 mm, the
leg length ofWelds
two fillet
be 0.707*
15 =and
10.605
This provides a total
in welds
Shear,would
Bending,
Torsion
Axialmm.
Loading
throat thickness of 2 *0.707*10.605 = 15 mm, which is equal to the plate thickness.
Describing Weld Group Configuration

First estimate throat thickness for each length of weld in the joint and also select a
convenient point as origin for defining coordinates. Weld group configuration is then
defined by giving part-no, x-coordinate, y-coordinate and throat thickness at each
node.
Start using part-no from 1 onwards at first node. When the line of welds becomes
discontinuous or the throat thickness changes, increment the part-no by one for the
node at next weld length.
Six examples are included in the worksheet STORE of this template. They can be
viewed or recalled on the screen by giving their Datastore number from 1001 to 1006
after clicking Get Weld Group Data button. To illustrate data preparation, details of
the first 4 examples are explained below via sketches.
Example 1
This example has 4 parts and 8 Nodes. It represents junction of a UB section welded
at its top and bottom flanges and on either side of its web. To describe fillet weld legs
of 8 and 6 mm, the throat thickness of the horizontal and vertical weld lengths are 5.6
and 4.2 mm respectively.
288 kN
Weld Details:
Part, Node x,y Coordinates & Throat Thickness
Part1, Node 1: -86.6, 182.3, Throat 5.6
Part1, Node 2: +86.6, 182.3, Throat 5.6
Part2, Node 3: -86.6, -182.3, Throat 5.6
Part2, Node 4: +86.6, -182.3, Throat 5.6
Part3, Node 5: -5, +140, Throat 4.2
Part3, Node 6: -5, -140, Throat 4.2
Part4, Node 7: +5, +140, Throat 4.2
Part4, Node 8: +5, -140, Throat 4.2
Applied Loads:
Fy = 288 kN @ zo = 250 mm
y
Part 1
Part 3
8
Part 4
Part 2
Example 2
This example represents a circular weld of 400 mm diameter and 8 mm fillet weld. It
has 1 Part and 25 Nodes. The first and the last node numbers 1 and 25 are physically
coincident.
Only selected nodes and part data have been shown below for brevity.
Nodes 25, 1
y
x
250,000 kNmm
Node 7
450 kN
Node 19
Weld Details:
Part 1, Node 1: 0, 200, Throat 5.6
Part 1, Node 13: 0, -200, Throat 5.6
Part 1, Node 19: -200, 0, Throat 5.6
Applied Loads:
Fx = 450 kN @ yo = 100 mm & zo = 50 mm
Mz = 250,000 kNmm

Part 1, Node 13: 0, -200, Throat 5.6
Part 1, Node 19: -200, 0, Throat 5.6
Applied Loads:
250,000 kNmm
Fx = 450 kN @ yo = 100 mm & zo = 50 mm
Mz = 250,000 kNmm
Node 13
249.5 kN
Example 3
This example represents a closed trapezoidal weld of 5 mm fillet weld. It has 1 Part
and 5 Nodes. The first and the last node numbers 1 and 5 are physically coincident.
y
Node 4
Nodes 1,5
Weld Details:
Applied Loads:
Fy = 249.5 kN @ xo = 49.9 mm
x
Node 2
Example 4
Node 3
This example is an open trapezoidal 8 mm fillet weld having a 5.6 mm Throat

Thickness. It has therefore1 Part and 4 Nodes.
As shown in the sketch below, the weld group represents a 127x64 RSC (rolled steel
channel) welded to the inside flange of a 305 x 205 UC (universal column) section at
an angle. Acting at Centroid of the RSC, the applied axial load of Fy = 300 kN has an
eccentricity of Xo = 62.5 mm and Zo = 19.4 mm. The weld group is therefore
subjected to direct shear, bending and torsion simultaneously.
y
300 kN
2
300 kN
2
300 kN
y Section 2-2
Node 2
300 kN
Node 3
Node 1
Plan
Weld Details:
Applied Loads:
Fy = 300 kN @ xo = 62.5 mm and zo = 19.4 mm
x
Node 4
References
1 BS 5950: Structural use of steelwork in building

2
BS 5950-1:2000: Code of practice for design - Rolled and welded sections, 2001
DD ENV 1993-1-1: 1992; Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures
Part 1.1 General rules and rules for buildings
WeldCalc20100214
Notations
A
fe
Area of weld length or group equal to the weld length multiplied by its throat
thickness
Perpendicular distance from the root of the weld to a straight line joining the fusion
faces. Usually a = 0.7 s for angle between fusion faces from 60 to 90 degrees.
Equivalent shear/axial stress based on the fx, fy & fz values
Fx
Resultant applied load on the weld group in x-direction
fx
Fxw
Component of stress induced at a weld group node in x-direction

Load carried by a weld length or group in x-direction
Fy
Resultant applied load on the weld group in y-direction
fy
Fyw
Component of stress induced at a weld group node in y-direction

Load carried by a weld length or group in y-direction
Fz
Resultant applied load on the weld group in z-direction
fz
Fzw
Component of stress induced at a weld group node in z-direction

Load carried by a weld length or group in z-direction
L
Mx
Effective length of fillet weld; BS 5950 minimum values are: L>=T w, L>=4t & L>=
4s
Resultant
applied moment on the weld group about x-axis
My
Resultant applied moment on the weld group about y-axis
Mz
Resultant applied moment on the weld group about z-axis
pw
Design strength of fillet weld
py
s
SRSS
t
Tw
Yield stress
Leg length of fillet weld
Square root of the sum of squares (for calculating resultant stress vector)
Thickness of the thinner part being connected by welding
Transverse spacing of two fillet welds
Us
Specified minimum tensile strength of the parent metal
xc
Distance along x axis from centroid of the weld group
xo
Distance along x axis from origin chosen by the user
yc
Distance along y axis from centroid of the weld group
yo
Distance along y axis from origin chosen by the user
zc
Distance along z axis from centroid of the weld group
zo
Distance along z axis from origin chosen by the user
WeldCalc20100214
Terms & Conditions of CHSmember Use

Disclaimer
No Liability is accepted by Techno Consultants or its software authors for any direct,
indirect, consequential or incidental loss or damage arising out of the software use or any
mistakes and negligence in developing this software.
The organisation or person using the software bears all risks and responsibility for the
quality and performance of the software.
Your Usage
The software is intended to help you save time and effort in calculations. Please check
and validate all results carefully. You are responsible and liable for all consequences of its
use.
Software Distribution Policy
This product is being distributed as a part of our policy to pool, share and grow technical
expertise with fellow engineers. In the past we did so by using personal and direct
business contacts.
Availability of the Internet, now makes it possible to pool and share expertise with
engineers all over the world. You can freely use this product for your personal or business
design work.
This product, however, remains our copyright. You may also reproduce and distribute it
provided that each copy shall be a true and complete copy, including all copyright and
trademark notices and that such distribution shall not be for commercial purposes.
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We welcome funds to help our Research and Development work. You are welcome to
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Doing so shall enable you to become a formal member of our user team. Your details will
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The fee for formal registration is 15.00 for individuals and 45.00 for companies. Add
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71 Vicarage Avenue
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Cheshire SK8 7JP
England
With your payment please ensure to send us your full details i.e. Name, Company, Postal
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We welcome and value all comments and suggestions via email. However, we do not
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Your feedback is very important to us. You can download software and obtain the latest
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Email: shaiq@technouk.com
WeldCalc20100214
File: 268616372.xlsx Tab: Terms
Page 24/25
Revision History of WeldCalc

V20010114
V20010424
V20041115
V20090709
V20090716
V20100214
1st Issue: 14 January 2001

2nd Issue: 24 April 2001
Correction made in the sign of My, when calculating stress fz in unsymmetrical
bending. Location angle of principal axes relative to x-axis shown/calculated.
3rd Issue: 15 November 2004
Option to find stress resultant using SRSS OR EuroCode (Von Mises) formula
4th Issue: 07 July 2009
Address updated in Worksheet "Term"
5th Issue: 07 July 2009
Coordinates for various section profiles added; SRSS & Von Mises Option
Stored, Job Details Stored
Formulae options for equivalent stress fe extened to include Von Mises Shear,
Von Mises Axial & SRSS. Also a limit introudced so that fe >=fz.
WeldCalc20100214
File: 268616372.xlsx Tab: Rev

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Welds in Shear, Bending, Torsion and Axial Loading

Weld Coordinates (Channel Sections)

Weld Coordinates (Parallel Flange Channel Sections)

Weld Coordinates (Pipes, Circular Sections)

and Conditions of Use

Data Storage Note

2001-10 Dr Shaiq Khan, Techno Consultants Ltd

Company: ABC Company

2001-10 Dr Shaiq Khan, Techno Consultants Ltd

User Registration No: Unregistered Copy

XYZ Street, City, Country, Post Code

Weld Group in X-Y Plane

Weld Group in Direct Shear, Bending and Torsion

User Reference: Main Truss Joint

DataStore No: 1010

Load Position from Origin:

Load Position from Centroid:

Centroid of Weld Group from Origin:

Load Eccentricity Moments at Centroid:

Equivalent Stress Calculation Method:

Resultant Moments on the Weld Group:

Weld Group Properties about its Centroid (x to u-axis angle = 0 deg):

Stress Components & Resultant at Each Node:

Force Resultants in Each Weld Length:

Force Resultants in the Weld Group

Combined Properties for the Weld Group

Maximum of fz & fe:

Weld Group in Direct Shear, Bending & Torsion

Valid Design Maximum Stress:

File: 268616372.xlsx Tab: Store

Date Printed: 05/01/2015

File: 268616372.xlsx Tab: Store

Date Printed: 05/01/2015

File: 268616372.xlsx Tab: Store

Date Printed: 05/01/2015

File: 268616372.xlsx Tab: Store

Date Printed: 05/01/2015

Welds in Shear, Bending, Torsion and Axial Loading

File: 268616372.xlsx Tab: Store

Utilisation Ratio Limit: 1.000

Welds in Shear, Bending, Torsion and Axial Loading

File: 268616372.xlsx Tab: Store

Utilisation Ratio Limit: 1.000

Date Printed: 05/01/2015

2009 Techno Consultants

Coordinates for the Full Profile Weld of UB & UC Sections

File: 268616372.xlsx Tab: I-Profile

Date Printed: 05/01/2015

2009 Techno Consultants

Coordinates for the Full Profile Weld of L-Sections

2001-10 Dr Shaiq Khan, Techno Consultants Ltd

2009 Techno Consultants

2001-10 Dr Shaiq Khan, Techno Consultants Ltd

2009 Techno Consultants

File: 268616372.xlsx Tab: PFC-Profile

Date Printed: 05/01/2015

2009 Techno Consultants

Coordinates for the Full Profile Weld of Circular Section

File: 268616372.xlsx Tab: CHS-Profile

Date Printed: 05/01/2015

Welds in Shear, Bending, Torsion and Axial Loading

Features of WeldCalc for

File: 268616372.xlsx Tab: Features