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A summary of essential
differences between EC2 and
BS8110
Prof Tan Kang Hai
Email: D-PTRC@ntu.edu.sg
Director of Protective Technology Research Centre (PTRC)
School of Civil & Environmental Engineering
All the rights of 11 lecture materials belong to Tan Kang Hai
Outline
Similarities and differences of BS8110 and EC2
Influence of material behaviour
Outline
Similarities and differences of BS8110 and EC2
Influence of material behaviour
Similarities
of BS8110 and EC2
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Influence of
material behaviour
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Plastic analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
Differences
between BS8110 and EC2
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Influence of
material behaviour
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Outline
Similarities and differences of BS8110 and EC2
Influence of material behaviour
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Influence of
material behaviour
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Influence of
material behaviour
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
Class 1
Class 2
Class 3
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Influence of
material behaviour
k=ft/fy indicates ductility; the greater the k value, the longer is the
plateau or the plastic zone uk.
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
fyd
fyk
fyk
500 103
0.00217
0.87fyk y
6
s Es 1.15200 10
1.15
9
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Influence of
material behaviour
Basis of design
and load
combination
Wire Fabrics
A
400 to 600
Requirement or
quantile value (%)
5.0
1.05
1.08
1.15
<1.35
1.05
1.08
1.15
<1.35
10.0
2.5
5.0
7.5
2.5
5.0
7.5
10.0
Global geometric
imperfections
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
Characteristic strain at
maximum force,
(%)
Bendability
Shear strength
Maximum
deviation
from nominal
mass
(individual
bar of wire)
(%)
Nominal
bar size
(mm)
8
>8
Bend/Rebend test
-
6.0
4.5
Minimum
5.0
10
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Influence of
material behaviour
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
BS 4449:2005
+A2:2009
B500A
Yield strength,
Re
MPa
500
Total elongation at
maximum force, Agt
%
1.05a
2.5b
B500B
500
1.08
5.0
B500C
500
1.15,<1.35
7.5
11
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Influence of
material behaviour
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
12
Similar to BS specification
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Influence of
material behaviour
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
BS system:
notation is T
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
13
Outline
Similarities and differences of BS8110 and EC2
Influence of material behaviour
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Influence of
material behaviour
Load combinations
according to EC0
Leading variable action and accompanying variable action:
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
(6.10)
BS 8110
EC2
1.4DL + 1.6LL
1.35Gk + 1.5Qk
1.4DL + 1.6W
1.35Gk + 1.5Wk
1.2DL + 1.2LL +
1.2W
0.5x1.5Wk
15
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Load combinations
To be applied together
according to EC0
Influence of
material behaviour
(6.10a)
Basis of design
and load
combination
(6.10b)
Global geometric
imperfections
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
Ultimate states
Eq. (6.10)
Combinations of actions
1.35 Gk + 1.5 Qk + 1.5*0.5Wk
1.35 Gk + 1.5*0.5Wk
Eq. (6.10b)
For STR, GEO
For unfavourable
permanent
actions single
source principle
in EC0 - Table
16
A1.2 (B) Set B
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Influence of
material behaviour
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Load combinations
according to EC0
Instantaneous value of Q
Characteristic value Qk
t 1
t 2
t 3
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
Time
17
1. BS EN 1990:2002 (EC0)
OTHER REPRESENTATIVE VALUES OF VARIABLE ACTIONS:
For:
1) ULS and
For:
For:
1) ULS
and
involving
accidental
actions, and
2) Irreversible SLS
2) Reversible SLS
2) Reversible SLS
actions
(consider the reduced probability
18
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Load combinations
according to EC0
Influence of
material behaviour
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Combination
Permanent action
Gd
Variable action Qd
Leading
Others
Characteristic
Gk,j
Qk,1
0,iQk,i
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Frequent
Gk,j
1,1Qk,1
2,iQk,i
Design of columns
Quasipermanent
Gk,j
2,1Qk,1
2,iQk,i
Detailing of
members
19
Load combinations
according to EC0
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Influence of
material behaviour
w wmax
Basis of design
and load
combination
Exposure
Global geometric
imperfections
Prestressed
prestressed members
members with
bonded tendons
(quasi-permanent load
(frequent load
combination)
combination)
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
X0, XC1
0.3a
0.2
0.3
0.2b
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
XS3
a
For X0, XC1 exposure classes, crack width has no influence on durability and this limit is set to produce
acceptable appearance. In the absence of specific requirements for appearance this limit may be relaxed.
b
For these exposure classes, in addition, decompression should be checked under the quasi-permanent
combination of loads.
c
wmax = 0.2 mm applies to parts of the member that do not have to be checked for decompression.
20
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Influence of
material behaviour
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
21
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Load combinations
according to EC2 Cl 5.1.3
Influence of
material behaviour
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
1.35Gk + 1.5Qk
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
1.35Gk + 1.5Qk
1.35Gk
1.35Gk + 1.5Qk
1.4Gk + 1.6Qk
1.0Gk
1.4Gk + 1.6Qk
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
1.35Gk + 1.5Qk
1.35Gk
1.35Gk
1.0Gk
1.4Gk + 1.6Qk
1.0Gk
22
Outline
Similarities and differences of BS8110 and EC2
Influence of material behaviour
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Influence of
material behaviour
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
When to consider
geometric imperfections?
In EC2, there is no notional
horizontal load.
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Influence of
material behaviour
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
When to consider
geometric imperfections?
Imperfection loads are quantified by three considerations:
Global analysis of building structures.
Analysis of isolated vertical members.
Analysis of floor diaphragms as horizontal elements
transferring forces to bracing members.
Only imperfection loads in global analysis are similar to
notional horizontal loads, although they are very different in
the way to be considered.
Imperfections need not be considered for serviceability limit
states.
25
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Influence of
material behaviour
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
How to consider
geometric imperfections?
The structure is assumed with inclination l, given by:
where: 0 is the basic value (0 = 1/200)
h is the reduction factor for height
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
How to consider
geometric imperfections?
Influence of
material behaviour
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Influence of
material behaviour
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
How to consider
geometric imperfections?
Lateral load case: in BS 8110: Hdesign = Max(HN, 1.2Wk)
However, in EC 2: Hdesign = 1.0 Hi + FWk
where Hi is horizontal loads for geometric imperfection
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
28
Outline
Similarities and differences of BS8110 and EC2
Influence of material behaviour
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Influence of
material behaviour
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Influence of
material behaviour
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Influence of
material behaviour
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
32
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Influence of
material behaviour
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
33
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Influence of
material behaviour
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
Outline
Similarities and differences of BS8110 and EC2
Influence of material behaviour
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Influence of
material behaviour
Basis of design
and load
combination
Methodology
EC2 uses The Variable Strut Inclination Method for shear
design.
BS 8110 uses Truss Analogy with truss angle = 450
DC : the concrete acts as the
diagonal struts;
Global geometric
imperfections
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Influence of
material behaviour
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
EC2
1. = 45o
1. = 21.8o 45o
37
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Influence of
material behaviour
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
38
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Control perimeters
Influence of
material behaviour
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
39
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Influence of
material behaviour
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
Control perimeters
For slabs with enlarged column heads where lH > 2hH, the
control sections both within the head and in the slab should
be checked. For circular columns:
rcont,ext lH 2d 0.5c
rcont,int 2 d hH 0.5c
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
40
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Influence of
material behaviour
How to calculate b?
MEd u1
b 1 k
VEd W1
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
c12
W1
c1c2 4c2d 16d 2 2 dc1
2
41
Outline
Similarities and differences of BS8110 and EC2
Influence of material behaviour
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Differences in symbols
Influence of
material behaviour
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
43
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Differences in symbols
Influence of
material behaviour
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
44
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Differences in design
Influence of
material behaviour
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
45
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Differences in design
Influence of
material behaviour
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
46
Outline
Similarities and differences of BS8110 and EC2
Influence of material behaviour
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Influence of
material behaviour
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
48
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Influence of
material behaviour
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
49
Similarities and
differences of
BS8110 and EC2
Influence of
material behaviour
Basis of design
and load
combination
Global geometric
imperfections
Nonlinear versus
linear elastic
analysis
Shear design of
beams and slabs
Design of columns
Detailing of
members
50
Detailing of members
DESIGN ANCHORAGE LENGTH
51
Detailing of members
DESIGN ANCHORAGE LENGTH lbd
52
53
Thank You!
54