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ABSTRACT
In this paper, we present space shift keying (SSK) as a new modulation scheme, which is based on spatial modulation(SM)
concepts. space shift keying (SSK) modulation is used to study a wireless communication system .In SSK, the indices of the
transmit antennas form the constellation symbols and no other data symbol are transmitted. The transmitter and the receiver
communicate through a direct link and the existing relays Space shift keying (SSK) is a MIMO technique which activates a
single transmit-antenna during each time instant and uses the activated antenna index to implicitly convey information In SSK,
it is the antenna index used during transmission that relays information, rather than the transmitted symbols themselves.
Keywords: multipleinputmultipleoutput (MIMO) systems, space shift keying (SSK) modulation, spatial
lmodulation (SM),(Ultra wide band)UWB
1.INTRODUCTION
In this case an array of symbols are layered in space, and transmitted simultaneously over all antennas. Spatial
multiplexing requires synchronizing all antennas to transmit at the same time, and introduces interference from all
antennas during reception, making detection schemes for complex so we are going for ssk modulation scheme In SSK
antenna indices are used as the only means to relay information, which makes it somewhat a special case of SM.
3.SYSTEM MODEL
The general system model consists of a MIMO wireless link with Nt transmit and Nr receive antennas, which is
illustrated in Fig. 1. the transmitter encodes blocks of log2 (Nt) data bits into the index of a single transmit antenna,
which is switched on for data transmission while all the other antennas are kept silent A random sequence of
independent bits b =[ a1 a2 ak ] enters a channel encoder with output Y=[y1 y2yn] where k and n represent the
number of encoder inputs and outputs, respectively. The pseudo randomly interleaved sequence p then enters an SSK
mapper, where groups of m = log2 (Nt) bits are mapped to a constellation vector x =[x1 x2 xNt]. ) the receiver
solves an Nthypothesis detection problem to estimate the transmitantenna that is not idle, which results in the
estimation of the unique sequence of bits emitted by the encoder
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0 ]T
0 ]T
[0
0 ]T
[0
1 ]T
[0 0]
[1 0
[0 1]
[0
[1 0]
[1
1]
4.DETECTION
The actual antenna index is assumed to be known at the receiver, and remains the same regardless of the transmitted
symbol. If, on the other hand, both the antenna index and the transmit symbol convey information, the modulation
scheme is no longer APM, but rather SM the detectors main function is to determine the antenna index used at the
transmitter Since the channel inputs are assumed equally likely, the optimal detector is maximum likelihood (ML)
which is given by
arg max
I
5.CONCLUSION
In this paper, we introduced the basic concept of SSK and what is the advantages of SSK over other modulation
technique for MIMO wireless links. We laid out SSK fundamentals as the building ground for hybrid modulation
schemes (i.e., combination of SSK and APM) such as in while also providing closed form upper bounds on the bit
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error probability SSK, which was shown to achieve higher capacity results than APM.. These advantages make SSK a
promising candidate for low complexity transceivers in next generation communication systems
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