MAGNE

TIC
DIVER
By D N VASISHT
Class 12 A
BOARD Roll no.-

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the PHYSICS project
titled MAGNETIC DIVER has been
successfully completed by DN VASISHT of
Class XII in partial fulfillment of curriculum
of CENTRAL BOARD OF SECONDARY
EDUCATION (CBSE) leading to the award of
annual examination of the year 2014-2015.

INTERNAL EXAMINER
TEACHER IN CHARGE

ACKNOWLEDGEME
NT
It gives me great pleasure to express my
gratitude towards our Physics teacher MRS
PRAGYA NOPANY for her guidance, support
and encouragement throughout the
duration of the project. Without her
motivation and help the successful
completion of this project would not have
been possible.

DN VASISHT

AIM
To investigate and understand the working
of a magnetic diver by studying induction in
a test tube.

APPARATUS
Following is the apparatus for the
investigation 30m coil

Test tube
Iron nail
Styrofoam ball
3V Battery

SCHEMATIC
DIAGRAMS

INTRODUCTION
Electromagnetic induction is the production
of an electromotive force across a
conductor when it is exposed to a varying
magnetic field. It is described
mathematically by Faraday's law of
induction, named after Michael Faraday who
is generally credited with the discovery of
induction in 1831.

Faraday's law of
induction

Faraday's law of induction is a basic law of

electromagnetism predicting how a
magnetic field will interact with an electric
circuit to produce an electromotive force
(EMF)a phenomenon called
electromagnetic induction. It is the
fundamental operating principle of
transformers, inductors, and many types of
electrical motors, generators and solenoids
The most widespread version of Faraday's law states:
The induced electromotive force in any closed circuit is
equal to the negative of the time rate of change of the
magnetic flux enclosed by the circuit.
Faraday's law states that the EMF is also given by the rate
of change of the magnetic flux:

LENZ LAW

Lenz's law is named after Heinrich Lenz, and it says:

An induced electromotive force (emf) always gives rise to a
current whose magnetic field opposes the original change
in magnetic flux.

Lenz's law is shown with the negative sign in Faraday's

law of induction:

This indicates that the induced emf () and the change in

magnetic flux (B) have opposite signs. As such it is a
qualitative law that refers to the direction of induced
current and its magnetic field without quantitatively
defining their magnitudes.

PROCEDURE

Stand a test tube with water on a

rubber base. Wind 30 m of insulated

copper wire.
Poke a paper pin in a Styrofoam ball. The
ball
And pin must just float in water.
Scrape the insulation from the ends of
the coil
and attach them to a 1.5-volt
battery.

OBSERVATIONS
EXPERIMENT

OBSERVATIONS

Connected the battery to

the coil.

The coil will become an electromagnet and the pin-ball will

take a deep dive

Disconnected the
battery.

The pin will rise up.

DISCUSSION ON
OBSERVATION
When the coil is connected to the battery,
a current flows through it which
generates a magnetic field. The coil acts
like a solenoid and the iron nail behaves
like an electromagnet. There is uniform
magnetic field inside the solenoid and at
the mouth of the solenoid there is
magnetic field of lesser magnitude. Due to
this the iron nail experiences a net force
downwards and hence dips into the water.
But when the battery is removed, the
magnetic field disappears and the iron
loses it magnetism and the nail pops up.

CONCLUSION
Form the above experiment we can see that the
phenomenon of electromagnetic induction can be
used to demonstrate various experiments. In this
experiment we can see the phenomenon of
electromagnetic induction is responsible for
making the iron nail dip into the water.

PRECAUTIONS
Coil should be cleaned with sandpaper and insulation
should be removed.
Remove the battery when not in use.

 Ensure that the nail floats in water.

SOURCES OF ERROR
The nail may be very light and hence does not go into the
water.
The coil may not be wounded properly around the test tube.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/arvindgupta/toys/
pdf/ttinducdoit.pdf
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenz%27s_law

 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faraday
%27s_law_of_induction
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_induct
ion

EXPERIMENT
PHOTOS

SUGGESTIONS
FOR FURTHER
ACTIVITY
The activity can be improvised by using
different liquids in the test tube and
finding out the extent to which the nails
dips in the water.