IX.

PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT
Generic

Brand

Classifica Indication

Action

Adverse Reaction

Time

& Nursing Considerations

Name

Name

tion

Paraceta

Calpo

Analgesi

Relief

mol

cs

mild-to-

fever

moderate

inhibiting the vomiting, abdominal

intensity, duration, temperature,

pain;

effects

and

treatment

pyrogens on hepatic

of fever.

the

seizure(overdose,

Assess

hypothalamu

Renal

rash, urticaria; if these occur,

Dosage
of Decreases Stimulation,

BID & 1 Assess patients fever or

by drowsiness, nausea, tab

of pain,

hepatotoxicity,

failure(high,

heat prolonged

regulating

doses),

leucopenia,

pain:

drug

typeof

pain,

location,

diaphoresis.

allergic

may

have

reactions:

to

be

discontinued.

centers & by neutropenia,

a

hemolytic

hypothalami

(long

term

anemia
use)

action thrombocytopenia,

leading

to pancytopenia,

rash,

Teach patient to recognize

signs

of

bleeding,
fever,

chronic
bruising,
sore

overdose:
malaise,
throat.

IX. PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT

sweating

& urticaria,

vasodilatatio

hypersensitivity,

Tell patient to notify prescriber

n.

cyanosis,

anemia,

for pain/ fever lasting for more

jaundice,

CNS,

Relieves
pain

stimulation,

delirium

by followed by vascular

inhibiting

collaps, convulsions,

prostaglandi

coma, death.

synthesis

at the CNS
but does not
have

anti-

inflammatory
action
because
its

of

minimal

effect

on

than 3 days.

IX. PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT

peripheral
prostaglandi
n synthesis.

Generi

Brand

Classificati

Name

on

Name
Albuter

salbuta

Bronchodil

To control and It

ol

mol

ator

prevent

nasal

ssness,

(therapeuti

reversible

congestion

apprehensio

during peak of medication.

c)

airway

and

n,

anxiety,

Observe fore paradoxical spasm

obstruction

reversible

fear,

CNS

and withhold medication and notify

sulfate

Indication

Action

Adverse

Time & Nursing Interventions

Reaction

Dosage

relieves CNS: Restle

caused

by bronchospa

asthma

or sm

TID
4-8mg

stimulation,

by hyperkinesia
insomnia,

& Assess lung sounds, PR and BP

before drug administration and

physician if condition occurs.

Administer PO medications with

chronic

relaxing the ,

obstructive

smooth

pulmonary

muscles of drowsiness,

swallowed-whole. It should not be

disorder

the

crushed or chewed.

tremor,

irritability,

meals to minimize gastric irritation.

Extended-release tablet should be

IX. PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT

(COPD)

bronchioles. weakness,

If administering medication through

Quick relief for The

relief vertigo,

inhalation, allow at least 1 minute

bronchospasm

nasal headache

between

For

from

the congestion

prevention

of and

inhalation

of

aerosol

CV: Cardiac

medication.

arrhythmias,

Advise the patient to rinse mouth

tachycardia,

with water after each inhalation to

exercise-

bronchospa

induced

sm is made palpitations,

minimize dry mouth.

bronchospasm

possible by PVCs (rare),

Inform the patient that Albuterol

Long-term

the

may cause an unusual or bad taste

control
for

anginal pain

agent following

Dermatologi

patients mechanism

c: Sweating,

with chronic or that

takes pallor,

persistent

place when flushing

bronchospasm

Salbutamol

GI: Nausea,

is

vomiting,

administere

heartburn,

d.

unusual

or

IX. PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT

increases,

bad taste in

kinases are mouth

activated.

GU: Increas

Kinases

ed incidence

inhibit

the of

phosphoryla leiomyomas
tion

of of

uterus

myosin and when

given

decrease

in

higher

intracellular

than human

calcium.

doses

Decreased

preclinical

in

studies

intracellular

Respiratory:

in

calcium will Respiratory

result to the difficulties,
relaxation of pulmonary

IX. PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT

the smooth edema,
muscle

coughing, br

airways

onchospasm
, paradoxical
airway
resistance
with
repeated,
excessive
use

of

inhalation
preparations

IX. PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT

Generic

Brand

Cassificati

Name

Name

on

Indication

Action

Adverse

Time

Reaction

&

Nursing Interventions

Dosag
Ambrox

Ambrol

ol

ex

Mucolytics

Treatment

It

makes Mild,

of acute & phlegm

GI

in irritation

e
60-

Take immediately after meals.

120

Determine

history

chronic

the airways &

mg

of hypersensitivityreactions

respiratory

thinner and discomfo

OD

tocephalosporins,penicillins,

tract

less sticky. It rt,

disorders

does this by Diarrhea,

drugs,before therapy isinitiated.

associated

increasing

with

the

abnormal

natural

fullness

sitesfrequently for signs of phlebitis.

bronchial

production

&

mucus

of

nausea.

Report

secretion,

surfactant.

ex.

abdomin

body's al

historyof

Inspect

and

allergies,particularly

IM

onset

and

of

to

IVinjection

loosestools

or

diarrhea.Althoughpseudomembranous

IX. PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT

ex.

This

colitis.

Bronchitis,

contributes

bronchial

to

asthma,

secretomoto

Especiallyimportant

pneumoni

ric effect: it

patients

a % other helps

the

pulmonary

cilia

disease.

hairs

that

Adjuvant

line

the

in

tiny

the respiratory

treatment

tract

of

transport the

sinusitis,

phlegm out

rhinitis
other

to

& of the lungs.

Here

is

inflammato step-by-step
ry

description

Monitor

I&O

rates
in

andpattern:
severelyill

receivinghigh

Reportany significantchanges.

doses.

IX. PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT

diseases
of

of

how

the Ambroxol

nasal
cavity

works:
&

throat.

Generic

Brand

Name
Carvedil

Name
Coreg

ol

Classification

Indication

Autonomic

Management

Nervous

of

Agent hypertension,

Alpha-

and congestive

antagonist;

Adverse

Adrenergic

Reaction
Dosage
Interventions
Body as a 3.125 mg. 1. monitor for

essential receptors

System

beta- adrenergic heart

Action

whole:

blocking
agent

that sweating,

in conjunction selective

antihypertensive with
heart

& BID

Increased

failure, combines

fatigue,
chest

& Nursing

therapeutic
effectiveness
which is indicate
by lessening of

pain,

other alpha

pain,

failure activity

and arthralgia.

medications.

Time

S&S of CHF and

improved

blood

pressure control.

nonselective

CV:

2.

Lab

beta-

Bradycardia,

Monitor

tests:
liver

IX. PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT

adrenergic

hypotension,

function

blocking

syncope,

periodically;

at

actions. Both hypertension

first

of

activities

hepatic

, AV block,

contribute to angina.

GI:

tests

sign

stop

toxicity,

drug

and

blood

Diarrhea,

notify physician.

pressure

nausea,

3.

reduction.

abdominal

worsening

of

Peripheral

pain,

symptoms

in

vasodilatatio

vomiting.

patients

and, Respiratory:

Monitor

for

with

PVD.

therefore,

sinusitis,

4.

Monitor

decreased

bronchitis.

digoxin

peripheral

Hematologic

with

concurrent

resistance

use;

plasma

levels

results from Thrombocyt

digoxin

alpha-

concentration

openia.

IX. PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT

blocking

Metabolic:

activity

of Hyperglyce

coreg. It is 3- mia,

weight

may increase.
5.

You

may

experience

5 times more increased,

dizziness

potent

faintness, as a

than gout.

CNS:

or

labetalol

in Dizziness,

risk of orthostatic

lowering

headache,

hypotension.

blood

paresthesias

6. Do not engage

pressure.

hazardous
activities

while

experiencing
dizziness.

IX. PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT

Generic

Brand

Classificatio

Indication

Name

Name

Ceftriaxon

Roxephin

Antiinfective;

Infections

Antibiotic

caused

Action

Adverse Reaction

Time & Nursing

Dosag

susceptible

Semisyntheti
by c

e
Body as a whole: 1-2

third Pruritus, fever, chills, grams

generation

organisms in cephalospori
lower

respiratory

Preferentially

Interventions
Determine
history

of

pain, induration at IM OD

hypersensitivit

injection

y reactions to

site;

antibiotic. phlebitis(IV site). GI:

diarrhea, abdominal

cephalosporin
and

penicillin

tract, skin and binds to one cramps,

and history of

skin

or

other,

structures,

the penicillin- s

more

of pseudomembraneou
colitis,

biliary

allergies,

IX. PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT

urinary

tract, binding

sludge.

Urogenital:
pruritus;

bones

and proteins

genital

joints;

also (PBP)

moniliasis.
on

particularly
drugs,

to

before

therapy

is

intra-

located

abdominal

cell walls of

Lab

infections,

susceptible

perform culture

pelvic

organisms.

and sensitivity

inflammatory

This

tests

disease,

third and final

initiation

uncomplicate

stage

therapy

inhibits

of

initiated.
tests:

before
of
and

d gonorrhea, bacterial cell

periodically

meningitis

during therapy.

and

wall

surgical synthesis,

prophylaxis.

thus

killing

Dosage maybe
started

the

pending

bacterium.

results.
Periodic

tests

IX. PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT

coagulation
studies (PT &
INR) should be
done.
Inspect
injection
for

sites

induration

and
inflammation
rotate

sites.

Note

IV

injection
for

sites

signs

of

phlebitis
(redness,
swelling pain).
Check

for

IX. PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT

fever

if

diarrhea
occurs. Report
both promptly.

Generic

Brand

Name
Dobutamin

Name
n
Dobutrex Autonomic

Classificatio

Indication
Isotropic

support

Action

Adverse

Time

in Produces

Reaction
All:

Dosage
2.5-15

Interventions
Correct

Generally

mcg/kg/mi

hypovolemia

n IV

by

Nervous

short-term treatment of isotropic

System

adults

with

cardiac effect

Agent : Beta- decompensation due to acting

Adrenergic

depressed myocardial beta

by close
on related.
CNS:

& Nursing

administraton
of appropriate

IX. PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT

Agonist

contractility(cardiogeni

receptors and Headache,

c shock) resulting from primarily

either

organic

on tremors,

heart myocardial

volume
expanders

paresthesias

prior

to

disease or from cardiac alpha-

initiation

of

surgery.

adrenergic

cramps,

therapy.

receptors.

nervousness

Monitor

Increases

, fatigue(with

therapeutic

cardiac

overdosage)

effectiveness

output

mild

leg

and CV:

at any given

deceases

increased

dosage level

pulmonary

heart

10-20

wedge

and

rate
bp,

To

mins.
produce

pressure and premature

peak effects.

total systemic ventricular

Monitor ECG

vascular

beats,

and

resistance

palpitation.

continuously

with

Other:

during

BP

IX. PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT

comparatively Nonspecific

administration

little

Observe

or

no chest

effect

pain,

on shortness of

blood

breath.

patients with
pre

existing

pressure.

hypertension

Also

closely

increases

exaggerated

conduction

presser

through
node.

AV
Has

lower
potential

for

precipitating
arrhythmias
than
dopamine.

response.

for

IX. PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT

Generic

Brand

Classificatio

Indication

Action

Name

Name

Ketorolac

Toradol

CNS Agent; Short-term

It

NSAID,

management

synthesis

Analgesic;

of pain; ocular prostaglandins

Antipyretic

itching due to and

Adverse

Time & Nursing Interventions

reaction

Dosag

inhibits CNS:

is

of drowsiness,
dizziness,

a headache. GI:

seasonal

peripherally

Nausea,

allergic

acting

dyspepsia,

e
300mg

Correct

BID

prior to administration

IVTT

of ketorolac.

hypovolemia

Monitor urine output

in older adults and

GI

patient with a history

IX. PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT

conjunctivitis.

analgesics.

pain,

of

cardiac

Ketorolac does hemorrhage.

decompensation,

not have any Other: Edema,

renal

known

effects sweating, pain

heart failure, or liver

opial at injection site.

dysfunctions as well

on
receptors.

as

impairment,

those

taking

diuretics
. Discontinuation of
drug will return urine
output to pretreatment
level.
Monitor

for

fluid

retention and edema

in a patients with a
history of CHF.

IX. PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT