Chapter 18

The French Revolution

Chapter 18
The French Revolution
The Crisis of the French Monarchy
1.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

King Louis XVI convened the Estates General in order to:

gain support for war against England.
gain support for an expedition to quash the rebellion in the colony of Saint Domingue.
raise tax revenues.
resolve the question of voting rights for the peasantry.
gain support for his push to end papal power in France.

2.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

The French parlements spoke for the interests of this group:

the aristocracy.
the peasantry.
the guilds.
the clergy.
the poor.

3.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

He was responsible for the introduction of the revolutionary land tax that all landowners would have to pay
regardless of their social status:
Jacques Necker.
Louis XIV.
Rene Maupeou.
Charles Alexandre de Calonne.
Louis XV.

4.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

The Parlement of Paris declared that only the:

king could institute new taxes.
Estates General could establish new taxes.
parliament itself could institute new taxes.
National Assembly could institute new taxes.
Peoples Assembly could institute new taxes.

The Revolution of 1789

5.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

The Second Estate of the Estates General was made up of the:

clergy.
middle class.
artisans.
peasants.
nobility.

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Chapter 18

The French Revolution

6.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

By which of the following ways did the aristocracy attempt to limit the influence of the Third Estate:
they demanded that each estate have an equal number of representatives.
they levied excessive luxury taxes on the estate.
they demanded that each individual should have a vote in the Estates General.
they attempted to disband the estate all together.
they prevented delegates from attending the Estates General.

7.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

The cahiers de doleances presented to the king included all of the following grievances EXCEPT criticism of:
government waste.
indirect taxes.
the hunting rights of the aristocracy.
the institution of monarchy as a whole.
corruption.

8.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

The Tennis Court Oath refers to an oath taken by the:

National Assembly to give France a constitution.
monarchy of Louis XVI to bring Frances people together as one.
National Assembly to unite all those not of noble birth or clerical relations and represent the people of France.
monarchy of Louis XVI to squelch any hint of possible rebellion with the utmost severity.
personal guards protecting Louis XVI to confirm that they would never abandon the monarch.

9.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

Throughout the winter and spring of 1789, the high prices for this commodity produced many riots:
wine.
cotton.
cheese.
bread.
beef.

10.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen was proclaimed by:
Louis XVI.
the National Constituent Assembly.
the National Assembly.
the First Estate.
Olympe de Gouges.

11.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

During the Great Fear:

peasants demanded the execution of Louis XVI.
the liberal nobles attained new titles and wealth.
peasants reclaimed rights and property they had lost to aristocratic resurgence.
the nobility refused to make concessions to the peasantry.
aristocrats in Paris went into hiding.

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Chapter 18

The French Revolution

12. The two most powerful, universal political ideas of ______________________ were civic equality and popular
sovereignty.
13. On June 1, 1789 the Third Estate invited the clergy and the nobles to join them in organizing a new legislative
body, which was later named the ___________.
14. The fall of the ___________ marked the first time the populace of Paris redirected the course of the revolution.
15. The French term ___________ refers to the days on which the populace of Paris redirected the course of the
revolution.
16. The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen claimed that natural rights included liberty, property,
security, and resistance to ________.
The Reconstruction of France
17.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

Which of the following best describes the form of government pursued by the National Constituent Assembly:
democracy.
constitutional monarchy.
oligarchy.
theocracy.
dictatorship.

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Chapter 18

The French Revolution

18. According to the suffrage stipulations of the Constitution of 1791, approximately how many of Frances 25
million citizens were qualified to vote?
A. 50,000
B. 250,000
C. 1 million
D. 25 million
E. 10 million
19.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

The Chapelier Law:

put an end to ecclesiastical taxes.
put a protective tariff on wine imports.
granted female suffrage.
expunged residual feudal dues.
forbade workers associations.

20.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

The Roman Catholic Church:

condemned the French Revolution.
enthusiastically supported the French Revolution.
accepted the French Revolution.
ignored the French Revolution.
was a driving force behind the French Revolution.

21. In 1791, ____________, a butchers daughter from Montauban in northwest France who became a major
revolutionary radical in Paris, composed a Declaration of the Rights of Woman.
22. The National Constituent Assembly abolished the ancient French provinces and established in their place 83
administrative units called __________.
23. Known as __________, over 16,000 French aristocrats settled in countries near the French border, where they
sought to foment counterrevolution.
The End of the Monarchy: A Second Revolution
24.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

All of the following statements about the Jacobins are true EXCEPT:
they established a network of local clubs throughout the provinces.
they contributed to the radicalization of the French Revolution.
embraced Rousseaus emphasis on equality, popular sovereignty, and civic virtue
they were the most famous and best organized club of the Third Estate.
they were the most conservative political group in the National Constituent Assembly.

25.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

The term sans-culottes was used in revolutionary France to refer to:

children.
women.
workers.
clergy.
nobles.

26.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

The sans-culottes wanted, above all else,:

a constitutional monarchy.
freedom of religion.
tax relief.
democracy.
relief from food shortages and high prices.

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Chapter 18

27.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

The French Revolution

Louis XVI was condemned to death on the charge of:

conspiring against the liberty of the people.
the manslaughter of hundreds of revolutionaries.
subversive actions against the state.
conspiracy to commit murder.
embezzlement from the national treasury.

28. In 1792, the Paris Commune compelled the Legislative Assembly to call for the election of a new assembly,
called the ___________, to write a democratic constitution.
29. What political and social factors led to the outbreak of the Second Revolution? How could this revolution have
been avoided? Explain.

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Chapter 18

The French Revolution

Europe at War With the Revolution

30.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

As Prime Minister of Britain, William Pitt the Younger:

embraced political reform.
supported the French Revolution.
suppressed popular movements.
suppressed reform.
suppressed reform AND popular movements.

31.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

Which of the following best summarizes Edmund Burkes view of the French Revolution:
he wholeheartedly supported the uprising.
he believed it was shortsighted and politically ignorant.
he believed it was the inevitable extension of Enlightenment ideals.
he was rather ambivalent toward the revolutionary events.
he supported its ideals, but was unsure if they would be realized.

32. ___________, the hero of the American Revolution, composed The Rights of Man in direct response to Burke
and in defense of the revolutionary principles.
33. On November 4 in the single bloodiest day of combat in the decade, __________ troops killed well over 10,000
Poles outside Warsaw.
The Reign of Terror
34.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

By April 1793, which of the following countries was NOT at war with France?:
Austria.
Great Britain.
Spain.
Sweden.
Prussia.

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Chapter 18

35.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

Issued in August of 1793, the lvee en masse was a(n):

military requisition on the entire population.
restriction on foreign imports.
attempt to fix prices in order to quell inflation.
call to the French population to rise up and defend the church.
a new income tax.

36.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

By late 1794, the French army:

was disbanded.
was larger than any other in European history.
numbered little more than 50,000 men.
joined forces with the soldiers of Polish reform.
was in disarray.

37.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

The core value of the republic of virtue created by the revolution was:
public good over the private good.
individual interests over the general will.
private good over the public good.
liberty for all.
equality of all, including men and women.

38.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

Which of the following was not part of the ideology embraced by Maximilien de Robespierre:
wholehearted support of the republican government.
renunciation of self-interested politics.
the assault on foreign and domestic enemies of the revolution.
embrace of Christianity.
establishment of equal rights for women.

39.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

Many victims of the Reign of Terror were subject to this humane form of execution:
hanging.
guillotine.
starvation.
poisoning.
shooting.

40.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

The Law of 22 Prairial, passed on June 10 of 1794, permitted the:

conviction of counterrevolutionaries without substantial evidence.
immediate execution of anyone who spoke out against the government.
execution of all those who did not report for military service.
immediate imprisonment of all women who chose to take part in public discourse.
execution of all clergy who did not renounce Christianity.

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The French Revolution

Chapter 18

The French Revolution

41. The immediate need to protect the revolution from enemies, real or imagined, from across the spectrum of
French political and social life manifested itself in what became known as the _____________.
42. As part of a policy of de-Christianization, the Convention, in November of 1793, decreed the Cathedral of
_____________ a Temple of Reason.
43. In May 1794, at the height of his power, Robespierre, considering the worship of Reason too abstract for most
citizens, replaced it with the ____________.
The Thermidorian Reaction
44.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

The Thermidorian reaction resulted in all of the following EXCEPT:

a new constitution.
the closing of the Paris Jacobin Club.
the reduction of the political power of the sans culottes.
a pull back from the radical revolution.
an end to political violence.

45.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

Bands of Jesus:
rejected the legitimacy of traditional clergy.
called for an end to violence and revenge.
were a figment of the popular imagination.
advocated perpetual war.
murdered suspected Jacobins.

46. Which of the following best summarizes the comparison of freedoms exercised by women before 1789 versus
after 1795:
A. women had less freedom before 1789.
B. women had more freedom after 1795.
C. women had more freedom before 1789.
D. the degree of freedom exercised was comparable.
E. women gained political rights after 1795.

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Chapter 18

47.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

The French Revolution has often been considered a victory of the:

peasantry.
clergy.
nobility.
bourgeoisie.
people.

48.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

The Treaties of Basel in March and June 1795 concluded peace with:
Poland and Spain.
Prussia and Poland.
Spain and Prussia.
Poland and Great Britain.
Switzerland and Prussia.

The French Revolution

49. The tempering of the revolution was known as the ___________Reaction.

50. Called the _________, throughout the country, people who had been involved in the Reign of Terror were
attacked and often murdered.
51. Under the leadership of Gracchus Babeuf, the ___________ called for more radical democracy and for more
equality of property.

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