Simulation of Half Bridge Series Resonant PFC

DC to DC Converter
V. Sivachidambaranathan,

S. S. Dash,

Sathyabama University, Chennai -600 119, India.

sivachidambaram_eee@yahoo.com

SRM University, Chennai-603 203, India.

Abstract - This paper presents the simulation of Half Bridge

Series Resonant Power Factor Correction (PFC) DC DC
converter with high frequency transformer isolation using
Matlab Simulink. Resonant converters have no switching loss
and are more suitable for high frequency operations. The
switches in resonant converters turn on and off under zero
current and/or zero voltage and there is no switching loss.This
converter uses a gating scheme suitable for integrating buck
converter and PWM DC to DC converter using a single control.
A model for DC DC Half bridge Series Resonant PFC
converter has been developed and the MATLAB simulation
results for the converter are presented.
Keywords Resonant half-bridge to DC-DC High frequency;
low switching loss converter;

I.
INTRODUCTION
Power converters have required improvement in the power

efficiency as well as reduction of size and weight especially in

mobile information/communication devices, traction converters,

power control units for electric/hybrid vehicle, etc. Passive
components and cooling devices usually occupy a much larger space
than semiconductor devices in power electronics building block. The
power converters have to reduce switching losses produced in the
power semiconductor devices to reduce the size of their cooling
devices [1].

The operation at higher frequencies considerably reduces

the size of passive components, such as transformers and
filters, however switching losses have been an obstacle to high
frequency operation. To reduce switching losses and allow
high frequency operation, resonant techniques have been
developed. These techniques process power in sinusoidal
manner and the switching process are softly commutated.
Therefore the switching losses and noise can be dramatically
reduced. [2 8]
High efficiency DC-DC converter for wide load range is
necessary for the applications which are battery-powered and
have energy consumption constrains. For a high efficiency
DC-DC converter, the LLC series-resonant half-bridge
converter is gaining its popularity [9]. High frequency
operation is necessary to reduce the size of reactive
components inturn reduce the size of power supplies. Further,
for MOSFET-based converters, zero voltage switching (ZVS)
is required for efficient operation to reduce or eliminate heat
sink requirements. Resonant converters have been well
documented to meet both of these requirements. The series
resonant asymmetric pulse-width-modulated converter is a

978-1-4244-9182-7/10/$26.00 2010 IEEE

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half-bridge load. Its resonant inductor can be formed entirely

by the transformer leakage inductance, and its rectifiers
achieve zero current switching (ZCS). Constant frequency
resonant topology that achieves ZVS while operating at
constant frequency operation simplifies EMC and magnetic
component design. All these benefits make it an ideal
candidate for low voltage, low power supplies [10].
When designed to run at high operating frequencies with
soft switching for high efficiency, the half-bridge resonant
converter can be built using small heat sinks and low-profile,
horizontal-style transformers. Shrinking these normally bulky
components leads to high power density and helps to reduce
BOM costs. These characteristics have made the half-bridge
resonant converter a popular topology in switching power
supplies designed for consumer applications such as lowprofile LCD TVs.
II.
HALF BRIDGE SERIES RESONANT INVERTER
A series resonant half bridge inverter is used for the
investigation is presented in Fig 1. The circuit consists of half
bridge MOSFET inverter. The resonant inductor Lr and
capacitor Cr are in series. They form a series LC circuit. The
resonant circuit is in series with the load. From this
configuration, the resonant tank and the load circuit act as a
voltage divider. By changing the frequency of the input
voltage, the impedance of the tank will change. This
impedance will drive the input voltage with the load. At
resonant frequency, the impedance of series resonant tank will
be very small, all the input voltage will drop on the load.
Hence the maximum gain appears at the resonant frequency
for a series resonant converter. The resonant capacitor is
inserted on the primary side in order to prevent a DC offset at
the transformer. The series resonant circuit formed by L, C
and load must be underdamped. If the load is resistive then, it
should satisfy the condition,

R 2 4L

(1)

The resonant frequency fr of the converter is mainly

determined by the inductance Lr and the capacitance Cr of the
series capacitor.

fr

1
2

LC

(2)

Turn-on switching losses of the power switches are

reduced under zero-voltage switching condition as the

conventional LLC series resonant half bridge dc-dc converter

[11]. The performance of Low harmonic CLL type AC to DC
converter was investigated by I Shida [12] and Novel ZV ZC
PWM converter in [13]. Multilevel converter for large drives
was presented in [14]. Analysis of series parallel resonant
converter was done by Bhat [15]. In the present work, open
loop controlled DC to DC link converter is modeled and
simulated.

IV.

SIMULATION RESULTS

The simulation of half bridge series resonant DC DC

converter is done using Matlab and results are presented. The
driving pulses for the MOSFETs M1 and M2 are shown in
Fig.3. The output of series resonant inverter is shown in Fig 4.
Square wave is obtained by using series resonance. The output
of LC filter is shown in Fig. 5. An approximate sinusoidal
voltage is obtained. The driving pulse for M1 and voltage
across M1 are shown in Fig. 6. Driving pulse for M2 and
Voltage across M2 are shown in Fig.7. DC voltage at the
output is shown in Fig.8. The variation of output voltage with
the variation of input voltage is shown in Fig. 9. From the
output it can be seen that the output voltage increases when
the input voltage increases.

v
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Figure 1. Half Bridge LC Series Resonant Inverter

III.

CIRCUIT DESCIPTION AND OPERATING

PRINCIPLE
Fig. 2 shows the Half Bridge Series Resonant PFC DC
DC Converter. The circuit consists of a half bridge MOSFET
inverter having a high frequency (HF) resonant circuit. This is
the high frequency link. A HF transformer provides voltage
transformation and isolation between the DC source and the
load.

Time (Sec)
Figure 3.

The resonant link circuit is driven with either square waves

of voltage or current in the inverter. The voltage or current in
the resonant components becomes maximum at the resonant
frequency and by altering the frequency around the resonant
point, the voltage on the resonant components can be adjusted
to any desired value. By rectifying the voltage across the
inductor or capacitor, a DC voltage is obtained.

Pulses for M1 and M2

v
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t
s

Figure 4.

Time (Sec)

Output of series resonant inverter

v
o
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t
s

Figure 2.

Half Bridge Series Resonant PFC DC DC Converter

Figure 5.

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Time (Sec)

Output at LC Filter

v
o
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v
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t
s

t
s

Time

Figure 9. Variation of output voltage with variation of input voltage

V.
CONCLUSION
Half bridge series resonant PFC DC to DC converter is
simulated using Matlab simulink and the results are presented
in this paper. It is shown that the output voltage increases as
the input voltage increases. The converter presents a range of
avenues for new research. Resonant converter topologies can
be used to increase circuit switching speeds, allowing the cost
of magnetics to be reduced, improved power factor, while
keeping the switching losses to a minimum. Closed loop
operation is beyond the scope of this paper.

Figure 6. Driving pulse for M1 and Voltage across M1

v
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t
s

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Time (Sec)
Figure 7.

Driving pulse for M2 and Voltage across M2

v
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Time (Sec)
Figure 8. DC output voltage

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