Percentage

1.

2.

3.

4.

Two candidates contested the election. At the election 10%

votes were rejected as invalid. The margin of the successful
candidate was 308 and it was found that he had been supported by 47% of the whole number on the voters list. What
is the number of valid votes recorded by each candidate?
At a party 40% of the people have only orange juice and
snacks, 10% have only food and 80% have snacks. If nobody has all three and everybody has something, how many
have at least food?
In a certain community consisting of p persons, x% can
read and write. Among the males alone y% and of the females alone m% can read and write. Find the number of males
and females in the community.
A man spends 80% of his income. With the increase in the
1
cost of living his expenses also increase by 37 % and his
2
2
income increases by 16 % . Find his present percentage
3
saving.

5.

6.

7.

8.

only three questions out of six. Of the rest 33 1 3 % answered

only two questions out of six. Of the rest 50% answered
only one question out of six. Of the rest 100% were unable to
solve any question out of the given six questions. There
were 171 such students. Then what was the total number of
candidates who appeared in the examination?
13. In a certain community consisting of P persons, a per cent
can read and write. Of the males b percent and of the females c percent can read and write. Find the number of
males and females in the community.
14. In an examination paper of 6 questions, 4% of the candidates answered all of them and 6% none. Of the rest 20%
answered only 1 question and 25% answered only 4. 15% of
the entire candidates answered only 2 questions and 12%
only 3 questions. If 220 candidates answered only 5, how
many candidates appeared at the examination?
15. The salaries of A, B and C together amount to Rs 25500. If

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KUNDAN

1
If the price of sugar falls by 2 % a person can buy 9 kg
2
more of sugar for Rs 126 than before. If the price had risen by
1
12 % , how much sugar could he have bought for the same
2
sum?
In an examination paper of 5 questions, 5% of the candidates answered all of them and 5% none. Of the rest, 25%
answered only 1 question and 20% answered only 4. If

1
24 % of the entire candidates answered only 2 questions
2
and 200 answered only 3, how many candidates appeared at
the examination?
A sum of Rs 2368 was divided among 8 men, 10 women and
12 children in such a way that each man got 25% more than
a woman and each woman got 25% more than a child. How
much did each woman get?
In a school 20% of the students are below 5 years of age and

the number of girls above 5 is

9.

30% of the unskilled workers are temporary, find the total

number of employees when the toal number of permanent
employees is 456.
10. Entry fee in an exhibition was Re 1. Later this was reduced
by 25%, which increased the sale by 20%. Find the percentage increase in the number of visitors.
11. Total population of a country is 98 107, out of which 48
107 are females and the rest are males. Out of every 1000
males 98 can read and write but only 7.5% of the total population can do so. Find what percentage of women in the
whole women population of the country can read and write.
12. In an examination paper of 6 questions, 5% of the candidates answered all the questions. Of the rest 10% answered
only five questions out of six. Of the rest 20% answered
only four questions out of six. Of the rest 25% answered

of the number of boys above

3
5 and equal to 64. How many students are there in the school?
2
66 % of the employees of a company are skilled workers
3
and the rest are unskilled. If 40% of the skilled workers and

2
they spend 85%, 80% and 78 % of their respective sala3
ries, their savings are in the ratio 3 : 5 : 4. Find their respective salaries.
16. There are two candidates in an election. 11% of the voters
did not vote. 500 votes were declared invalid. The elected
candidate got 3300 votes more than his opponent. If the
elected candidate got 48% of the total votes, how many
votes did each candidate get?
17. A man spends 75% of his income. With an increase in the
1
cost of living his expenditure increases by 33 % and his
3
income by 25%. Find his percentage of present saving.

Answers and explanation

1.

Let x be the total voters.

New income = x x

9x
No. of votes cast =
10

New expenditure =

9x
Winner votes + Loser votes + 60 =
10
Loser votes

9
47
43 x 6000
x 60
x
10
100
100
According to the question,
Winner Loser = 308

or,

7
11
x
New saving = 6 x 10 x = Rs 15

47 x 43 x 6000

308
100
100

5.

x 6
5
100 5 %
15 7 x
7

5
63
1
126 = Rs
2 % of 126
200
20
2

63 1
Reduced price of 1 kg of sugar = 20 9

43 6200 6000
2606
100

7
20
Let the original price of sugar be Rs 100.

= Re

Juice

Snacks (80)

40
0

Reduced price = 100 2

If reduced price is Rs

Food

Maximum value of y = 80 40 = 40%

Then maximum value of x = 100 (10 + 80) = 10%
Maximum = 40 + 10 + 10 = 60% have food.
Let the number of males and females in the community be A
and B respectively.
A+B=p
....(i)
From the question,
y% of A + m% of B = x% of p
or, yA mB xp
....(ii)
Multiply by y in equation (i), we get
yA yB yp
....(iii)
(ii) (iii)

7
If reduced price is Re 20 , then original price

= Re

225
2
If original price is Rs 100, then increased price

= Rs

p x y
B m y

px y
pm x
= m y
m y
4
x
5

14
, then increased price
39

225 1 14
21

= Re
2 100 39
52

Sugar bought for Rs 126 = 126

Let the income of man be Rs x.

4x

x
saving = x 5 Rs 5

225
2

If original price is Re

Putting the value of B in equation (i), we get

Expenditure of man = 80% of x = Rs

1
2

= Rs

or, B m y p x y

4.

100 2 7
14
= Re
195 20
39

Now, increased in the price = 100 12

yA mB yA yB p x y

A pB p

1
195
= Rs
2
2

195
, then original price
2
= Rs 100

10

3.

63
20

Reduced price of 9 kg of sugar = Rs

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KUNDAN

2.

4
4
75
x x
5
5
200

4
3
8 x 3 x 11
x x

x
5
10
10
10

% saving =

or, 47 x 43 x 6000 30800

or, 4 x 24800 x 6200
Winner candidates valid votes
= 47% of 6200 = 2914
Loser candidates valid votes

50
x
7
x = Rs x
300
6
6

6.

52
= 312 kg
21

Let the total no. of candidates = x

Candidate who answered 5 questions
x
20
Candidates who did not answer any question

= 5% of x

= 5% of x

x
20

9.

x
x
Remaining candidates = x 20 20

2
2
No. of skilled workers = 66 % of x = x
3
3

x
9

x
10 10
Candidates who answered 1 question

unskilled workers = x -

= x

9 9
= 25% of x x
10 40
Candidates who answered 4 questions
9
9
= 20% of x x
10
50
Candidates who answered 2 questions only

49
1
x
= 24 % of x
200
2
Number of candidates who answered 3 questions
x
9
9
49
x

x
x
x
= x
20
20
40
50
200

2x

x 25

5
= Rs x
A woman gets = Rs x
100

4
5
5x
A man gets = Rs 25% of x
4
4
5
25
5
x
= Rs x x Rs
4
16
16

8 men get = Rs

25
25
x 8 = Rs
x
16
2

5
25
10 = Rs
x
4
2
12 children get = Rs x 12 = Rs 12x

10 women get = Rs

25
25
x
x 12 x 2368
2
2

or, 37x = 2368 x

3
2

temporary workers = 40% of

15

10
11

permanent workers = x -

30

x + 30% of

8 x 3x

30
19
30

11
30

From the question,

19
30

x = 456
456 30

x=

= 720
19
10. Let 100 persons visit the exhibition daily.
Reduction in entry fee = 25% of Re 1 = Re 1/4

2368
= Rs 64
37

5
64 = Rs 80
4
Let the no, of students in the school = x
no. of students below 5 years
= 20% of x = x/5
No. of girls who are above 5 years = 64
no. of boys who are above 5 years
= 64 3/2 = 96
x 4
No. of students above 5 years = x - x ..... (i)
5 5
No. of students in the school who are above
5 years = 64 + 96 = 160 .... (ii)
4
From (i) and (ii),
x = 160
5

Reduced entry fee = 1 -

= Re

4
4
Increase in sale of tickets due to reduction in entry fee = 20%
total sale = 100 + 20% of 100 = Rs 120
3
If entry fee is Re , then no. of visitors = 1
4
If entry fee is Rs 120, then no. of visitors

1 4 120

= 160
3
increase in daily no. of visitors
= 160 100 = 60%

11. Total population = 980000000

Number of males = 500000000
Number of females = 480000000
Number of persons who can read and write
980000000 7.5
73500000
100
No. of literate males

98
49000000
1000
No. of literate females = 73500000 - 49000000
= 24500000
Percentage of literate females

= 500000000

Each woman gets =

8.

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150
x
x
200
4
Total no. of candidates = (x) = 4 200 = 800
Suppose a child gets Rs x.

= x

7.

160 5
= 200
4
Let the total no. of the employees in the company be x.

x=

24500000 100 245

= 5.104%
480000000
48

12. Number of those students who answered zero question =

171
Suppose total number of students is T.
Then,
T

100 5 100 10 100 20 100 25

100

100

100

100

100 100

3 100 50

= 171
100
100

or, T

95 90 80 75 200 50

171
100 100 100 100 300 100
171 3000000000000
1000
95 90 80 75 200 50

or, T

13. Let the number of males and females be M and F respectively

Then M + F = P
Since, of the males b per cent can read and write, then number of literate males =

b
M
100

Similarly, number of literate females =

c
F
100

a
P
But total number of literate people =
100
b
c
a
M
F
P

100
100
100
bM + cF = aP
or, bM + c(P - M) = aP
or, bM + cP - cM = aP
or, M(b - c) = P(a - c)

15. Let the salaries of A, B and C be Rs x, Rs y and Rs z respectively.

Expenditure of A = 85% of x
Savings of A = 15% of x = Rs

3x
20

Expenditure of B = 80% of y
Savings of B = 20% of y = Rs y/5
2
Expenditure of C = 78 % of z
3
1
Savings of C = 21 % of z = Rs 16 z 75
3
From the question,
3x y 16z
: :
= 3:5:4
20 5 75
x : y: z =

3 20
75 4
: 5 5:
3
16

= 20 : 25 :

75
= 80 : 100 : 75 = 16 : 20 : 15
4

Salary of A =

16
25500 = Rs 8000
51

Salary of B =

20
25500 = Rs 10000
51

Salary of C =

15
25500 = Rs 7500
51

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Pa c
or, M b c males
Also bM + cF = aP
or, b(P - F) + cF = aP
or, bP - bF + cF = aP
or, F(c - b) = P(a - b)

or, F =

Pa b
c b females

14. Suppose total number of candidates = 100

Candidates who answered 6 questions
= 4% of 100 = 4
Candidates who didnt answer any question
= 6% of 100 = 6
Remaining candidates = 100 - 10 = 90
No. of candidates who answered only 1 question = 20% of
90 = 18
No. of candidates who answered only 4 questions = 25% of
1
2
Candidates who answered only 2 questions
= 15% of 100 = 15
Candidates who answered only 3 questions

90 = 22

16. Let the total no. of votes = x

% of voters who did not vote = 11%

x 11 89 x

100
100
Number of invalid votes = 500
no. of valid votes = (0.89x - 500) .... (i)
Elected candidate gets 0.48x votes. Therefore
0.48x + (0.48x 3300) = 0.89x 500
or, 0.07x + 500 = 3300
or, 0.07x = 2800
or, x = 2800/0.07 = 40000
no. of votes secured by elected candidate
= 0.48x = 19200.
No. of votes secured by loser candidate
= 19200 3300 = 15900
17. Let his income be Rs 100.
expenses = 75% of 100 = Rs 75.
savings = 100 75 = Rs 25.

no. of votes polled = x

100
300
= 75 + 25 = Rs 100.

1
1
= 12 % of 100 = 12
2
2
No. of candidates who answered 5 questions

Increased expenditure = 75 + 75

1
1
= 100 4 6 18 22 15 12 22
2
2

If 5 questions are answered by 22 candidates then total no.

of candidates =100

Increased income = 100

100
total no. of candidates = 22 220 1000

100 25
Rs 125
100
New savings = 125 100 = Rs 25.

% savings =

25
100 20%
125