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At the end of this month, the last bar of soap (PRODUCE) _will have been produced_ by Unilever
as the company (CHANGE) __is changing_ to other products. The bars (REPLACE) ___are going
to be replaced__ by liquid soap, shower gels and body washes. In our search for hygiene, the bar
soap ***isn`t** now (NOT CONSIDER) __isn`t considered___ clean enough. Liquid soap
(COST)____costs____more, but soap (BE)__is_ something on which we (SEEM) __seem_____
happy (SPEND) _ to spend__ .In the last four years, the amount the British (SPEND) __have
spent__on soap products (INCREASE) __has increased_ by 15%, to a total of 180m.
Last year (BE) __was___ a bad year for a commodity prices. The commodity price
index (FALL) __was falling__throughout January and February and (REACH) __reached_ an alltime low in mid-March . Prices then (START) __started__ to bottom out and (CREEP UP) __were
creeping up__ until the end of April when they
( PLUMMET) ___plummetted__ again. Despite a rise in May and June, the situation (WORSEN)
___worsend____ again in July and prices (FALL) __fell___ once more.
They remained stable for the rest of the summer and even (GO UP) ___went up___
steadily during the period September-November, before (PLUNGE) __plunging__
yet again at the end of the year.
Levi Strauss & Co. (FOUND) _was founded_ in 1853. For its first 100 years, LS&CO. (BE)
_was__ a private company. Relatives of its founder (OWN) _owned__ almost all of its stock and
company employees (HOLD) __held__ virtually all of the remaining shares. In 1971, (FINANCE)
__financing_ further growth and diversification, the company (TRADE) _traded_ shares publicly,
although descendants of the founder (RETAIN) _retained__
outstanding shares.
In August 1985 the publicly held shares (REPURCHASE) _were repurchased__ in one of the
largest leveraged buyout transactions in U.S. history for a total of $1.6 billion. In 1996, the
company (STRENGTHEN) ___+ed_ its status as a privately owned company by (PURCHASE)
_purchasing_ employee-held shares as well.
Dear Mr Miller,
This is the third time in a month that an incomplete shipment (DELIVER) _has been delivered_ to
us from you. In this case ten dresses (MISS) _are missing_ . I (EXPECT) __expect_ them
(REPLACE) _to be replaced_ immediately. I (TRADE) _have been trading_ with you for thirty
years and expect (TREAT) _to be treated__ like an old customer. If this the type of service you
(OFFER) _offer_ , I have no wish to continue (DO) __doing__ business with you. If I (RECEIVE)
__receive_ another incomplete shipment, I (FORCE) _will be forced__ to end our association.
Procter & Gamble (COMMIT) __is committed__ to (IMPROVE) _improving_ the environmental
quality of its products, packaging and operations around the world. For decades we (PURSUE)
__have pursued__ policies that (HELP) _help__ protect, preserve and enhance the quality of the
environment in which we all (LIVE) __live__. The basis for our environmental systems and
programs (LIE) __lies__ in the continuous improvement cycle. Environmental quality management
(BE) __is__ a never-ending journey. All our divisions (ACHIEVE) _have achieved__ substantial
improvements in their performance this year, but much (LIE) _lies_ ahead (DO) __to be done__.
There (BE) __has been__ a great deal of research into the art of negotiating, and, in particular, into
what (MAKE) ___makes___ a good negotiator. One point most researchers (SEEM) _seem_
(AGREE) __to agree_ on (BE) __is__
That good negotiators (TRY) _try___ to create a harmonious atmosphere at the start of a
negotiation. Successful negotiators (NOT WANT) _didn`t want__ a negotiation to break down. If
problems (ARISE) _arise__ they (SUGGEST) _will suggest_ ways of (RESOLVE) __resolving_
them.
Since the 1980s, when China (introduce) __introduced__ a market economy and (open) __opened_
its doors to the West, foreign companies (compete) __have been compiting_ to get a share of this
huge potential market of 1.2 billion people. In the early 80s, China (import) __imported__ a wide
range of goods and (set up) __set up_ joint venture projects (build up) _to build up__ western-style
hotels for the ever-increasing number of foreign visitors. Since the beginning of the 1990s, China
(follow) ___has followed_ a policy of reducing imports and modernizing industry. Every year
China (need) __needs__ to construct hundreds of kilometers of roads and railways, build new
power stations and connect another ten million people to the telephone system. Projects such as
these (offer) __offer__ huge investment opportunities for foreign companies interested in (set up)
__setting up_ joint ventures with Chinese.
The first branch of The Body Shop (open) __was opened_ in 1976 in Brighton, England. So far, we
(grow) __have grown__ into a worldwide organization with more than 1000 stores. Since the very
beginning, we (be) _have been_ committed to activities that (benefit) _benefit___ communities on
both local and global scale. Employees of The Body Shop (encourage) _are encouraged_ to take a
half days paid leave each month (participate) _to participate__ in activities that benefit their local
community. In 1991, we (win) __won_ the UK Award for Employee Volunteering. To date, we (run)
_have run_ 21 campaigns. We (start) _+ed__ a Romanian Relief Drive in 1990 to help abandoned
children. So far, our project team (renovate) __has renovated_ three orphanages and (begin) _has
begun__ care programs to improve the quality of the childrens lives.
Globo Paint (BE) __was__ established more than 100 years ago. Today it (EMPLOY) _employs_
more than 5000 people in more than 30 countries. In fact, the company***is*** still (EXPAND)
__expanding___ . The original company, called Hammer Paints, (BE) _was_ started by two
brothers who (WORK) _worked__ as engineers. They (DO) __had done_ some market research
before they (SET UP) __set up__ Hammer Paints. Their results (SHOW) _+ed_ that there (BE)
_was_ a clear need for more effective industrial paints. So, initially they (CONCENTARTE)
__+ed___ on just one product. Today, they (MANUFACTURE) __manufasture_ a range of more
than 250 paints and other oil-based products. During the companys hundred-year history, the
company (SEE) __has seen__ many changes in production techniques.
The trend of doing e-commerce (SET) __was set_ in 1998; the next year venture investing in
Europe (BE) _was_ around $13 billion, higher than the amount invested in a year earlier. Prospects
of doing business in this way (BE) _were_ promising and it (BE) __was__so easy to establish ones
own on-line presence. Dot.com newly born businesses (LAUNCH) _were launched_ on the back
of funds from venture capitalists. For a time, everybody with half an idea about business
(CAN/RAISE) __could raise_ money. But, this favourable beginning adversely (AFFECT) _was
affected_
by a sudden plunge in share prices on Americas stock market. Since then most of start-ups (FIND)
_have found__ it far harder to raise fresh money. The direct consequence (BE) __was_ that young
Internet firms (START) __+ed__ running out of cash.